Index

- A Land of Monuments

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Classification of Historical
Monuments

Index

A historical monument is
not necessarily a fort or
a tomb.
temple

It may be a temple, a
mosque, or cave, a
minaret , a memorial
or a pillar.
mosque

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cave

memorial

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minaret

pillar
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Forts

Index

Many of the rulers were great patrons of art and

architecture. They built amazing buildings and forts which
reflected high skills and excellence.
Eg:- Agra Fort, Red fort, Jaisalmer fort, Taragarh fort,
Gwalior fort, Chittorgarh fort, Golconda fort, Purana
Quila, Junagarh fort, Amber fort, Lal Quila.

AGRA FORT

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RED FORT

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jaisalmer fort

TARAGARH FORT

GWALIOR FORT

CHITTORGARH FORT

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GOLCONDA FORT

JUNAGARH
FORT
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PURANA QILA

AMBER FORT
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LAL QUILA

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Index

Religious Monuments.
Besides the forts we have many religious
monuments. So, lets learn about them.

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Religious monument

Index

The Meenakshi temple in

Madurai was built by the
Pandayan King.

The world famous Konark

Sun Temple was built by
King Narasihmadev I of
Ganga dynasty, around
13th century to celebrate
his victory over the
Muslims
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The Golden Temple in Punjab

was built in 1574 A.D.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh had the
upper half of the the building
built with 400kg of gold leaf.

Stupas are dome-shaped

sacred monuments to the
Buddhists and contain
religious relics and texts.
Sanchi Stupa in Madhya
Pradesh, built by Emperor
Ashoka is one such example.

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Index

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Jama Masjid in Delhi was built

in 1658 by Emperor Shah
Jahan. It is the largest mosque
in India.

Santa Cruz Basilica in Kochi is

considered to be the oldest
church in India. Celebrations
for its 500th anniversary are
on, and will go on throughout
the year.

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Caves

AJANTA CAVES

Index

ELLORA
CAVES

The caves of Ajanta and Ellora in Maharashtra, is an

outstanding piece of sculpture in our country. The
Ajanata caves were built during 4th century and the Ellora
caves were built during 7th century.
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Minarets

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Index

In 1199, Qutub Minar was raised

by the slave dynasty emperor
Qutub ud din Aibak. Before it
could be finished, he died and so
the construction of the minaret
was completed by his son-in-law,
Iltutmish.

Vijay Stambha was built between

1442 1449 by Maharana
Kumbha after his victory over
Muslim ruler of Malwa and
Gujarat.

Char Minar is an impressive

mosque built by Mohammad Quli
Shah in 1591 to memorialize the
eradication of the dreaded plague
as per the legend.

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Mausoleums.

Index

Mausoleums are tombs with burial

chambers in it. e.g Sikandra, Humayuns
tomb, Taj Mahal.

Akbars Tomb at SIKANDRA

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HUMAYUNS
TOMB

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THE TAJ MAHAL

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Monuments shows scientific

Advancement.
Index

Jantar Mantar - This largest stone observatory in the

world has a very interesting story behind its construction.

Sawai Jai Singh, the founder of five observatories in India
including this one, was a great admirer of developments
in science and technology, especially astronomy. Situated
near the gate of the City Palace, the observatory has 18
large instruments, many of them still in working condition.

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Hawa Mahal

Index

Strange though it may seem, this most famous landmark of

Jaipur is not actually a palace but a series of sandstone
screens. This pink structure was constructed so that the
ladies of the palace could watch the royal processions
without being seen by any outsider. This sandstone edifice
was named Palace of Winds after the many brass wind
vanes that adorned it until 1960s.

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BAOLIS

Index

India's stepwells baoli or baori, , the names vary from one place to another
- are huge water reservoirs, dug into the ground in ledges. They have a series
of steps in one or more of its walls, that access the stored water. Some even
have a ramp for cattle. This brilliant concept, born out of exclusively practical
reasons, allows, not only a more efficient use with any level of water, but also
an easier maintenance of the well itself. It is thought that the stepwells
appeared around 800 years ago, in west India and in Pakistan, although
some argue that they are even older. They slowly took the place of ordinary
water storage systems and became pretty common, especially in dry
climates. With time, their role began to change and they became richer,
extending beyond purely functional purposes. During the hot Indian summer,
for instance, they became gathering places, where people could peacefully
enjoy the shade and freshness.

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Index

It is a big task to take care of these historical

monuments in India. ASI (Archeological Survey
of India) along with many other NGOs, does
that.
We must also do our own bit to take care of
these monuments.

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