A Presentation on

Green Cloud & Environmental

Sustainability

By_ Akhlak Hossain

Introduction
Green Cloud Computing

A Cloud is a dynamic, internet optimized

infrastructure for hosting your application.
The term combines the words green -meaning environmentally friendly -- and
cloud, the traditional symbol for the
Internet and the shortened name for a
type of service delivery model known
ascloud computing.

Models of Cloud Computing

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS): A

wide range of application services

delivered via various business models
normally available as public offering.
Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS):

Application development platforms

provides authoring and runtime
environment.
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS):

Also known as elastic compute clouds,

enable virtual hardware for various uses.

Summary of Models

Detailed Analysis: IaaS

Energy
Consumption of
Public Cloud

Energy
Consumption
of Private

Detailed Analysis:
IaaS(contd.)

The power consumption of the public cloud storage is service is about

2.5 times that of the power consumption of the private cloud storage
service, at medium and high download rates, due primarily to the
increased energy consumption in transport.

Detailed Analysis: SaaS

Energy
Consumption of
Public Cloud

Energy
Consumption of
Private Cloud

Detailed Analysis:
SaaS(contd.)

As, the frame rate increases the power consumption of the public cloud service
with 20 users per server approaches and then exceeds the power consumption of
the midrange PC.

Detailed Analysis: PaaS

Energy
Consumption of
Public Cloud

Energy
Consumption
of Private

Detailed Analysis:
PaaS(contd.)

Users with older generation computing equipment could achieve significant energy
savings as well as increased computational capability by moving to a combination of
a modern low-end laptop and cloud computing.

Summary of the Analysis

Benefits of Cloud
Computing

Bad Impact on society

Gartner Report 2007: IT industry contributes 2%
of world's total CO2 emissions
U.S. EPA Report 2007: 1.5% of total U.S. power
consumption used by data centers which has more
than doubled since 2000 and costs $4.5 billion

Power Consumption in a
Datacenter
Compute
resources and
particularly servers
are at the heart of a
complex, evolving
system.

Clouds Impact on the Environment

Data centres are not only expensive to

maintain, but also unfriendly to the
environment.

Carbon emission due to Data Centres worldwide is

now more than both Argentina and the Netherlands
emission.
High energy costs and huge carbon footprints are
incurred due to the massive amount of electricity
needed to power and cool the numerous servers
hosted in these data centres.

Green Cloud: performance = energy efficiency

As energy costs are increasing, there is a

need to shift focus from optimising data
centre resource management for pure
performance alone to optimising for energy
efficiency while maintaining high service level
performance.
We propose Green Cloud computing model
that achieves not only efficient processing
and utilisation of computing infrastructure,
but also minimise energy consumption.

Datacenter Architecture

Recent findings
Workload diversification: Because many different sorts of users will be

availing themselves of diverse cloud resources different applications,

different feature set preferences and different usage volumes this will
improve hardware utilization and therefore make better use of power
that is being used anyway to keep a server up and running.
Power-management flexibility: It is easier to manage virtual servers

than physical servers from a power perspective. If hardware fails, the

load can automatically be deployed elsewhere. Likewise, in theory, all
virtual loads could be moved to certain servers when loads are light
and power-down or idle those that are not being used.
Recent implementation of cloud computing - virtualization at a

Canadian non-profit, Earth Rangers, demonstrated their ability to

replace 4 racks of servers with rack of servers and rack of storage
for their entire IT Operation.

Conclusion
Clouds are essentially Data Centres hosting application
services offered on a subscription basis. However, they
consume high energy to maintain their operations.
High operational cost + environmental impact
Presented a Carbon Aware Green Cloud Framework to improve
the carbon footprint of Cloud computing
Issues:
Lots of research to be carried out
Maximizing Efficiency of Green Data Centers
Developing Regions to benefit the most