Design and simulation of petcoke

steam gasification

Guided by
Mr.Vamsi Krishna

Y.KRISHNA SAAHI

Gasification
The process of conversion of carbonaceous materials to
gaseous fuel having high heating value usually at high
temperatures (>700oc) and pressure.
The feed for gasification can be
gas (e.g., natural gas)
liquid (e.g., light or heavy oils)
solid (e.g., coal, petroleum Coke, Lignite or Biomass)

Combustion vs gasification
Gasification includes partial oxidation of fuel.
Combustion involves complete oxidation of fuel.
Reactions in gasification :
Combustion reactions
Boudouard reaction
Water gas shift reaction
Methanation
Co shift reaction

Petcoke as fuel
Why petcoke as fuel ?
High carbon content.
Low cost.
Less environmental impacts.

Petcoke Elemental Composition (wt%)

Composition
Green
Calcined
Carbon
89.5891.80 98.40
Hydrogen
3.715.04
0.14
Oxygen
1.302.14 0.02
Nitrogen
0.951.20
0.22
Sulfur
1.293.42
1.20
Ash (including heavy metals
such as nickel and vanadium)
0.190.35
Carbon-Hydrogen Ratio
18:124:1

0.35
910:1


Gasification plants around the
world with petcoke feedstock
Gasification Technology

Location

Plant output

GE Gasification

Ube City, Japan

793 MW

E-Gas Gasification

Lima, OH

530 MW

E-Gas Gasification

Terre Haute, IN

262 MW

GE Gasification

Polk, FL

252 MW

Shell Gasification Process

Orissa, India

180 MW

GE Gasification

Delaware City, DE

160 MW

GE Gasification

El Dorado, KS

35 MW

Types of gasifier
Entrained flow
Particle size below 0.1 mm
High operating temperature (>1473 K)
High operating pressure (3 to 12 mpa)
Fluidized bed
Particle size between 6 and 10 mm
High operating temperature (1073 to 1323 K)
Fixed bed
Coarse particles (6 to 50 mm)
Low operating temperature (698 to 1088 K)
Low oxidant demand

Why entrained flow gasifier?

Ability to handle variety of solid fuels
High throughput because of high reaction
rates/temperature
High carbon conversion
Syngas free of oils and tars
Low methane production

Integrated Gasification Combined

Cycle (IGCC)
The integrated gasification combined cycle process is a
typical gasification technology for converting carbonaceous
solid fuels like biomass, coal, and petcoke into synthetic gas
(syngas). Its combined power generation technology is unique,
with power generation both from gas and steam turbine cycle.

How does igcc works?

IGCC is a combination of two leading technologies.
The first technology is called coal gasification, which uses
coal/petcoke to create a clean-burning gas (syngas).
The second technology is called combined-cycle, which is
the most efficient method of producing electricity
commercially available today.

Modeling the gasification process

The gasification process is divided into five main
sections:
1. Gasification island.
2. Gas cooling.
3. Gas cleanup.
4. Gas turbine section.
5. Steam cycle.

Thank you