Cell as life smallest unit

By: Vita Mustika

What it is?

Sel selaput penyusun umbi

bawang bombay (Allium
cepa).

How about this??

Amoeba sp.

In Animal Body

Animal

tissue

cell

Cell as life smallest unit

Amoeba is organism uniselluler, size
of cell (300 m)
Amoeba can do it every function in
living, example: reproduction dan
growing
Another example: bacteria,
Escherichia colli

 Cell of Allium cepa can not do it

every function of living
Allium cepa has many different cell in
body as like as human and animal.
every cell has different function.
Example : epitel cell, neuron cell

Introducing of cell
History of cell
Cell prokaryotes
Cell eukaryotes
Cell chemical component
Structure and Function cell

History of Cell
Galileo Galilei (Awal
abad17)
Melalui mikroskop
ciptaannya yang
bernama mikroskop
Galileo ia
merupakan orang
pertama yang
mencatat hasil
pengamatan biologi
melalui mikroskop

 Robert Hook
(1635-1703)
melihat gambaran
suatu sayatan
tipis gabus suatu
kompartemen
atau ruang-ruang
disebut dengan
nama Latin
cellulae (ruangan
kecil)
Asal mula nama
sel

 Anton van
Leeuwenhoek
(October 24,
1632 - August
26, 1723)
Menggunakan
lensa-lensa
untuk melihat
beragam
protista,
spermatozoa,
bakteri

 Robert Brown (17731858 )

Pada tahun 1820
merancang lensa yang
dapat lebih fokus
untuk mengamati sel
Mengamati adanya
adanya titik buram
yang selalu ada pada
sel telur, sel polen, sel
dari jaringan anggrek
yang sedang tumbuh
Titik buram disebut
sebagai nukleus

 Matthias Jakob
Schleiden
Pada tahun 1838
berpendapat
bahwa ada
hubungan yang
erat antara
nukleus dan
perkembangan sel

Theodor Schwann (1810-1883)

Sel adalah bagian dari
organisme

Cell Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes derived
from the Greek word
karyon meaning
kernel (nucleus)
prokaryotes means
before a nucleus
Their DNA is not
organize into
chromosomes
Ex: bacteria

Cell Prokaryotes
Size of cell relative smallest ( 0,5-1
m)
DNA indirectly relate to cytoplasma
cell bounded by plasma membrane,
wall outside cell complex, pili,
sometimes has flagela

Cell eukaryotes
Eokaryotes means
with a nuclues, or
true nucleus
The DNA is located in
chromosomes which
are in a nucleus
bounded by a double
membrane calledthe
nuclear envelope
Ex: plant cell and
animal cell

Cell eukaryotes
Size of cell usually big ( 10-100 m)
Inside cell has organel part in very
complex with organel envelopped
membrane and organel is not
envelopped membrane
Organel with envelope membrane are
endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus,
mitochondria
Organel without envelope membrane
are ribosome,sentriol, microtubul

Cell chemical component

Cell contain water, mineral salt,
proteins, lipids, nucleic acids,
carbohydrates.
Chemical component of cell divided
into 2, there are:
Organic component
Anorganic component

Anorganic component
Water
consist of Carbon ( C ) and hydrogen
( H ),
Mineral salt
Consist of K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, etc.

Organic component

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acid

Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are compounds that
contain carbon combine with
hydrogen and oxygen. Carbohydrates
has monomers are monosaccharides
and polymers are polysaccharides.
monosaccharides are simplest
carbohydrates (CHO).

Monosaccharides

Disaccharides

 Example : Glyceraldehide, glucose,

fructose, ribose, mannose, galactose
Two monosaccharides are called
disaccharides.
Example: sucrose, maltose, lactose
Two ore more disaccharides are
called polysaccharides.
Example: sugar

Proteins
The molecular monomers are
nitrogen- containing molecules
known as amino acids
In protoplasma, proteins divided into
two category, there are: structural
protein and dinamic protein

Structural protein
Structural protein is protoplasma
structure component in inside cell
and outside cell
Example inside cell are tubulin in
microtubula, some proteins in plasma
membrane

Dinamic protein
Dinamic protein in to inside and
outside metabolism cell, hormonal
proteins
Example: tirosin, insulin,
eritroprotein, another proteins
without structure

Lipids
They have two characteristic:
1. Generally, hydrophobic
2. contain a large number of carbon
hydrogens bonds. So, release a
larger amount of energy in oxidation
than other organic compounds.

 Lipids usually in membrane plasma

Function of Lipids is food reserve as
sources energy
Example of lipids in protoplasma are
lipids acid, phospolipids, steroid,
glikolipids.

Nucleic acids
There are two types of nucleic acids:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA
(ribosenucleic acid)
DNA is the molecule in which the
genetic information is stored
RNA serves as a translator and
transmitter of the genetic
information.

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION CELL

Plasma Membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasma

Plasma Membrane
Contain of 50%
lipids and 50%
proteins
They function is
the transport of
substances into
and out of
protoplasma

Nucleus
Function of nucleus
is the store
information genetic

Cytoplasma
Function of
sitoplasma is liquid
in cell

 Organela sel yang terdapat pada

sitoplasma adalah.
a. ribosom, mitokondria, dan vakuola
b. mitokondria, membrane sel, dan
sentriol
c. intisel, dinding sel, dan vakuola
d. mitokondria, nucleus, dan selaput
plasma

 Sel bakteri berbeda dengan sel hewan

karena.
a. tidak memiliki membrane inti dan
organel yang kompleks
b. mempunyai dinding sel dan
membrane inti
c. memiliki vakuola besar dan inti
d. tidak memiliki membrane inti dn
dinding sel

 Pehatikan table berikut ini :

Pernyatan yang sesuai tentang bagian sel

dengan fungsinya.
a. 1 dan B
b. 2 dan C
c. 3 dan A
d. 4 dan D