ANATOMY OF

ORBIT

Bony orbit
Shape - Quadrilateral

pyramid (Pear shape).

Base directed forwards,

laterally & slightly

downwards.
Apex- Between the optic

foramen and superior

orbital fissure.
Dr Yati Gothwal

Coronal CT of head
Orbit lies:
Inferior to
cranial cavity
Above to

maxillary sinus

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Dr Yati Gothwal

Horizontal CT of head
Orbit lies:
Lateral to nasal
cavity and Para
nasal sinuses
Medial to infratemporal fossa
Eyeball is ori

Orbits are angled

450 outward
Dr Yati Gothwal

Horizontal CT of head
Orbit lies:
Lateral to nasal
cavity and Para
nasal sinuses
Medial to infratemporal fossa
Eyeball is oriented

anterio- posteriorly
Orbits are angled
450 outward
Dr Yati Gothwal

Adult orbital dimensions

Volume- 30cc
Height- 35mm
Width- 40mm
Distance from posterior globe to optic foramen-

18mm
Length of orbital segment of optic nerve- 25-30mm
Dr Yati Gothwal

Bony orbit 1. Frontal

2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. .
6. .
7. .

Dr Yati Gothwal

Bony orbit 1. Frontal

2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. Sphenoid
6. Palatine
7. Ethmoid

Dr Yati Gothwal

Bony orbit 1. Frontal

2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. Sphenoid
6. Palatine
7. Ethmoid

Dr Yati Gothwal

Bony orbit 1. Frontal

2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. Sphenoid
6. Palatine
7. Ethmoid

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbit applied anatomy Roof:

Shape-Triangular
Bones- orbital plate of Frontal bone &
Lesser wing of wing of Sphenoid bone
LandmarksLacrimal fossa- Fossa for lacrimal Gland
Bounded below by zygomaticofrontal
suture
Dr Yati Gothwal

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The Foveasmall depression for trochlea of superior oblique

muscle
Close to frontolacrimal suture
Relation -Frontal sinus, frontal lobe
Applied anatomy-frontal sinus mucocele
causes proptosis, Frontal headache
Dr Yati Gothwal

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ROOF
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbit applied anatomy Medial wall: thinnest

Bones1. Frontal process of maxilla
2. Orbital plate of ethmoid
3. Body of the sphenoid
4. Lacrimal bone
LandmarksLamina papyracea- orbital plate of ethmoid
Covers ethmoid sinus
Frequently fractured

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Lacrimal fossa- fossa for lacrimal sac

Formed by frontal process of maxilla & lacrimal
bone
Relation : Ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity
Applied anatomy: Thinnest wall
Infection causes orbital cellulitis
Ethmoidal Mucocele causes proptosis
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbit applied anatomy Floor: Triangular shape

Bones1. Orbital plate of maxilla
2. Orbital surface of Zygomatic bone
3. Orbital process of Palatine bones
Relation : Maxillary sinus, Infra-orbital nerve
Applied anatomy: growth from Maxillary sinus
blow out fracture,
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbit applied anatomy Lateral wall:

Thickest & strongest wall
Triangular shape
Bones1. Greater wing of sphenoid
2. Orbital surface of zygomatic bone

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Lateral orbital tubercle of whitnallElevation on orbital surface of zygomatic bone

Gives attachment to Check ligament of lateral rectus
Lateral canthal ligament
Suspensory ligament of eye ball
Relation : Temporal fossa,
Lacrimal fossa
Applied anatomy: Smallest wall- easy surgical
approach
Dr Yati Gothwal

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FLOOR
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Apex of Bony orbit - Extra ocular muscles origin

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Ape
x of
Orbi
t

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Intracranial Structures
Passes into orbit through
1. Superior orbital fissure
Between greater and lesser
wings of sphenoid
2. Inferior orbital fissure
Lies between orbit floor
and lateral wall of orbit,
Formed by sphenoid, maxillary & palatine

3. Optic foramen
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Intracranial Structures
Passes into orbit through
3. Optic foramen
(optic canal)
Bounded by two roots of
lesser wing of sphenoid

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Passages from
Cranium to Orbit
1. Superior orbital fissure :

Between greater and lesser wings of

sphenoid
2. Inferior orbital fissure : Lies between

orbit floor and lateral wall of orbit,

formed by sphenoid, maxillary & palatine
3. Optic foramen (optic canal)

Bounded by two roots of lesser wing

of sphenoid

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Passages from
Cranium to Orbit
1. Superior orbital fissure :

Between greater and lesser wings of

sphenoid
2. Inferior orbital fissure : Lies between

orbit floor and lateral wall of orbit,

formed by sphenoid, maxillary & palatine
3. Optic foramen (optic canal)

Bounded by two roots of lesser wing

of sphenoid

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Superior orbital fissure

Superior rectus
Superior Oblique
Levator palpebrae sup.

Medial rectus
Lateral rectus

Inferior rectus

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Superior orbital fissure

Superior rectus
Superior Oblique

Lacrimal n.

Levator palpebrae sup.

Frontal n.
Trochlear n.

Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Sup. Division of III n.
Abducent n.

Nasociliary n.
Inferior. Division of III n.
Inferior rectus

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Superior orbital fissure

Superior rectus
Superior Oblique

Lacrimal n.

Levator palpebrae sup.

Frontal n.
Trochlear n.

Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Sup. Division of III n.
Abducent n.

Nasociliary n.
Inferior. Division of III n.
Inferior rectus

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Superior orbital fissure

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein

Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein

Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein

Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup. division of Ophthalmic n.
Naso ciliary n.
Abducent n.
Inf. division of Ophthalmic n.
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup. division of Ophthalmic n.
Naso ciliary n.
Abducent n.
Inf. division of Ophthalmic n.
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Superior
Above : Orbital fissure
Intracranial
passes into orbit
Lacrimalstructures
n.
Frontal n.
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup. division of Ophthalmic n.
Naso ciliary n.
Abducent n.
Inf. division of Ophthalmic n.
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Superior orbital fissure

Intracranial structures passes into orbit
Above annulus of Zinn :
Lacrimal nerve.
Frontal nerve.
Trochlear nerve Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup.division of ophthalmic nerve.
Naso ciliary nerve.
Abducent nerve.
Inferior division of ophthalmic nerve.
Below: annulus of Zinn
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Nerves passes through-Superior

orbital fissure
Light

Lacrimal n.
From
Frontal n.
The
Trochlear n.
Sun
Superior ophthalmic n.
Nourishes
Naso ciliary n.
All Abducent n.
Individuals Inferior ophthalmic n.
Light From The Sun Nourishes All
Individuals
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Intracranial structures
passes into orbit through
Inferior orbital fissure
1. Maxillary division of V Cranial
nerve
2. Zygomatic nerve
Optic foramen
1. Optic nerve
2. Ophthalmic artery
3. Sympathetic nerve
Dr Yati Gothwal

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Bony orbit - Orbital spaces

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbital spaces

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbital spaces
Sub periosteal space :
Between bones of orbit
and periostium
Peripheral orbital space :
Between periostium and
Extra Ocular Muscles
Central space: Within EOM
Tenons capsule : Around
eye ball

SAIMS

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Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbital spaces

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbital spaces
Sub periosteal space :
Between bones of orbit
and periosteum

Tenons capsule : Around

eye ball

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbital spaces

Dr Yati Gothwal

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Orbital spaces
Peripheral orbital space :
Between periosteum and
Extra ocular muscles
Central space: Within
Extra ocular muscles

SAIMS

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Dr Yati Gothwal

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Thank You
Keep Smiling

Dr Yati Gothwal

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