Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
AND
STUDY OF PROCESS PARAMETERS
Mechanism of AJM
Fine particles are accelerated in
gas stream .
The particles are directed towards
the focus of machining.
As the particle impacts the surface,
it causes a small fracture, and the
gas stream carries both the
abrasive particles and the
fractured (wear) particles away.
Conventional
Abrasive Jet Machine
Compressor
Constructional Details
Equipments involved in the construction of the
Abrasive Jet Machine are as follows
1. COMPRESSOR
2. VIBRATOR
3. MIXING CHAMBER
4. NOZZLE
5. MACHINE TABLE
6. PRESSURE GAUGE & REGULATOR
Process Parameters
The variables that influence the rate of metal removal are as follows :
1.Carrier Gas :
2.Abrasive :
3.Velocity of abrasive :
The jet velocity is a function of nozzle pressure & design.
The range of jet velocity is 150-300 m/min
4. Work Material :
It is recommended for processing of brittle material
Gas Pressure
(Kgf/cm2)
18
21
23
26
20
mg/min
25
Gas Pressure Kgf/cm2
15
10
5
0
1
Pressure (Kgf/cm2)
Diameter of Cut
(mm)
0.79
0.46
5.00
0.64
10.01
1.5
14.99
2.01
Block Diagram of
Fabricated Abrasive Jet Machine
Air
Hopper
Compressor
Regulating
Valve
Mixing Chamber
Nozzle
Photograph of
Fabricated Abrasive Jet Machine
Experimental Procedure:
Glass was used as a test specimen, was cut into square and
rectangular shape for machining on AJM.
Specimens were cleaned using air jet and weighed on a sensitive
scale, accurate to 0.001 gram .
Each test sample was placed on the work chamber and machined
by abrasive jet machine by varying various process parameters
The machine work piece was then removed, cleaned and
weighed again to determine the amount of material removed
from the work piece.
The size of hole at the top surface and bottom surface was
measured and the results were tabulated.
Experimental Details:
Experiment No:1- NTD Vs Diameter of Hole
Observation 1.1
1
NTD=6
2
NTD=12
3
NTD=15
4
NTD=18
Thickness of material = 4 mm
Observation Table
Pressure = 5.5 Kgf/cm2
Top Surface
Dia
(mm)
Bottom Surface
Dia
(mm)
7.05
4.51
12
8.72
5.05
15
11.21
5.33
18
11.65
6.65
12
11
10
Dia
Of
Hole
(mm)
NTD (m m)
Graph
S.No.
9
8
7
6
5
4
6
10
12
14
16
18
NTD (mm)
Fig 1.1.2. Shows the graph of Diameter of Hole vs. Nozzle Tip Distance
Observation Table
Pressure = 6.5 Kgf/cm2
S.No.
7.55
4.55
12
9.75
5.65
15
11.15
5.91
18
11.75
6.05
Graph
Top Surface Dia.
Bottom Surface Dia.
12
11
10
N TD (m m )
Dia
Of
Hole
(mm)
9
8
7
6
5
4
6
10
12
14
16
18
NTD (mm)
Observation Table
Pressure = 8 Kgf/cm2
S.No.
7.72
5.05
12
9.95
5.75
15
11.45
5.96
18
11.81
6.75
Graph
Dia
Of
Hole
(mm)
N TD (m m )
10
9
8
7
6
5
6
10
12
14
16
18
NTD (mm)
Fig 2.1.2 Machined work piece for determination of MRR at Pr.=6.5 kgf/cm2
Pressure 6.5 kgf/cm2
Initial weight = 141.200 gm
Final Weight = 141.130 gm
Time = 20 sec
Thickness = 8mm
MRR = 210 mg/min
Observation Table
Thickness = 8 mm, NTD = 12 mm
S.No.
Pressure
kgf/cm2
Initial Weight
(gm)
Final Weight
(gm)
Time
(sec)
MRR
(mg/min)
5.5
140.190
140.150
20
120
6.5
141.200
161.130
20
210
7.5
137.530
137.370
20
400
Graph
400
350
MRR (mg/min)
300
250
200
150
100
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
Pressure (Kgf/cm )
Fig. 2.2.1 Machined work piece for determination of MRR at Pr.=5.5 kgf/cm2
Pressure 5.5 kgf/cm2
Initial weight = 206.600gm
Weight = 206.570 gm
Time = 20 sec
Thickness = 12 mm
MRR = 90 mg/min
Fig 2.2.3 Machined work piece for determination of MRR at Pr.=7.5 kgf/cm2
Pressure 7.5 kgf/cm2
Initial weight = 201.750 gm
Final Weight = 201.590 gm
Time = 20 sec
Thickness = 12mm
MRR = 480mg/min
Observation Table
Thickness = 12 mm, NTD = 12 mm
S.No.
Pressure
kgf/cm2
Initial Weight
(gm)
Final Weight
(gm)
Time
(sec)
MRR
(mg/min)
5.5
206.600
206.570
20
90
6.5
207.130
207.059
20
213
7.5
201.750
201.590
20
480
Graph
550
500
M R R m g /m in
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
5.5
6.0
6.5
Pressure Kgf/cm
7.0
2
7.5
Conclusion:
Abrasive Jet Machine was fabricated with following specification:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Diameter of nozzle = 3 mm
Type of abrasive particle aluminum oxide (AlO2)
Pressure range 5 to 8 kgf/cm2
Carrier gas used Dry air
References
M. Roopa Rani and S. Seshan Abrasive Jet Machining-Process Variables and Current
ApplicationMetals Materials and Process,1995 Vol.7 No.4,pp 279-290.
P K Ray and Dr A K Paul, Some Studies on Abrasive Jet Machining Journal of the Institution of
Engineers (India) vol 68 part PE 2 November 1987
Alok K.Verma, Cheng Y. Lin Associate Professor ,Engineering Technology Dept. Old Dominion
University Norfolk, Virginia Parametric Study of the Efficacy of Cutting Process in Abrasive Jet
Machining (AJM)
P. C. Pandey & H.S. Shan , Modern Machining Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company , Edition :
1980
Maleev & Hartman Machine Design edited by O. P. Grover CBS Publishing & Distributor
Amitabh Ghosh & Ashok Kumar Malik Manufacturing Process East West Press Private Limited
,New Delhi, Edition 1995
THANKS