BIOFISIKA

BIO-FLUIDA :

ALIRAN DARAH
KONTINUITAS & Hukum POISEUILLE

WIHANTORO
FARZAND A.L

REVIEW: JENIS ALIRAN FLUIDA

REVIEW: PERSAMAAN KONTINUITAS

(hanya membahas cairan yang alirannya sejajar
(laminar)

aliran tunggal (lintasan aliran pada satu penampang

permukaan)
Flow rate is the volume of fluid
per unit time flowing past a point
through the area A.
Here the shaded cylinder of fluid
flows past point P in a uniform
pipe in time t. The volume of the
cylinder is Ad and the average
velocity is v so that the flow rate
is Q = A d/t

REVIEW: PERSAMAAN KONTINUITAS

(hanya membahas cairan yang alirannya sejajar
(laminar)

http://physatwes.com/Bernoullihonors.aspx

* ALIRAN FLUIDA: PEMBULUH DARAH

http://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP019.htm

VESSEL
TYPE

DIAMETE
FUNCTION
R (mm)

Aorta

25

Pulse dampening and distribution

Large Arteries

1.0 - 4.0

Distribution of arterial blood

Small Arteries

0.2 - 1.0

Distribution and resistance

Arterioles

0.01 - 0.20

Capillaries

0.006 - 0.010

Venules

0.01 - 0.20

Veins

0.2 - 5.0

Capacitance function (blood volume)

Vena Cava

35

Collection of venous blood

Resistance (pressure & flow

regulation)
Exchange
Exchange, collection, and
capacitance

* ALIRAN FLUIDA:
PEMBULUH DARAH
(RESISTANCE & FLOW
Ilustrasi pengertian
hambatan aliran
dan debit (jumlah
cairan yang
ditumpahkan

ALIRAN FLUIDA:
SKEMA ALIRAN DAN ILUSTRASI LAJU ALIRAN DARAH
BERBASIS KONTINUITAS

http://philschatz.com/physics-book/contents/m42205.html

FLOW RATE OF BLOOD IN AORTA

Calculate the flow rate of blood (of density
0.722 g/cm3) in an aorta with a crosssectional area of 2.67 cm2 if the flow
speed is 36.6 cm/s. Answer in units of g/s.
Assume the aorta branches to form a
large number of capillaries with a
combined cross-sectional area of 1820
cm2. What is the flow speed in the
capillaries? Answer in units of cm/s.

SOLUTION
use the equation
m = * v * A = 0.722 * 36.6 *
2.67
= 70.555 g/s.
for the second question,
use conservation of flow rate:
v A = v a,
70.555 = 0.722 * v * 1820,
v = 0.05 cm/s

BLOOD FLOW IN CAPILLARIES

The aorta is the principal blood vessel through which blood leaves the heart
in order to circulate around the body. (a) Calculate the average speed of the
blood in the aorta if the flow rate is 5.0 L/min. The aorta has a radius of 10
mm. (b) Blood also flows through smaller blood vessels known as capillaries.
When the rate of blood flow in the aorta is 5.0 L/min, the speed of blood in
the capillaries is about 0.33 mm/s. Given that the average diameter of a
capillary is 8.0 m, calculate the number of capillaries in the blood
circulatory system.

REVIEW: HUKUM POISEUILLE: FLOW RATE

(DEBIT)
Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen
(1797-1884) in 1838 derived the socalled Poiseuille's law (or HagenPoiseuille law).
This concerns the voluminal laminar
stationary flow of an incompressible
uniform viscous liquid (so-called
Newtonian fluid) through a cylindrical
tube with constant circular crosssection.

SIRKULASI DARAH: Berdasar Poiseuille

Model sirkualasi darah sudah jauh dikembangkan orang dan bermula pada tahun 1846
yang dilakukan oleh Jean Louis Poiseuille. Model ini mengasumsikan bahwa darah
mengalir secara teratur dan searah (laminar) dalam sebuah tabung gelas lurus panjang
(kapiler). Hal yang dikaji dari model ini adalah sifat fisis cairan yang mengalir, yaitu
kecepatan alirannya serta mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi cepat
lambatnya aliran.

visualisasi pembuluh darah

Physics of Blood Flow in Small Arteries

http://web.archive.org/web/19990904051954/
http://grad.math.arizona.edu/~walton/biomath/bloodflow.htm

REVIEW: HUKUM POISEUILLE: VELOCITY

PROFILE

A patient receives a blood transfusion through a needle of radius

0.20 mm and length 2.0 cm. The density of blood is 1,050 kg/m3.
The bottle supplying the blood is 0.500 m above the patient's arm.
What is the rate of flow through the needle?
Strategy
Find the pressure difference between the level of the blood and the patient's
arm. Substitute into Poiseuille's law, using the value for the viscosity of
whole blood.

Suppose the flow rate of blood in a coronary artery has been

reduced to half its normal value by plaque deposits. By what factor
has the radius of the artery been reduced, assuming no turbulence
occurs?
SOLUTION
Assuming laminar flow, Poiseuilles law states that
We need to compare the artery radius before and after the flow rate
reduction. With a constant pressure difference assumed and the
same length and viscosity, along the artery we have

LATIHAN SOAL (TIPE SOAL UNTUK UJIAN SISIPAN)

A glucose solution being administered with an IV has a flow rate of

4.00cm3/min. What will the new flow rate be if the glucose is replaced by
whole blood having the same density but a viscosity 2.50 times that of the
glucose? All other factors remain constant.

The pressure drop along a length of artery is 100 Pa, the radius is 10 mm, and
the flow is laminar. The average speed of the blood is 15 mm/s. (a) What is the
net force on the blood in this section of artery? (b) What is the power
expended maintaining the flow?

A small artery has a length of 1.1103 m and a radius of 2.5105 m. If the

pressure drop across the artery is 1.3 kPa, what is the flow rate through the
artery? (Assume that the temperature is 37 C.)

The arterioles (small arteries) leading to an organ, constrict in order to

decrease flow to the organ. To shut down an organ, blood flow is reduced
naturally to 1.00% of its original value. By what factor did the radii of the
arterioles constrict? Penguins do this when they stand on ice to reduce the
blood flow to their feet.

Angioplasty is a technique in which arteries partially blocked with plaque are

dilated to increase blood flow. By what factor must the radius of an artery be
increased in order to increase blood flow by a factor of 10?

Kuliah online: pembuktian persamaan bernoulli

http://youtube.com/watch?v=PBHO7HD8GfA

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v2/89

Selain melewati pembuluh yang ukurannya mengecil, penurunan

jari-jari pada pembuluh darah dapat disebabkan karena adanya
sumbatan/penebalan di bagian dalam dinding pembuluh darah
(plaque).