UNITY IN DIVERSITY

UHM2022
Week 2
DR. ROHANA BINTI HAMZAH
019-7515516
Centre for Modern Languages & Human Sciences

LEARNING OUTCOMES
Explaining the concept of unity in diversity.
Explaining the concept of social cohesion.
Explaining the dynamics of ethnic relations in
Malaysia.

VIDEO MY WORLD
WHY?
DO YOU HAVE ANY DREAM FOR BETTER WORLD?

WHAT KIND OF THINKING SYSTEM CONTROL

THE WORLD ORDER?

WHAT THEY THINK ABOUT POWER?

LETS OBSERVE THE UNIVERSE

THE BIG SYSTEM.

THE SMALLEST SYSTEM.

WHY NO CRASH?

UNITY IN DIVERSITY
OPINION ?

THEY ARE DIVERSE BUT UNITED IN ONE SYSTEM

WHAT WE CAN DO TO SAVE OUR WORLD?

WHY PEOPLE FIGHTING

Human being with thinking
system I / my ethnic is better
than other>> (bertuhankan diri
sendiri)
The center is many human
being with the same target : to
conquer others and this world
for material benefit.

uju
ran
kej
an
/
keb
ena
r

di
si
pl
in

g
an

UNITED WITH THE SENSE

OF ONENESS OF GOD

kead
ila

say
sih
Ka

Human being live in this world

with self awareness:
every human being just
same
Human being never perfect;
perfection only belong to the
infinitive power.
Work together to obey Gods
command
I. Be fair to oneself
II. Be fair to others
III. Be fair to all Gods creation

Saling
perca
ya

MODEL OF ETHNIC REALTION BASED ON SPIRITUAL SHIF

MALAYSIA CURRENT SITUATION

59 years of independence
People focus more on conflicts besides of positive relations
amongst Malaysian.
Most people think that..
A society that has a different cultures, languages, religions,
will be detached and isolated.
Ethnic differences will create competition between ethnic
groups.
Ethnic minority will underestimated by ethnic dominant .
The mass media often report ethnic relations in Malaysia in
a narrow perspective.

What is the real problem will give a great impact on human relation?

MULTISOCIETY
IN MALAYSIA

Ethnic groups,
Subetnik, Tribe,
Language &
Dialects peninsula

Ethnic groups,
Subetnik, Tribe,
Language &
Dialects Sabah

Ethnic groups,
Subetnik, Tribe,
Language &
Dialects Sarawak

SOLUTION 1: UNDERSTAND THE

CONCEPT OF UNITY IN
DIVERSITY

1. Unity in diversity in various perspective:

Social Psycology - sense of oneness' that cross
physical and psychological separation, which
includes also the metaphysical.
Antropologi-sosiologi - how people manage and
organize existing social differences among them.
Ontological
religious perspective > God
Consciousness >the desire to create peace and
stability
HOW CAN WE DEVELOP SENSE OF ONENESS?
THE HIGHEST VALUE..WILL UNITE US

SOLUTION NO2 : UNDERSTAND THE

CONCEPT OF INTEGRATION
INTEGRATION

AND COMPLEMENTARY
JUST LIKE HOW GOD CREATE THIS UNIVERSE:
EVERY SYSTEM WORK AS COMPLIMENTARY EACH OTHER
NOTHING CAN STAND ALONE ACCEPT THE CREATOR

Gas
es

Water

Plants

Animals

Human
Beings

THE DYNAMICS OF
ETHNIC RELATIONS IN
MALAYSIA
Comparison: Malaysia & Sri Lanka
1. Malaysia: In general, Malaysia is a
peaceful and stable country, but conflict
still exist along the way.

Era of conflict 1945-1960

Era of tense but stable 1961-1970
Era of Social solidarity 1971- 2011

SOCIAL CONFLICT & SOCIAL SOLIDARITY|

COMPARISON MALAYSIA & SRI LANKA (19452011)
MALAYSIA

1948 1960

1964

1969

2001

1945

1940-1950

2011

1951-1960

1961-1970 1971-1980

1981-1990

1991-2010

SRI LANKA
KEAMANAN ditakrif sebagai the absence of violence (GPI 2011). Konflik berdarah berlaku di Malaysia dan Sri Lanka semenjak 1945.
Bukti menunjukkan bahawa keadaan kesepaduan sosial mendominasi hidup di Malaysia di Sri Lanka didominasi oleh pertumpahan
darah, meragut lebih dari 100,000 nyawa. Untuk sebuah analisis perbandingan terbaik sila lihat, Sirimal Abeyratne, Economic
Development and Political Conflict: Comparative Study of Sri Lanka and Malaysia, South Asia Economic Journal
9:2(2008): 393-417

GLOBAL PEACE INDEX (2011)

Negara Kedudukan Negara Paling Aman di Dunia
New Zealand 1
Iceland 2
Jepun 3
Denmark 4
Republik Czech 5
Austria 6
Finland 7
Kanada 8
Norway 9
Slovenia 10
Ireland 11
Qatar 12
Sweden 13
Belgium 14
Jerman 15
Switzerland 16

GLOBAL PEACE INDEX 2015

A | ERA OF CONFLICT (1945 60)

Post World War 2

Ethnic riot - an ethnic conflict between Chinese and Malays who
broke out in relation with Bintang Tiga 14 days after the end of
Japanese occupation
Labour riot - union leaders organizing riots and strikes were
arrested and their organization are banned. The Bintang Tiga
involvement by killing three people of European descent planters
in Sungai Siput. The government declared a state of emergency
and end in 1960.
Government Initiatives
Internal security
Five Year Plan1950-1955

Etnic compromise drafting constitution 1957

B | ERA OF TENSE BUT

STABLE (1961 70)

The formation of Malaysia 1963: Perjanjian 20 agreement with

Sabah and 18 agreement with Sarawak.
Confrontation between Malaysia-Indonesia (1963-1966)
Ethnic conflict 1964 & 1969
Julai & September 1964, Singapura
13 Mei 1969, Kuala Lumpur & 3 other places
Singapura & Malaysia split 9 Aug. 1965
Government initiatives
Majlis Perundingan Rakyat
Jabatan Perpaduan
Rukun Negara
New Economic Policy (1970-1990)

C | ERA OF SOCIAL
SOLIDARITY (1971-2011)
After 40 years, Malaysia again facing ethnic conflict
in 2004 known as peristiwa Kg. Medan. This
incident showed that economic factor as a base for
social solidarity.
Hope for unity is still there: 1Malaysia
key to social cohesion Malaysia: a stable
relationship, either at the stage Society, State,
Market = S + S + M -even during the global crisis.
Matured society: Love to argue but not to fight
each other. Conflict exists, but still live in unity.

UNDERSTANDING ETHNIC
RELATIONS IN SOCIAL
SOLIDARITY PERSPECTIVE
Built

through a process of:

Segregation
Accommodation
Acculturation
Assimilation

Amalgamation

To be continue next week..

.AL-QURAN: SURAH ALHUJURAT, 49:13.

O mankind, indeed we have created you from

male and female and made you peoples and tribes
that you may know one another. Indeed, the most
noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most
righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and
Acquainted.

CONCLUSION
Social cohesion can exist if we can develop sense of
oneness' that cross physical and psychological
separation, which includes also the metaphysical
value.

NEXT WEEK : POTRET OF ETHNIC RELATION