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9G Environmental
Chemistry
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Contents
9G Environmental Chemistry
Soil chemistry
Rocks and weathering
Acid rain
Greenhouse effect
Summary activities
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What is soil?
A layer of soil covers much of the
Earths surface. What is soil made
up of?
weathered rock particles
decaying remains of dead plants
and animals (called humus)
water
air
living things, including plants
and animals such as worms
Plants need soil to grow. How does soil support plant growth?
Soil supplies plants with water and important nutrients and
also helps to anchor roots.
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pH of different soils
Different soils have different pHs.
Soils have different pHs because they
are made up of different rocks and so
contain different chemicals.
The pH of soil affects the availability of nutrients and plants
prefer to grow in soils of a certain pH. For example,
strawberries prefer acidic soil and plums prefer alkaline soil.
Soil pH experiment
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Changing soil pH
If soil is too acidic to grow certain crops, lime can be added.
Changing soil pH
Farmers and gardeners can
choose only plants that prefer
the pH of their soil.
Alternatively, they can add
chemicals that change the
soil pH to suit the plants they
want to grow.
If soil is too acidic, lime (calcium oxide) is a base that can
be added.
The lime neutralizes the acid in the soil and so increases
the soil pH.
What type of chemical can be added if soil is too alkaline?
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Contents
9G Environmental Chemistry
Soil chemistry
Rocks and weathering
Acid rain
Greenhouse effect
Summary activities
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Contents
9G Environmental Chemistry
Soil chemistry
Rocks and weathering
Acid rain
Greenhouse effect
Summary activities
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Contents
9G Environmental Chemistry
Soil chemistry
Rocks and weathering
Acid rain
Greenhouse effect
Summary activities
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Global warming
Carbon dioxide is the main greenhouse
gas involved the warming of the Earth
by the greenhouse effect.
Human activity is producing more
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse
gases.
An increase in the amount of greenhouse gases could
increase the amount of heat trapped in the atmosphere.
Some scientists think that this increased greenhouse effect
is making the Earth warmer and leading to global warming.
What human activities might contribute to global warming?
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Contents
9G Environmental Chemistry
Soil chemistry
Rocks and weathering
Acid rain
Greenhouse effect
Summary activities
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Glossary
acid rain Rainwater that is more acidic than normal
Anagrams
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Multiple-choice quiz
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