DEVICE MANAGEMENT

Muhammad Faris Bin Zaharin

Ridzuan Bin Mohamed Seth
Nurul Farhan Binti Ruslan
Aida Noradilla Ahmad Tajudin

DEVICE MANAGEMENT
Within the computer, activating and controlling the peripheral

devices. In a desktop computer, the operating system

interacts with the device drivers for peripheral control. In very
small embedded systems, the device management routines
may be included within the OS.
Configuring and deploying applications to the computing
devices within an organization, such as desktop PCs, laptops
and mobile devices

DRIVERKERNEL INTERFACE
Drivers are distinct from the main part of the kernel.
The kernel makes calls to specific functions, drivers

implement them.
Drivers use kernel functions for:
Device allocation

Resource (e.g., memory) allocation

Scheduling
etc. (varies from OS to OS)

Example - UNIX Driver

open

Prepare dev for operation

close

No longer using the device

ioctl

Character dev specific info

read

Character dev input op

write

Character dev output op

strategy

Block dev input/output ops

select

Character dev check for data

stop

Discontinue a stream output op

Two Of The Fastest Device Available Today

For Desktop Computers Or Workstations
Used To Copy Files Into A Medium.

USB 3.0
The USB 3.0 the lasts version of USB has similar specification

to USB 2.0 but with many improvements and an alternative

implementation. The specification defines a physically spare
channel to carry USB 3.0 traffic.
USB 3.0 has transmission speeds of up to 5 Gbit/s which is 10
times faster than USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/s) before taking into
account that USB 3.0 is full duplex whereas USB 2.0 is half
duplex, giving USB 3.0 the potential total bandwidth if utilized
both ways to 20 times of USB 2.0

THUNDERBOLT
THUNDERBOLT (codenamed Light Peak) is a hardware interface that allows for

the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It uses the same

connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP). It was released in its finished state on
February 24, 2011.
Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into one serial
signal alongside a DC connection for electric power, transmitted over one
cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through
carious topologies.
Thunderbolt - This is 4x faster than USB 3 and will also offer twice
the throughput of USB 3.1

 Currently, though, Thunderbolt is available on limited PCs,

and only widely adopted by Apples recent iMacs and

MacBooks, including the 21.5in iMac used for testing.
Even with a standard external HDD, the differences can be
dramatic. LaCies Rugged drive is a portable device with a
standard 1TB 2.5in HDD, and when connected to our iMac via
USB 2, performance in the CrystalDiskMark benchmark was
less than impressive.

Faster drives
Very few devices are capable of pushing USB 3 or Thunderbolt to their limits.
While USB 3s theoretical 4.8Gbits/sec bandwidth translates into a potential
throughput of 612MB/sec, Thunderbolts claimed 10Gbits/sec promises
transfer speeds of up to 1,280MB/sec way beyond the capability of even
the fastest SSDs.
If speed is of the essence, it might be worth considering an external drive
that uses single or multiple SSDs. We tested Thunderbolt with LaCies
Thunderbolt-equipped Little Big Disk, which features two 120GB SSDs in a
striped RAID0 array.

For large files, Thunderbolt posted read speeds four times faster
than what it managed with the HDD, with significant improvement
in small-file transfer speeds, too.
Loading our test Crysis level took only 34 seconds half as long as
with the HDD while opening 1GB of photos in Photoshop was
seven seconds faster, taking only 12 seconds. Backing up a 5GB
folder of photos took 1min 32secs from the iMacs HDD, only a
little quicker than with the LaCie Rugged drive.
The iMacs HDD is the limiting factor here when we retested from
a RAM disk, the LaCie backed up the 5GB folder in a mere 26
seconds. Unless your main system drive is an SSD, writing files to
a superfast external disk or RAID array will be limited to the speed
of the slowest device in the chain.

CONCLUSION
In what we call the digital information age.The need for faster

data transfer is at paramount interest.That is because we

transfer tons of data daily and faster transfer means more job
efficiency.USB 3.0 and Thunderbolt are the two fastest devices
available for desktop computers and workstations to copy files
to a medium.These devices are the latest innovations in
communications technology.They both surpass the capabilities
of their predecessors.These devices can also be used to copy or
transfer files to an external hard drive for making back-up files.

 If youre planning on buying an affordable external HDD, moving from USB 2 to

USB 3 will bring noticeable improvement, especially if youre backing up larger

files, such as movies, music and photos. Moving from USB 3 to Thunderbolt wont
have much of an impact, however, and certainly not until you pay a premium for
SSD-equipped devices or spend megabucks on high-end disk arrays.
In either case, wed think long and hard before splashing out serious money:
unless youre an avid video producer who needs terabytes of data on a
permanent high-speed link, or are planning to offload your games collection
entirely to an external drive and cant wait a few extra seconds for games to
load, wed stick with the cheaper HDD-based devices.
And if you already have an HDD or two lying around, save your pennies and buy
a USB 3 hard drive caddy its a cheap and easy way to turn an old HDD into a
high-speed external drive.

Thank You