INFRARED BASED INDUSTRIAL GATE

ENTRY/EXITS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

SUM,IT KUMAR
NIRVASH KUMAR
SHILPI SABIHIKI
 INTRODUCTION
• This project involves gate entry management
using infrared. The term “infrared” refers to a
broad range of frequency beginning at top end of
those frequencies used for communication and
extending up to the low frequency (red) end of
the visible spectrum. “Near infrared” light is
closest in wavelength to visible light and “Far
infrared” is closer to the microwave region of the
electromagnetic spectrum.
• Infrared light, far infrared detector are sensitive
to environmental changes-such as a person
moving in the field of view. Night vision
I.R TRANSMITTER I.R TRANSMITTER

I.R RECEIVER I.R RECEIVER

 What’s a Microcontroller?
• A Microcontroller is a computer-on-a-chip, or, if you prefer, a
single-chip computer. Micro suggests that the device is small, and
controller tells you that the device might be used to control objects,
processes, or events.

• Another term to describe a microcontroller is embedded

controller, because the microcontroller and its support circuits are
often built into, or embedded in, the devices they control.
Comparison of MCS-51 ICs
Part No. ROM/EPROM RAM Timers

8051 4K ROM 128B 2

8031 128B 2

8751 4K EPROM 128B 2

8052 8K ROM 256B 3

8032 256B 3

8752 8K EPROM 256B 3

 8051 Pinouts
30pF VCC (40) P0.7 AD7(32)
XTL1 (19) P0.6 AD6(33)
P0.5 AD5(34) Port 0
XTL2 (18) P0.4 AD4(35)
30pF P0.3 AD3(36)
P0.2 AD2(37)
P0.1 AD1(38)
P0.0 AD0(39)
(29)
(30)
PSEN
ALE 8051 P1.7
P1.6
(8)
(7) Port 1
(31) EA P1.5 (6)
(9) RST P1.4 (5)
P1.3 (4)
P1.2 (3)
P1.1 (2)
RD(17) P3.7 P1.0 (1)
WR(16) P3.6 P2.7 A15(28)
Port 3 T1(15) P3.5 P2.6 A14(27) Port 2
T0(14) P3.4 P2.5 A13(26)
P2.4 A12(25)
INT1(13) P3.3
P2.3 A11(24)
INT0(12) P3.2 P2.2 A10(23)
TXD(11) P3.1 P2.1 A9(22)
RXD(10) P3.0 VSS(20) P2.0 A8(21)
 Interfacing of LCD
8051 LCD
P1.0 D0 VCC
~ ~ 10K
P1.7 D7 VEE
Rs R/W E
VSS

P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
 DESCRITION OF AT89S52
• The AT89S52 is a low-voltage, high-performance CMOS
8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system
programmable Flash memory.
• the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller which
provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to
many embedded control applications .
• The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density
nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with
the industry-standard 80C51 instruction set and pinout .
 FEATURES
• Three-level programmable memory lock
• 256*8 bit Internal RAM
• Three 16 bit Timer/Counter
• Eight Interrupt Sources
• Watchingdog Timer
• Dual Data Pointer
• Flexible ISP Programming
 CONCLUSION

• Microcontroller based request management system

forms a vital link in the management chain. It can be
widely implemented in the industries, hotels, hospitals,
offices, etc. where there is a need to continuously
monitor the requests and to meet them as soon as
possible.
• A display unit is used to display the room number from
which the request has arrived, and a buzzer produces an
alarming sound to catch the attention of the person at
the reception.
1. Software Reuirements:
• Assembler of ATMEL microcontroller series
• PADS for PCB designing

2. Hardware requirements:
• Microcontroller AT89S52
• LM7805 Regulator
• Resistors
• Capacitors
• Transistors
• Connectors
1. IR Transmitter:
I.R transmitter is used to transmit the
Infrared. This infrared transmitter sends 68 KHz carrier
under the control of micro controller .A 555 timer is used to
give 68 KHz frequency signal to infrared LED.

