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DENGUE
MALARIA
WHAT IS DENGUE?
Dengue Virus
Causes dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever
Is an arbovirus
Transmitted by mosquitoes (vector-borne)
Composed of single-stranded RNA
Has 4 serotypes (DEN-1, 2, 3, 4)
Dengue Viruses
Each serotype provides specific lifetime
immunity, and short-term cross-immunity
All serotypes can cause severe and fatal
disease
Genetic variation within serotypes
Some genetic variants within each serotype
appear to be more virulent or have greater
epidemic potential
Mosquito feeds /
acquires virus
Viremia
0
Days
Intrinsic
incubation
period
Extrinsic
incubation
period
Illness
Human #1
12
16
Viremia
20
24
Illness
Human #2
28
1
2
4
3
7
5
Aedes aegypti
Dengue transmitted by infected female
mosquito
Primarily a daytime feeder
Lives in and around human habitation
Lays eggs and produces larvae
preferentially in artificial containers
Hemorrhagic manifestations
with a positive tourniquet
tests
Mortality is 10-20% if
untreated, but decreases to
<1% if adequately
Hemoconcentration or
evidence of treated plasma
leakage
Plasma leakage may progress
to dengue shock syndrome
IgG-ELISA
Prevention
Personal:
Prevention
Biological
Chemical
Thermal fogging-malathion,pyrethrum
Insecticide treatment of water containers
Space spraying (thermal fogs)
Indoor space spraying(2% pyrethrum), organophosphorus
compounds
Dengue Update
Malaria
Malaria
Etiology of Malaria