PERSONALITY

UNIT III

Definition
Personality means how people affect others and

how they understand and view themselves, as

well as their pattern of inner and outer traits.
It can be defined as those inner psychological
characteristics that both determine and reflect
how a person responds to his environment.
It refers to unique and relatively stable qualities
that characterize an individuals behavior across
different situations.
Personality is the particular combination of
emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response
patterns of an individual.

Elements of personality
Consistency: consistency in behavior,

thought and emotion of an individual across

situations characterizes ones personality.
Stability: main features of personality do
not easily change with time.
Uniqueness: personality in terms of
behavior is unique in every individual.
Dynamic: some features of personality may
change due to internal or external
situational demands.

Determinants of personality
Biological factors:
a) Heredity
b) Brain
c) Physical features
o) Family and social factors
o) Cultural factors
o) Situational factors

Theories of personality
Trait theory: A trait is defined as any

distinguished way in which one individual is

different from other.
THE BIG FIVE TRAITS THEORY/OCEAN MODEL
This model is based on five traits of
personality which can be mixed in
countless proportions.
Different people have these traits in
different degrees varying from high to low.

Type theories
According to these, people are grouped into

distinct, non-overlapping categories called

as personality types.
MYRES-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR
It is used for understanding and
interpreting personality by combining
various preferences.

Classification of an individual
according to MBTI
Extroversion versus Introversion

Extrovert(E) people like getting energy from

active involvement in events, like to energize
people.
Introvert(I) people like getting energy from
dealing with ideas, picture, memories and
reactions inside their head.
o Sensing versus Intuition
Sensing(S) type pays attention to physical reality,
what they see, hear, touch. They are concerned
with what is actual, present, current and real.

Intuitive(N) type pays more attention to

impressions they get. They learn by thinking
a problem. They do not notice facts.
Thinking versus Feeling

Thinking(T) type analyzes pros and cons of

situation and are logical in deciding.
Feeling(F) type believes that they can make
best decisions by weighing what people care
about and points of view of persons
involved.
Judging versus Perceiving
Judging type seems to prefer a planned or
orderly way of life. They are more
comfortable when life is orgnized.

Perceiving(P) type seems to prefer a

flexible and spontaneous way of life.

They like to understand and adapt to
the world rather than to organize it.
USUABILITY OF MBIT MODEL
1. Understanding and developing yourself
2. Understanding and developing others
3. Understanding what motivate others
4. Understanding others strengths and
weaknesses
5. Allocating tasks and responsibilities

Type A and Type B

personality
There are two types of personalities: Type

A, the high-stung types and Type B, the

easy-going types.
This theory is also known as Jacob
Goldsmith theory.
The theory describes a Type A individual as
ambitious, aggressive, rigidly organized,
controlling, highly competitive, status
conscious, arrogant, proactive and
obsessed with time management.
People with Type A personalities are often
high-achieving "workaholics" who multitask, push themselves with deadlines, and

People with Type B personalities are

generally apathetic, patient, relaxed, easygoing, no sense of time schedule, having

poor organization skills, and at times
lacking an overriding sense of urgency.
These individuals tend to be sensitive of
other people's feelings.