2. IR Receiver:
This is also called “EYE”. This EYE is
widely used in T.V. receiver. It is used to detect the IR
transmission.
 OPERATION
This system is based on transmission and reception of IR. IR
sensors are sensitive to person moving in the field of view. For
securing a region IR is send in that region from one end and it
is received on the other end.
When a person enter in that region it cut the infrared, so at
that moment receiver doesn’t detect any signal and absence of
IR is sensed by receiver which in turn blow an alarm. The
transmitter and receiver are connected to the main device
 APPLICATION

 Securing a region:
It senses any human entering in the
region.
 Counting of person entering:
It also provides the
function of counting the head cutting the infrared. So it
can determine the person going out and IN in an office.
 Paper mill:
This is also used in paper mill. It is used to
detect the continuity of paper. When paper is cut it
sense and indicate the cut of paper.
 Robotics:
IR sensors are widely used in Robotics.
 REFERENCE

• ROBERT L. BOYLSTED AND LOUIS NASHELSKY

ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUIT THEORY
,PEARSON EDU.ASIA 2002
• RAMAKANT A.GAYAKWAD. OP AMPS AND LINEAR
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS,PEARSON EDU 2003
• M. MORRIS MANO,DIGITAL LOGIC AND COMPUTER
DESIGN, PRENTICE HALL OF INDIA
• A.K.SAWNEY,A COURSE IN ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONIC MEASURMENTS , DHANPAT RAI AND
CO. 2004
 LM78XX/LM78XXA
• The LM78XX series of three terminal
positive regulators are available in the
TO-220 package and with several
fixed output voltages, making
them useful in a wide range of
applications. Each type employs
internal current limiting, thermal
shut down and safe operating area
protection, making it essentially
indestructible. If adequate heat
sinking is provided, they can
deliver over 1A output current.
Although designed primarily as
fixed voltage regulators, these
devices can be used with external
components to obtain adjustable
voltages and currents.
 FEATURES
• Output current up to 1A
• Output Voltage of 5,6,8,9,10,12,15,18,24
• Thermal overload Protection
• Short Circuit protection
• Output transistor Safe Operating Area
protection
 Crystal oscillator
• A crystal oscillator is an
electronic circuit that uses the
mechanical resonance of a
vibrating crystal of
piezoelectric material to create
an electrical signal with a very
precise frequency. This
frequency is commonly used to
keep track of time (as in
quartz wristwatches), to
provide a stable clock signal
for digital integrated circuits,
and to stabilize frequencies for
radio transmitters/receivers.
 CAPACITOR
• A capacitor is a passive
electrical component that
can store energy in the
electric field Capacitors
are often used in electric
and electronic circuits as
energy-storage devices.
They can also be used to
differentiate between
high-frequency and low-
frequency signals.
 LCD
• The 7-segment display is used as a
numerical indicator on many types of test
equipment. It is an assembly of light
emitting diodes, which can be powered
individually. Alphanumeric displays are
available which can show letters as well as
numbers
Block Diagram of Computer System
 BUZZER SECTION
• This section includes a buzzer as well as a
resistance to limit the current. The buzzer
operates in the range of 20-25mA. Buzzer
is an indicating device which is used for
checking the software condition and also
used for indicating any specific condition.
 RELAY SECTION

• RELAY is an isolator and an electrical

switch The relay used is 12V-5A.To
control the operation of relay an NPN
transistor BC547 has been used.
Whenever high signal comes at the base
of NPN transistor it is switched on and
whenever low arrives it is switched off.
This section also consists of pull up & pull
down resistance
 MICROCONTROLLER SECTION

• +5v supply This +5v supply is required for the

controller to get start which is provided from the power
supply section. This supply is provided at pin no.31and 40 .
• Crystal Oscillator A crystal oscillator of 12 MHz
is connected at pin no.19,x1 and pin no.18,x2 to generate the
frequency for the controller. The crystal oscillator works on
piezoelectric effect.
• Reset section: It consists of an RC network
consisting of 10M/35V capacitor and one resistance
of 1k. This section is used to reset the controller
connected at pin no.9 of AT89c51.
 BUZZER

MICROCONTROLLER
89S52

SUPPLY SECTION DISPLAY SECTION

TRANMITTER RECEIVER