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Team Biol303
Spring15
Faculty:
EXAM schedule
Dates
Place/Time
Lectures
by the end of 303, you should be able to explain what is going on in this movie!
Properties of cells:
High Complex and Organized
Properties of cells:
Capable of Producing
Possess Genetic Program More of Themselves
and Means to Use it
Properties of cells:
Acquire and Utilize Energy
Properties of cells:
Engage in Mechanical Activities
Properties of cells:
Cells Evolve
All living organisms evolved from a
single, common ancestral cell (3 bill.
yrs ago)
mammalian
nerve cell
Paramecium
(protozoa)
Heliobacter
Chlamydomonas
pylori
(algae)
Saccharomyces
(bacteria)
cerevisiea
(fungi)
share:
prokaryotes
can be different
shapes
reproduce by fission
some carry out
photosynthesis,
nitrogen
fixation
studies
in Esherichia
coli (E. coli) have
revealed much about cell biology
eukaryotes
protists, fungi, plants, and
animals
can be one cell or many cells
bigger than prokaryotes
membrane-bound nucleus
with pores and linear
chromosomes
plasma membrane (plus cell
wall in plants)
many organelles
complex cytoskeleton
wide variety of shapes and
sizes
some sexual reproduction
plants carry out
photosynthesis
plant cell
animal cell
Ladyofhats imag
organism
molecules
multicellular
organ
tissue
cells
organisms
organelles
Central Dogma:
Protein
DNA
RNA
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
Electron Microscopy
Scanning EM
Transmission EM
Live vs
Fixed
cells?
Example Other
s of
Details
Techniqu
es
magnification versus
resolution
Light Microscopy
live or fixed cells
Stained or unstained
cells
white light or
transmitted light
phase-contrast
differential
interference
contrast
(DIC/Nomarski)
HeLa
HeLa cells
Red-ER
marker
(genetic),
green-a live
mitochondrial
stain,
blue- DNA
dye (Image from
invitrogen.com)
http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/support/Research-Tools/Cell-S
taining-Tool.html
TEM image
uses electrons; max resolution in
practice; 0.1nm - 2nm
cells must be fixed (killed!) and
treated with electron dense
material.
one disadvantage potential for
artifacts
advantages/disadvantages
of EM
fantastic magnification
and resolution
outsidecarbohydrate chains
attached to plasma membrane
long strands of DNA
DNA binding proteins
pyruvate dehydrogenase
glycolytic enzymes
Mycoplasma mycoides
bacterial cell
Illustration by David S.
Goodsell,
ribosomes
nucleus the
cells HQ
1. Chromatin: Genetic
material plus associated
proteins (lectures 4,5)
2. Nucleolus: site of
ribosomal RNA synthesis and
subunit assembly
3. Nucleoplasm: nonnucleolar regions of nucleus
4. Nuclear matrix:
Supportive structure
David
David S.
S. Goodsell
Goodsell 1999.
1999.