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PSYCHOLOGY
Nuzsep Almigo
Psychology Is
Born
First Experimental Psych Lab (1879)
Focuses on the scientific study of the mind.
WW insists that Psych methods be as rigorous
as the methods of chemistry & physics.
Wilhelm Wundt
(1832-1920)
Women of Psychology
Mary Calkins - student of William James at
Psychology (pre-1920)
Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)
Physiologist & Perceptual Psychologist
Founder of Psychology as a Science
Introspection
Experiments
Psychology
Understanding
Mental Processes
Behavioris
m
the Science of
Behavior
Mental Processes cannot
John Watson
be studied directly
(1878-1958)
Stimulus
Response
Psychology
Ivan
Psychology (1920s-1960s)
Behaviorism
Psychology
Science of Observable
Behavior
Structuralism vs Functionalism
Structuralism
Analyze consciousness into basic elements
and study how they are related
Introspection - self-observation
of ones own conscious experiences
Wilhelm Wundt
Functionalism
Investigate the function, or purpose
of consciousness rather than its structure
Leaned toward applied work
(natural surroundings)
William James
(1842-1910)
Gestalt Psychology
Max Wertheimer
(1880-1943)
WHY?
Unconscious expressed in
dreams & slips of the tongue
Cognitive
Psychology
Cognition
the mental processes
involved in acquiring, processing,
storing & using information
Psychology (1960s1990s)
Psychology
Science of Behavior
& Mental Processes
Cognitive
Biological Psychology
Behavioral/Clinical Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Social-Cultural Psychology
Biological Perspective
Focus
Focus
How
How the
the body
body and
and brain
brain create
create emotions,
emotions, memories,
memories,
and
and sensory
sensory experiences.
experiences.
Sample Issues
How do evolution and heredity influence behavior?
How are messages transmitted within the body?
How is blood chemistry linked with moods and motives?
Behavioral/Clinical Perspective
Focus
Focus
How
How we
we learn
learn from
from observable
observable responses.
responses.
How
How to
to best
best study,
study, assess
assess and
and treat
treat troubled
troubled people.
people.
Sample Issues
How do we learn to fear particular objects or situations?
What is the most effective way to alter certain behaviors?
What are the underlying causes of:
Anxiety Disorders
Phobic Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
Cognitive Perspective
Focus
Focus
How
How we
we process,
process, store
store and
and retrieve
retrieve information.
information.
Sample Issues
How do we use info in remembering and reasoning?
How do our senses govern the nature of perception?
(Is what you see really what you get?)
How much do infants know when they are born?
Social-Cultural Perspective
Focus
Focus
How
How behavior
behavior and
and thinking
thinking vary
vary across
across situations
situations
and
and cultures.
cultures.
Sample Issues
How are we, as members of different races and
nationalities, alike as members of one human family?
How do we differ, as products of different social contexts?
Why do people sometimes act differently in groups than
when alone?
Psychology is Empirical
Theory
Biological
Clinical
Psychology Psychoanalytic
Perspective
Perspective
Dreams
Advances In
Psychology
Society Today
Affected by
psychological testing
(IQ, SAT, GRE)
a
h
e
B
r
o
vi
Perception Is Subjective
Internal Information
Prior Expectations
Current Mental State
Experience
External Information
Actual Words/Actions
Image Reflected from Objects
Sound Waves
Both Determine
Our Experience
of the World
Specialties In Psychology
General/Quantitative
3.6%
Cognitive/Physio
5.2%
I/O
5.7%
Social/
Developmental
6.4%
Ed & School
19.4%
Clinical,
Community
& Counseling
51.1%
Other
8.6%
Human Behavior