Wireless control of powered wheelchairs

with tongue motion using tongue drive

assistive technology(TDS)

What is TDS?
TONGUEOPERATED assistive technology for
people with severe disability to control their
environment

PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

Traumatic spinal cord injury

Paralysis

EXISTING ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES

Sip-and-Puff wheel chair
Joystick Controlled

Voice activated powered wheelchair

Head control

Why Tongue?...

MUSCLE fibers in tongue is similar to heart muscle fibers

LOW rate of Perceived Exertion
DIRECTLY connected to the brain
HIDDEN inside mouth will give a certain degree of privacy

BASIC PRINCIPLE
FRONT

BACK

MAGNET POSITION

LEFT

RIGHT

TRANSMITTER BLOCK DIAGRAM

Front

HALL SENSOR

Back

HALL SENSOR
MICROCONTROLLE
R
(AT89S52)

Left
Right

HALL SENSOR

HALL SENSOR

RF Transmitter

RECEIVER BLOCK DIAGRAM

Motor1
RF Receiver

MICROCONTROLLE
R
(P89V51RD2)

PROXIMITY
SENSOR

Motor Driver
Motor2

HARDWARE
SENSOR- Hall effect sensor

TRANSDUCER which varies its

output voltage in response to
changes in magnetic field
Input Voltage: 4.5V - 24V
Output is a digital voltage 0 and
0.3 V

Microcontroller(AT89S52)
8K Bytes of In-System Reprogrammable
Flash Memory.
256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
Eight Interrupt Sources

RF Transceiver
Its frequency is 433MHZ
It can transmit upto 100 meters
distance
HT12E is the Encoder
HT12D is the Decoder

H-BRIDGE DRIVER

L293
Bidirectional-H Bridge
driver
5V power supply is given

DC MOTORS
12V DC motors
USED 2 motors: Left and right
LEFT motor at rest and right in
motion turn vehicle left and vice versa
FOR forward and backward motion
both the motors are driven in same
direction with same speed

SOFTWARES
Keil Vision 3
Language : Embedded C
Flash Magic

APPLICATION AND FUTURE SCOPE

It empowers people with disability to achieve maximum independence at
home and in the community by enabling them to drive a power wheelchair
and control their environment in a smoother and more intuitive way.
Future scope of the project includes the ability to control various
household devices like TV, air-condition etc. Also the user can control
computers and mobile phones.

DISADVANTAGES
USERS should avoid inserting
ferromagnetic objects in their mouth.
MAGNETIC tracer should be removed if
the user is undergoing MRI.

CHALLENGES
We have faces a number of challenges in
this project and also learned a number of
new terms and microcontroller terminology.
Hall sensor output voltage was not
enough to activate a microcontroller pin.
Back E.M.F produced by motors.
Exact Positioning of sensors.
Turning the vehicle Left or Right.

QUESTION TIME

REFERENCES
Yousefi, Xueliang Huo, Ghovanloo M "Preliminary assessment of
Tongue Drive System in medium term usage for computer access and
wheelchair control", Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society,
EMBC, 2011 Annual International Conference of
the IEEE, Pages 5766 - 5769, Aug.30 2011 - Sept.3 2011

http://www.news.gatech.edu/features/tongue-drive-wheelchair

Assistive technology devices, Available:

http://www.wheelchairnet.org/WCNProdServ/Products/OtherATprod.ht
mI