Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
60 f
ns
p
E 4.44 N f f
iexcit
ns
600
500
428.5 375
10
333.3 300
Alternador trifsico
+A
-B
120
-C
N
S
240
+B
+C
-A
u1 t U 1 sen t Eo sen t
Alternador
I
Carga
Tensi
uC(t)
uB(t)
uA(t)
Umax
120
Pelect
EstatorNeutro
I
3
60
120
240
180
300
360
0
I
IR
Pmec
Anillos
Excitatriz
Mquina
motriz
Diagrama temporal
Rotor
Restato
de campo
u1 t U 1 sen t Eo sen t
N r (rpm)
60 f
p
Turboalternador
2p = 2 polos
D/l < 1
Alta velocidad Turbinas de vapor
D
Mquina sncrona de
polos salientes.
Hidroalternadores
2p > 2 polos
l
N rpm
60 f
p
D/l > 1
E U RI j Xs I
U cos R I 2 U sen X s I 2
E U
100
U
Potencia
E U
S 3 U I * 3 U
jX s
E U
j Xs
3 EU
3 U 2
90
90
Xs
Xs
3 E U
3 U 2
cos 90 j sin 90 j
S
Xs
Xs
E U
3 E U
U2
P jQ
sin j 3
cos
Xs
Xs
Xs
3 E U
P
sin
Xs
3 E U
3 U 2
Q
cos
Xs
Xs
3 E U
P
sin
Xs
3 E U
3 U 2
Q
cos
Xs
Xs
E1
Pm
E2 > E1
mxima terica
mxima real
E2
3 E U
3 E U
sin 90
Xs
Xs
3 E U
3 E U
sin 60 0.866
0.866 P
mxima
Xs
Xs
terica
Caracterstica externa
E
U cos R I 2 U sen X s I 2
I (A)
2036.8
200
2036.8
E (V)
720 25.85
572.8 44.29
366.7 62.73
U cos R I
P (W)
Q (var)
19200
-14400
25.85
24000
44.29
19200
14400
62.73
U sen X s I
3 E U
sin
Xs
3 E U
3 U 2
Q
cos
Xs
Xs
L2
L0
N2
L
m
N2
Lmax
min
N2
Lmin
max
L L0 L2 cos 2 er
Lmax Lmin
L0
2
Lmax Lmin
L2
2
E U R I j X d Id
I Id Iq
j Xq I q
S 3 U I *
U E
3 2
S 3
sin U
Xd
2
U E
j 3
cos
Xd
1
Xq
sin
2
3 U
X
q
U E
3 2
P 3
sin U
Xd
2
1
Xq
P
U E
3 U2
M 3
sin
X d
2
1
sin2
X d
cos 2
Xd
1
sin2
X d
1
Xq
1
sin2
X d
M ( ) 117.2gsin( ) 134.7gsin(2 )
E U RI j Xs I
U E RI j Xs I
3 E U
P
sin
Xs
3 E U
3 U 2
Q
cos
Xs
Xs
P 3 E U
M
sin
s s X s
Caracterstica mecnica
f
X Xn
f
fn
U Un
f
fn
E En
f n
60 f
ns
p
f
X Xn
f
fn
U Un
f
fn
E En
f n
60 f
ns
p
150 A
Z X R 16 0.2 16
Z
16
X ' R 4 0.2 4
2
E ' 600
150 A
Z'
4
600 542.5kJ
275
1
W 542.5 33.9
2
60
W J 2
T
37.7 s
2
2
P
13
.
5
1 275 2 150 33.9kJ
2
60
P 3 V I cos 3 R I 2
6000000 3 11000 I 0.9 I N 349.9 25.84 A
Corriente y factor de potencia si arrastramos una carga que supone un par igual a del nominal,
girando a 1500 rpm y con la corriente de excitacin nominal.
Par y corriente de excitacin necesaria para frenar con corriente nominal, factor de potencia 1 y girando a
1500 rpm.
U=6350 V, f = 75 Hz.
B(alfa)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Par(alfa)
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400