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BTS
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PCUSN
SGSN
GGSN
CGF
GPRS Architecture
Mobile Station
PCUSN(Packet control
unit support Node)
The PCU separates the circuit switched
and packet switched traffic from the user
and sends them to the GSM and GPRS
networks respectively.
PCUSN is introduced as separate
element in BSS to introduce the function
of PCU
SGSN
LIG
DNS
Rou
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ng R
esol SGSN
utio
n
ling
GTP Tunne
Gb
PCUSN
Gn
Mob
Man
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men
Bi
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t
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Re
Gr
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s
Location
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Com n
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F
Services
MS
CP
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GMLC
CGF
GGSN
HLR
SGSN
SGSN is hosted on the Passport
platform.
SGSN performs: Mobility
management, routes packet data,
authentication, encryption,
compression
Remote Authentication
Dial-In User Service
(RADIUS) Functions
SGSN
IP Backbone
MS
Log-in, Password
GGSN
Frame
Relay
Network
Is this a
legitimate user?
RADIUS server
Function of RADIUS
Server
The authentication verifies that the user
is a legitimate user by means of a
username and a password. This can be
done by using an external RADIUS
server.
DHCP Function
GGSN
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SGSN
This will be my address:
136.147.102.26
GPRS Network
nI
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IP Backbone
DHCP
Internet
CGF
The billing is always sent to the primary CGF
server if possible; the secondary is used only if
the primary cannot be reached.
The CGF is composed of three following
entities:
Collection Cartridge
Aggregation Processor
Distribution Cartridge
Collection Cartridge
Collects billing records from the GPRS nodes
using GTP.
Aggregates several billing records produced
during a PDP session into a single GPRS
accounting record.
Note that billing records coming from
different Collectors cannot be aggregated
(two Collectors are seen as two different
billing stream by an Aggregator).
Aggregation Processor
Aggregates several billing records
produced during a PDP session into a
single GPRS accounting record.
Note that billing records coming
from different Collectors cannot be
aggregated (two Collectors are seen
as two different billing stream by an
Aggregator
Distribution Cartridge
Provides access to the GPRS accounting
records by the customer Billing System. The
available interfaces are FTP of ASCII or ASN.1
files. The Billing Center may request the
records, or the Distribution Cartridge may set
to push the records to the Center without
request.
(CGF) Functions
CGF
Collector
SGSN
Core
network
Billing Files
Transfer
GTP
GTP
GGSN
G-CDR
Aggregator
&
Distributor
Billing Records:
PDP session duration
GPRS QoS Negotiated
Input Octets
Output Octets
Hot Billing
Billing
Center
SMSC Function
SGSN
Gd
SIG
(IP)
(
d
G
7
S
S
SMSC
Nortel Implementation
MSC-VLR
PSTN/
ISDN
HLR
TCU
A
Gs
BTS
Gd
Ater
BSC
Agprs
Gr
SMSC
GMLC
LEA
SCP
LiG
Gn
Gb
PCUSN
Lg
Ge
SIG
Le
Lh
External LCS
Clients
SGSN
Ga
CGF
Ga
Gi
GGSN
PSPDN
Gp
SGSN of
other
PLMN
Interfaces
Ga - between SGSN or GGSN and a
CGF
Gb- between PCUSN and SGSN
Gr - between SGSN and HLR
extension of MAP.
Ge - between SGSN and SCP
Interfaces
Gn
- between SGSN and GGSN using GTP
protocol (tunnel).
Gi
- between GGSN and PDNs (Public Data
Networks - IP and X.25).
Gs
- between SGSN and MSC/VLR (via SIG),
for some simultaneous GPRS and
GSM operation (same as BSSMAP but optional).
Gd
- between SGSN and SMS-C (via SIG) to
deliver SMS messages via GPRS
(same as MAP).
Interfaces
Lg
- between GMLC (Gateway Mobile
Location Center) and SIG
Le
- between GMLC and LCS (Location
Services) clients
Lh
- between GMLC and HLR
GPRS Working
When a user begins on GPRS service,typically
it will run automatically scan for local GPRS
channel
If an appropriate channel is detected, the
device will attempt to attach to the network
SGSN receives the attach request,fetches the
subscriber profile info. From the HLR and
authenticated user
GPRS Working
SGSN uses the profile info. Including
Access point name (which identifies the
network and operator) to determine
which GGSN to route to
The selected GGSN perform RADIUS
authentication and allocate dynamic IP
address before setting up the connection
to outside networks
GPRS working
This process is called the Packet data
profile context activation.
When the mobile device is powered off or
moved out of GPRS coverage area,
PDP context is deactivated and the
device is detached from the network
GPRS Detachment
MS initiated Detachment:
Network Initiated Detachment
MS Initiated Detachment
Network Initiated
Detachment