Sie sind auf Seite 1von 18

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING

CHART DESIGN
OF
PRESSURE VESSEL

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 1

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING

Our Client has asked DeltaAfrik to quote a vessel made of SA-516 70


material that will operate at 100 psi at 200F.
The tank needs to have a volume of 100 cubic feet.
The customer prefers elliptical heads.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 2

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING

What questions must you as the design engineer ask yourself and
provide answers for ?

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 3

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING

What critera make a tank a Pressure Vessel under


ASME Section VIII, DIV 1?

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 4

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING

The short answer (rule of thumb) is that if it exceeds both of the


following, and is not covered by another ASME code, it is most likely
within the scope of section VII:
1. Greater than 15 PSI operating pressure.
2. Has in internal diameter, diagonal cross section or height of greater
than 6 inches (no limit on length).
There are a ton of exemptions (vessels containing water less than 300
PSI and less than 210F, etc) and some higher pressure limits for small
volumes that will not require.
Ulitimately, you the engineer must look over chapter U-1 of ASME
Section VII, Div 1 to see if the equipment you are designing falls within
the scope.
This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 5

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING

1.

What is the best diameter and size to use?

2.

How much will it weigh?

3.

How long will it be?

4.

What material information or charts do I need?

5.

What calculations must be made and documented?

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 6

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING

To answer these question,


We can use a nine step process as follows:

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 7

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


STEP 1
MATERIAL SELECTION AND RATINGS
Normally, the clients specifications will provide or guide material
selection.
In this example we are told that the Client wants to use SA-516 70.
When we look at ASME II D chart, we will see that at 200F SA-516 70
has a rating of 20,000 psi. So the 20,000 psi charts will be used.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 8

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


STEP 2
WELD EFFICIENCY
From previous jobs, you know that radiography will not be used, The
efficiencies used in past jobs have been 0.85 for the head and 0.7 for
the circumference and long seam welds on the rolled shell.
Welds must meet API 1104 standards.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 9

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


STEP 3
CHART
Get the correct charts - 20,000psi rating charts for Rolled or Machined
Cylinders, and 2:1 Semi Elliptical Heads

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 10

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


STEP 4
SIZING
Choose a diameter for the shell to get the desired volume - Ignoring
the heads for now.
How long would the shell have to be get 100 cubic feet volume?
We can use the Excel Spreadsheet Pipe and Shell 2.1 to calculate
the volume based on diameter.
Once we have a shell diameter, we must select a shell thickness.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 11

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


Step 5
SHELL THICKNESS
If we select a 48 diameter shell,the Rolled or Machined Cylinders
chart tells us that a 48" diameter shell with a E factor of 0.7, can be
3/16" thick to adequate handle 110 psi.
Based on previous experience, you decide that a 1/4" shell will be
easier to fabricate.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 12

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


STEP 6
SELECT HEAD THICKNESS
Pick a head thickness - According to the 2:1 Semi Elliptical Heads
chart, a 48" diameter head, with a E factor of 0.85, that a 3/16" wall
head is good for 134 psi.
Note: this is the guaranteed minimum thickness after forming. The
head fabricator will normally need a thicker plate to guarantee the after
forming thickness. In this case, they might use a 1/4" flat plate prior to
forming.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 13

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


STEP 7
VOLUME / WEIGHT
Volume of a single 2:1 Elliptical head made from 1/4" plate head that is
48 inches in diameter, has a volume of 8.1cuft. (found on chart)
Volume of a shell 1/4" thick was determined by the shell required
length of 6.8ft. We selected a 7ft shell. This will give a total volume
(shell only) of = 86.14 cuft. (We calculated the volume by using the
Pipe and Shell Excel Spreadsheet).
Two heads have a volume of 16.2 cuft, add this to the shell volume of
86.14 cuft and we have a vessel with a capacity of 102.34 cuft. This
meets the Clients requested volume.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 14

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


STEP 7
VOLUME / WEIGHT
A single 48 inch 2:1 SE head made from 1/4" plate weight is 178lbs.
A shell 1/4" thick 7ft (84) long has a weight of 127.6lbs per ft. 7 times
127.6 gives us a shell weight of 893 lbs.
Our vessel total weight (for shell and heads) is 1,149 lbs.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 15

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


Step 8
VESSEL TOTAL LENGTH
Shell length - 7 ft of shell = 84"
Head height is 2 times12.13 inches or 24.26 total
Shell 84 plus total head height of 24.26 gives us a vessel 108.26 tall.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 16

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


Step 9
SKIRTS ON HEADS
Heads are normally made with a straight skirt. The head in this
example is often made with a 1 1/2" skirt.
To keep the length, volume and weight calculated above, the shell
would have to be shortened by 3" to compensate for the skirts.

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 17

MECHANICAL GROUP TRAINING


DISCUSSION

This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted

Page 18

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen