INTRODUCTION TO

BIOINFORMATICS
Adnan Amer Saadeddin
20610462
 Outlines
 What’s bioinformatics
 The components of bioinformatics
 Biological data
 Molecular Biology and Computational Abstractions
 Bioinformatics App. & Comp.
 Bioinformatics challenges
 What’s bioinformatics?

Bio – informatics

Bioinformatics is the application which combine the

disciplines of mathematics “like statics” and computer
science “e.g Database, data mining …etc” to
understand and organize the information associated
with the biology in terms of molecules “the same in
size and large in numbers”, on large-scale

In simple it’s using the computer systems to answer biological

questions
 ?What’s bioinformatics
 We can think about the input
functionality of the
Molecular biology as it’s
a black box that we don’t
know what’s inside it
and we want to
understand how to use Black Box
it.

output
The components of bioinformatics

1-Biological Data
2-Computers
3-Algorithms
 Biological Data

DNA RNA Protein Phenotype “action”

 Molecular Biology and Computational Abstractions

Information
transfer

DNA RNA Protein Phenotype “action”

We deal with The RNA is The

The same
the DNA as the output of action is
concept
an input from the the final
with the
string which process of the output
protein
has its own DNA but we for the
language. deal with it as process
it’s a input for
the next
process
 Information Theory Primer

 Information is measured in bits

 1 bit := choice between two equally possible
outcomes

DNA : 2 bits per base

information Growth
.Bioinformatics App. & Comp
Applications
 .Bioinformatics App. & Comp
Applications

Experiment Computation
 Bioinformatics applications area
 Data archival and retrieval
 Databases, experimental automation
 Cross-species comparisons
 Experiments in yeast are easier than in mice where
they are easier than in humans
 Drug design
 Bioinformatics challenges
 Biological Redundancy and multiplicity
 Different Sequences with similar structures
 Organisms with similar genes
 Multiple functions of single genes
 Grouping of genes in pathways
 Sequence redundancy in genomes
 Signal versus Noise
 Lack of Data
Thank you for attending

Any Questions
?