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This document discusses phases in alloys, including solid solutions. It defines substitutional and interstitial solid solutions based on how the solute atoms occupy sites in the solvent crystal lattice. Substitutional solutions occur when solute atoms replace solvent atoms on lattice sites. Interstitial solutions form when small solute atoms fit into spaces between the solvent atoms. Factors like atomic size, valency, crystal structure, and temperature affect whether an alloy forms a substitutional or interstitial solid solution. Precipitates can form when an alloying element is added in excess of the solid solution's solubility limit.
This document discusses phases in alloys, including solid solutions. It defines substitutional and interstitial solid solutions based on how the solute atoms occupy sites in the solvent crystal lattice. Substitutional solutions occur when solute atoms replace solvent atoms on lattice sites. Interstitial solutions form when small solute atoms fit into spaces between the solvent atoms. Factors like atomic size, valency, crystal structure, and temperature affect whether an alloy forms a substitutional or interstitial solid solution. Precipitates can form when an alloying element is added in excess of the solid solution's solubility limit.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Verfügbare Formate
Als PPT, PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
This document discusses phases in alloys, including solid solutions. It defines substitutional and interstitial solid solutions based on how the solute atoms occupy sites in the solvent crystal lattice. Substitutional solutions occur when solute atoms replace solvent atoms on lattice sites. Interstitial solutions form when small solute atoms fit into spaces between the solvent atoms. Factors like atomic size, valency, crystal structure, and temperature affect whether an alloy forms a substitutional or interstitial solid solution. Precipitates can form when an alloying element is added in excess of the solid solution's solubility limit.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Verfügbare Formate
Als PPT, PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
V Metals, combination of metals, usually created in liquid state, but in solid state called mechanical mixtures, V The largest proportion V ?
called base metals, the
other element called
alloying element a
a
a V jormed when two or V Depending upon the more elements are type of the places completely insoluble occupied by the in the solid state, exp: solute, solid solution lead and iron can be either substitutional or interstitial. V Substitutional V Interstitial According to Interstitial solid the Hume-Rothery solution is formed Rules, solvent and when atom of small solute atoms must atomic radii fit into differ in atomic the empty spaces or size by less than 15% interstices of the in order to form this lattice structure type of solution.
Substitutional alloy Interstitial alloy
V Relative size factor V Chemical affinity factor: The farther apart the elements are in periodic table, the greater is their chemical affinity
V Relative valency factor: V Crystal structure factor:
A metal of higher Metals having same valance can dissolve crystal structure will only a small amount of have greater solid a lower valance metal, solubility while the lower valance metal may have good solubility for the higher valance metal V In ideal subtitutional V These regular solid solution solute arrangements of atoms and solvent atoms are are called ´? randomly distributed or ´ on lattice sites, at
elevated temperatures there is a random distribution of solute and solvent atoms, during slow cooling the atoms begin to take up preferred positions, and the solution become ordered ?hether two elements will V Density of the alloy form a substitutional or an interstitial solid solution can Mathematically: be predicted by , or by the
of the following quantities:
?here: Then Density =
ǒ (rho) is the atoms Density, ?eight of atoms/cells is the Mass, is the Volume. Volume of unit cell Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Atom-prove Field Ion Microscope (APFIM) V jormed when there is an excess of an alloying element added to a base metal in a solid solution. V It is present within the solid solution. A solid solution of copper V Different structure and and arsenic properties to the solid solution. V Can either be a compound or an intermediate solid solution.