POLIVINYL CHLORIDE

Maharani Suci
1306370846
Pratiwi Rostiningtyas 1306370833

INTRODUCTION

POLIVINYL CHLORIDE
Nama IUPAC : Polivinil Klorida
Nama Trivial : PVC

USES

konstruksi bangunan
mainan anak-anak
pipa PVC (paralon)
meja
lemari
piringan hitam
beberapa komponen mobil
selang plastik
isolasi listrik
atap

DEMAND SUPPLY GLOBAL

A CLOSER LOOK AT THE

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

CHARACTERISTIC
Sifat Fisik

Termoplas
Keras dan kaku
Beberapa memiliki sifat
fleksibel
Tahan serta kedap terhadap
minyak dan bahan organik
Terdekomposisi pada suhu
140-200oC
Stabil pada suhu kamar (25oC)
Titik leleh (160-180oC)
Densitas : 1.32-1.42 g/cc

Sifat Kimia

Senyawa polar karena terdapat

gugus dipol C-Cl
Stabil karena memiliki ikatan
jenuh (tidak rangkap)

RESISTANCE TO CHEMICALS
Dilute Acid

Very good

Dilute Alkalis

Very good

Oils and greases

Good (variable)

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Very good

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Poor

Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Moderate
(variable)

Alcohols

Good (variable)

PVC is..
very durable and long lasting construction material
can be used in a variety of applications, either rigid or
flexible, white or black and a wide range of colours in
between
thermoplast
toughness, strength.
ease of blending, ease of processing
flame resistant and fire prevention properties
excellent electrical insulation properties
impact strength and resistant to bad weather
conditions (i.e. it does not corrode and is very durable)
resistance to grease, oil and chemicals
chemically stable and does not de-polymerize

Structure
3D Structure

Lewis Structure

PVC Formula

MECHANISM OF REACTION

PROCESS
The production of PVC
involves several stages:
a) ethene is converted into
1,2-dichloroethane
b) 1,2-dichloroethane is
cracked to chloroethene
(vinyl chloride)
c) polymerization of
chloroethene (vinyl chloride)

POLYMERIZATION
This is an example of addition polymerization . PVC is made by
free-radical polymerization in suspension. The monomer (bp 259
K) is polymerized in aqueous dispersion at 325-350 K. Pressure
(13 atm) is used to keep the monomer in a liquid phase. For
polymerization to be controlled, an initiator is needed.
In suspension polymerization an initiator, an organic peroxide is
used, which is soluble in chloroethene. After the reaction, excess
monomer is removed and the polymer is separated, by
centrifuging and drying.
During polymerization, the polymer precipitates out as it is
formed, since it is insoluble in the monomer. It is used for the
extrusion, injection moulding and film-making processes.

Addition Reaction

Free radical vinyl polymerization :

-initiation
-propagation
-termination

REFERENCE

http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/21885/5/Chapter
%20I.pdf
http://www.bpf.co.uk/Press/PVC_Explained.aspx
http://www.chem-is-try.org/materi_kimia/kimia-polimer/bentuk-p
olimer-dalam-kehidupan/bentuk-polimer-plastik/
http://www.essentialchemicalindustry.org/polymers/polychloroeth
ene.html
http://www.lenntech.com/polyvinyl-chloride-pvc.htm
http://www.mpcfaculty.net/mark_bishop/addition_polymers.htm
R. W. Berg and A. Dopazo Otero: Analysis of Adipate Ester
Contents in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics by Means of FT-Raman
Spectroscopy. Vibrational Spectroscopy (Elsevier) 42, 222-225