Welcome To

Presentation

Group No: 09
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2.
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Ariful Islam Khan

Shamol Reza
Taufiqul Islam
Abdul Alim
Md Hachnayen Ahmed

09106070
09106043
10106057
10106047
10106063

Objectives
Through this Presentation, we attempt to bring
into focus what we believe to be some of the
important practical issues that face development
planners in the field of project Appraisal.

Summary
This session will introduce dimensions of project
appraisal, including:
issues of social acceptability/desirability,
environmental friendliness,
technical feasibility/ appropriateness,
gender sensitiveness,
economic soundness and
ability to be sustainable and most importantly
financial viability.
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Meaning and Overview of

Project Appraisal
Appraisal means Assessment and estimation.
Project define as:
Non routine
Involves number of uncertainties.
Definite period of time. ( starts to end ).
Project is the co ordination of the efforts of persons drawn
from different functional areas and contribution to
external agencies.

Project Appraisal
When is it done:
After preparation and design of the project
What is project appraisal:
Provides a comprehensive and systematic review of all
aspects of the project
Why the project Appraisal is Needed:
To development and successful completion of projects

Project Appraisal (cont.)

Hard questions are asked and the answers determine
whether project proposal is adopted or rejected.
The questions raised rotate around:
appropriateness of project objectives,
size, scope, implementation methods,
modalities, time scale, and
the project technical, financial, economic, institutional,
environmental, social and distributional justification of
the project.

What can a Project Appraisal

deliver?
Be reliable and objective in choosing projects
Make sure their program benefits all sections of the
community
Provide documentation to meet financial and audit
requirements
Appraisal justifies spending money on a project.
Appraisal is an important decision making tool.
Appraisal lays the foundations for delivery.

Good appraisal systems should

ensure that:
Project application, appraisal and approval functions are
separate
All the necessary information is gathered for appraisal
Race/tribal equality and other equality issues are given
proper consideration
Those involved in appraisal have appropriate technical
expertise
There are realistic allowances for time involved.

Key issues in appraising

projects
Need, targeting and objectives
Applicants should provide detailed description
of project, identifying local needs/ objectives it
aims to meet.
Context and connections
Are there links between the project and other
local programmes and projects.
Consultation
Local consultation determines priorities and
secure community consent and ownership.
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Key issues in appraising

projects
Options
This is concerned with establishing whether there are
different ways of achieving objectives
Inputs
Important to ensure all the necessary people and resources
are in place to deliver project.
Value for money
This is one of the key criteria against which projects are
appraised .
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Key issues in appraising

projects
Implementation
Appraisal scrutinises the practical plans for
implementation, asking whether staffing, timetable and
implementers are okay.
Risk and uncertainty
There should also be contingency plans in place to
minimize the estimated risks.

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Key issues in appraising

projects
Eligibility
Regional Development
Environmental protection
Legal Frame Work
Policies, public acceptance
Licensing, safety
Environmental compatibility
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Key issues in appraising

projects
Technology And Design
Project Definition
Viability and performance
Adaptation to technical progress
Local-specific requirements
Appropriate technical capacity
Life expectancy

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Key issues in appraising

projects
Time Schedule
Preparation of feasibility studies
Environmental studies Licensing requirements
Time needed for procurement
Local conditions (climatic, etc)

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Key issues in appraising

projects
Environmental and Social Compatibility
Impact analysis, mitigation measures Direct, indirect,
long-distance effects
Compliance with international standards
Least-polluting technology

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Key issues in appraising

projects
Economic + Financial Viability
Cost effectiveness
Financial international rate of return
Economic international rate of return
Pay-back period, etc
Investment Cost
Local and foreign currencies
Phasing of expenditure
Cost Justification
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Key issues in appraising

projects
Forward strategies
Appraisal should also consider mainstream links
and implications in case the project funds are over

Sustainability
Appraisal should include an assessment of a
projects environmental, social and economic
impact, its positive and negative effects.

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Checklist for project

appraisal
Some Questions worth asking:
Are appraisals systematic and disciplined with a clear
sequence of activities and operating rules?
Is there an independent assessment of the project?
Does the appraisal process conclude in clear
recommendations that inform approval (or rejection) of
the project?

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Checklist (cont.)
Is the approval stage clearly separate?
Is the appraisal process well documented
with key documents signed,
showing ownership and agreement, and
allowing the appraisal documentation to act as basis
for future management, monitoring and evaluation?
Does appraisal system comply with relevant government
guidance?
Are right people involved and, if necessary, how can you
widen involvement?
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Feasibility Study
Aim of a feasibility study:
Development objectives
Policy framework and detailed project objectives
Technical soundness of the project
Administrative feasibility of the project

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Feasibility Study -

Aims (cont.)

The economic and financial viability of the

project proposal
The status of demand for the project
beneficiaries
Other important policy and cross cutting issues
(gender, environment)

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Practical
Appraise your identified projects in terms of the following:
Technical analysis
Economic Analysis
Financial Analysis
Environmental Analysis, and
Social Analysis
Gender Analysis
Ecological Analysis
Political
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Technical Appraisal
Will the project Work?
Availability of the required quality and quantity of
raw material.
Availability of utilities like power and water etc
Follows anti pollution laws

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Financial Appraisal
Can the project be financed properly?
Will there be sufficient funds to cover the
expenditure requirements during the life of the
project?
Means of financing

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Economic Appraisal
Impact of the project one the distribution of income
in the society
Impact of project on the level savings and investment
in the society and socially desirable objectives like
self sufficiently, employment etc.
Contribution of project

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Social Aspects
What will be the effect of the project on different groups? At
Individual
Household and
Community levels
How will the project impact on women and men?
Will the social benefits of the project be greater than the social
costs over the life of the investment when account is taken of
time?

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Environmental Appraisal
Will the project have any adverse effect on the
environment?
Have remedial measures been included the project
design?

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Ecological & Political

Appraisal
Environmental Damage.
Restoration Measures.
Will the project be compatible with government policy, at
both central, regional and local level?

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Conclusion
It is seen from the previous discussion that the Project
Appraisal can be structured to cover the full range of
functionality of the project management process. It is
a powerful tool which should not be overlooked but
which must be judiciously applied .

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Thank You

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Any Question..?

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