CHAPTER 1

PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

PREPARED BY:
NUR MARINA HANI BINTI RIBOT
Room: B 224
nurmarina@pahang.uitm.edu.my

Learning Outcomes

Student should be able to describe the function of

management.
Student should be able to explain management
processes.
Student should be able to understand several
important factors to be considered in planning stage
prior to the execution of the work.

INTRODUCTION
Construction

management???

Study & practice of the managerial &

technological aspects of the construction
industry

E.g.: construction, construction science,

construction management & construction
technology

Or serve as a consultant, providing both design

& construction advice

INTRODUCTION
5 factors/steps in planning stage:

Identification of the objective to be achieved

Expression of the objectives in term of time

Assessment of the resources available against

resources required

Establish the most economical method by which the

objectives can be achieved by the time required taking
into account the resources available

From the method selected, specify the allocations of

responsibilities

MANAGER?

one who directs the work of other and who does his work by
getting other to do theirs

people at the top

MANAGEMENT?
The art & science of controlling people, equipment, materials,
money & schedule to complete a specified project on time &
within approve cost
The organised human activities involving the organisation of
the number of individuals
The function of getting things done through other people

Function of Management
Sequential Function
Occur in sequence
Includes planning, organizing, staffing, directing & controlling
Output or result of an activity is measured
Necessary corrective action will be proposed
Appears in cycle

Continuous Function
Problem analysis, decision-making, and communicating
Through out the management process rather than any
particular sequence
Manager must have effective communication skill

Management process
(Sequential Function)
5
CONTROLLING

MANAGEMENT
PROCESS

1
PLANNING

4
DIRECTING

3
STAFFING

2
ORGANIZING

PLANNING
Planning is concern with deciding future operations on the
basis of available forecast. It involves:
Determining

the objectives or policies of the organization.

Recognizing

various standards & factors that affect these

objectives (the standards may be budget, time or profit
margin).
Formulation

of activities or programme (set objectives) in

order to achieve the organization objectives.

ORGANIZING
Grouping

of activities to be performed according to the

plan of the organization, and this is referred as
departmentation
Assign

each department the defined tasks, responsibility

& relevant managerial authority
Define

each department the responsibility

Establish

the relationship between each department

STAFFING
Appoint

requisite numbers of personnel

Control

candidates selection, emphasize on

relevant criteria (qualification, ability, experience,
knowledge & communication skill
Staff

training & development

Formulate

their job performance

assessment/appraisal system
Formulate

fair promotion & dismissal system

DIRECTING
Directing

is the implementing and carrying out (through others) of

those approved plans are necessary to achieve or exceed objectives.
Directing involves such steps as:
Staffing

: seeing that a qualified person is selected for each

position.
Training: teaching individuals and groups how to fulfill their
duties and responsibilities.
Supervising
: giving others day-to-day instruction, guidance, and
disciplines as required so that they can fulfill their
duties and responsibilities.
Delegating
: assigning work, responsibility, and authority so others
can make maximum utilization of their abilities.
Motivating
: encouraging others to perform by fulfilling or
appealing to their needs.

DIRECTING
Other activities or examples:
Delegating
Guiding

methods

or issuing of orders and instructions

the subordinates to work in the proper

Motivate

objectives

the subordinates to work towards the

Supervise

subordinates to ensure that they perform

according to the plan

CONTROLLING
Controlling

is a three-step process of measuring progress towards an

objective, evaluating what remains to be done, and taking the
necessary corrective action to achieve or exceed the objectives.
These

3 steps;

Measuring

Evaluating
Correcting
or

: determining through formal and informal reports the

degree to which progress toward objectives is being
made.
: determining cause of and possible ways to act on
significant deviations from planned performance.
: taking control action to correct an unfavorable trend
to take advantage of an unusually favorable trend.

CONTROLLING
The

task of establishing various performance

standards to measure, report & forecast
deviation in the project scope, budget & schedule
Comparing

of actual result to these standards

Taking

corrective action to reduce or eliminate

discrepancies
*Controlling-is a task that requires continual and timely
reporting of information so that the management can respond
in immediate.

THANK YOU

QUESTIONS
Listed below are responsibilities of the president and four
activities of the project manager. For each of the
responsibilities and activities listed below, identify the
management function associated with it.
President Responsibilities:
Check actual progress in projects against schedules.
_____________
Provide an environment conducive to highest quality
individual and team performance.
_____________
Develop company objectives to serve as a basic guide for
sound growth and development.
_____________
Insure sound hiring policies and assign key personnel.
_____________

QUESTIONS
Project Managers Activities:
Identify project objective, establish policies, procedures
and method. Break the project down into tasks and
establish a schedule and a budget.
________________
Supervise team members as they work toward meeting
project objective.
________________
Assign tasks to departments and individuals responsible
for performing the work.
________________
Evaluate the performance of the team and project
progress and take corrective action when necessary.
________________