IMPROVING LOAD BEARING

CAPACITY OF SOILS USING

ENCASED STONEBYCOLUMNS
G SAI SRAVYA
(14071D1204)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Smt S SANGEETHA
(ASSISTANT PROFESSOR)
Department of Civil Engineering
VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering &Technology,
Bachupally, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad-500090, AP

Contents:

INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
LITERATURE REVIEW
MATERIALS AND METHODS
REFERENCES

Introduction:
Ground reinforcement
Stone columns
Stone chips
Crushed aggregate

Encasement
Geo-synthetics

Objectives:
To densify the top loose stratum that

could be used as load bearing stratum

using stone columns.
To avoid bulging of column at one-third

height by providing encasement.

To prevent detrimental physical or

chemical changes due to environmental

conditions.
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Literature review:
K.V.Sudheer :

A detailed experimental study on behaviour of a compaction sand

pile and a stone column in a soil sample of fine sand containing
various percentages of clay.

The mini plate load tests are conducted and the load settlement
behaviours are observed. It is found that when the clay content is
increased up to 20% the percentage of improvement is increased.

From the results it can be concluded that even with small

percentage of clay present in the loose fine sand sample, ground
improvement by stone column is highly preferable than
compaction sand pile.
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Kameshwara Rao Tallapragada:

Out of several techniques available for improving the weak strata,

stone columns have been used to a large extend for several
applications.

In this work modifications to existing stone column technique

proposed are carried out to evaluate the behavior of stone column
as Vertical reinforcement to improve bearing capacity of soft clays.

The modification is in the form of introducing marginally small

percentage of Sand/Stone dust and lime to the conventional
granular material.

In addition to this the Encasement of Geo-synthetic is suggested

for enhancing the load carrying capacity of the Stone Column in
treated ground.
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B.R. Phani kumar:

Granular piles are one of the most widely used ground

improvement techniques in the case of soft clays.

This paper investigates the effect of length to diameter

ratio of stone columns and consistency index of the clay
on load-settlement behaviour and bulge characteristics.

Laboratory plate load tests were conducted on granular

piles installed on soft clay beds.

The behaviour of stone columns was analyzed in the

light of l/d ratio and consistency index.
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A.P.Ambily and S.R.Gandhi:

In recent years stone columns have been increasingly

used for improvement of soft soils to increase the load
bearing capacity and to reduce the settlements.

In the present work experimental studies are carried out

to evaluate the behaviour of stone column by varying
spacing, shear strength of soft clay, moisture content
etc.

The results obtained are analyzed using the finite

element package PLAXIS.

Hamed Niroumand:

Stone columns are installed using a process similar to

vibro compaction, except that a gravel backfill is used,
and they are typically installed in slightly cohesive soils
or silt rather than clean cohesion less soils.

In the dry soils, a cylindrical cavity is formed by the

vibrator that is filled from the bottom up with
gravel/crushed rock.

The purpose of this research paper is to provide a

review on ground improvement for using reinforced
stone columns in geotechnical engineering projects.
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MATERIALS TO BE USED:
Soils
Murrum
Black cotton soil
Loose sand

Stones
Crushed aggregate
Stone chips

Geo-synthetics
Geo-textiles
Geo-grids
Geo-composites
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EQUIPMENTS TO BE USED:

CBR APPARATUS

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REFERENCES:
Behaviour of stone columns in fine sand with clay

by K.V.Sudheer et.al, Arvee Sujil Johnson et.al,

N.Unnikrishnan et.al.
Experimental and theoretical evaluation of stone

column in soft clay by A.P.Ambily et.al, S.R.Gandhi et.al.

A parametric study of behaviour of granular piles

by B.R.Phanikumar et.al, Irfan Alam et.al, Sukamal Das et.al.

Soil improvement by reinforced stone columns

based on experimental work by Hamed Niroumand

et.al, Khairul Anuar Kassim et.al, Chong Siaw Yah et.al.
Improvement of bearing capacity of soft soil using

stone column with and without encasement of

geosynthetics by Kameshwar Rao Tallapragada et.al,
Golati Y.S et.al, Ashwini S Zade et.al.
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thank you..!
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Queries????

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