Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
OF
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
OBJECTIV
ES:
apply the properties
of exponential
functions to simplify differentiation;
differentiate
functions
involving
exponential functions; and
solve
problems
involving
differentiation of
exponential
functions.
Laws of Exponents
.
1. a m a n a m n
mn , if
a
am
2.
1
, if
an
, if
a n-m
n
3. a m a mn
mn
mn
mn
4. ab n a nb n
n
an
a
5.
n
b
b
6. a0 1 , provided a 0
7. a m n a
8. a log a x x
1 n m
9. if a x a y then x y
1 n
m
DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA
Derivative
Function
of
Exponential
dx
For base e :
d u
du
( e ) eu
; where u f(x)
dx
dx
EXAMPLE:
A. Find the derivative of each of the
following natural logarithm and
2the result:
2 1/ x
simplify
3
x
3
.
h
x
4
x
e
1. f x e
f ' x e
3 x2
f ' x 6 xe
2. g x e
6 x
3 x2
1 2 x
2
1 2 x
g' x e
2 1 2x
e 1 2 x
1 2x
g' x
1 2x
1 2x
g' x
1 2 x
1 2x
1 2x
1
1/ x
2 e 2 x
x
h' x 4 x e
h' x 4e1 / x 1 2 x
2
1/ x
h' x 4 e1 / x 2 x 1
4. e xy x 2
x
2
y
e xy xy' y 1 2 x
xe xy y' e xy y 2 x
y1 x y'
0
2
y
y xy'
y2
xy 2e xy y' y 3e xy 2 xy 2 y xy'
y' xy 2 e xy x y y 3e xy 2 xy 2
y'
y 1 2 xy y 2 e xy
x 1 y 2 e xy
2
5. y 7 3 x 4 x5
2
d
y' 7 3 x 4 x5 ln7 3 x 2 4 x 5
dx
2
y' 7 3 x 4 x5 ln7 6 x 4
2
y' 2 3 x 2ln7 7 3 x 4 x5
6. h x ln 4 3 x
d 43 x2
dx
h' ( x )
43 x 2
2
d
4 3 x ln 4 3 x 2
dx
h' x
2
43x
h' x ln 4 6 x
h' x 6 x ln 4
h x ln 4 3 x
h x 3 x 2 ln 4
OR
h' x 3 ln 4
d 2
x
dx
h' x 3 ln 4 2 x
h' x 6 x ln 4
6. G x log e x 1 e 2 x 3
G x log e x 1 log e 2 x 3
ex
e2 x 2
G' x x
log e 2 x
log e
e 1
e 3
e x e 2 x 3 2e 2 x e x 1
G' x
log e
x
2x
e 1 e 3
e 2 x 3 2e 2 x 2e x x
G' x
e log e
x
2x
e 1 e 3
3e 2 x 2e x 3 x
G' x x
e log e
2x
e 1 e 3
7. f x 2 3 x 5 x
4
f ' x 2
3 x4
OR
d x2
x2 d
3 x4
5 5
2
dx
dx
f ' x 2 3 x 5 x ln 5 2 x 5 x 2 3 x ln 2 12 x 3
4
f ' x 2 x 2 5 ln 5 6 x 2 ln 2
3 x4
x2
f ' x 2 3 x 15 x ln 5 6 x 2 ln 2 x
4
f x 2
3 x4
ln f x ln 2
ln f x ln 2
3 x4
3 x4
x2
x2
ln 5
x2
ln f x 3 x 4 ln 2 x 2 ln 5
f ' x
3 ln 2 4 x 3 ln 5 2 x
f x
f ' x
2 x 6 x 2 ln 2 ln 5
f x
3 x4
x2
f ' ( x ) 2 5 2 x 6 x 2 ln 2 ln 5
f ' x 2
3 x 4 1 x 2
5 6 x 2 ln 2 ln 5 x
8. 3 x 5 y x 4 y
3 x ln 3 5 y ln 5 y' 4 x 3 y'
y' 5 y ln 5 1 4 x 3 3 x ln 3
4 x 3 3 x ln 3
y' y
5 ln 5 1
EXERCISES:
x 3 x 1
2. f x e
x 2 ln x 2
e4 x
3. y 3 x
e 2
4. h x log 2 x 3
2
2 x3
4. y
2. ye x xe y x 2 y 2 ln 2
3.H x x 1
X2
2 x 1
2x 1
5. f x ln e 2 x e 2 x
Logarithmic Differentiation
Oftentimes,
the derivatives of algebraic
functions
which appear complicated in form
(involving products, quotients and
powers) can be found quickly by taking
the natural logarithms of both sides and
applying the properties of logarithms
before differentiation. This method is
called logarithmic differentiation.
dy
x 1
2. Find
if y 2 x 1
dx
ln y ln 2 x 1
ln y x 1 ln 2 x 1
1
1
2 ln 2 x 1 1
y' x 1
y
2x 1
1
2 x 1
y'
ln 2 x 1
y
2x 1
2 x 1
x -1
y'
ln 2 x 1 y but y 2x 1
2x 1
2 x 1 2 x 1 ln 2 x 1
x -1
y'
2x
2x 1
x 1
y' 2 x 1 2 x 1 ln 2 x 1 2x 1
y' 2 x 1 2 x 1 ln 2 x 1 2x 1
x -1-1
x-2
3. y
6x5
ln y ln 6 x 5
ln y x ln 6 x 5
1
y' x
y
1
6
ln
6
x
6x5 2 6x5
2 x
1
3 x ln 6 x 5
y'
y
6x5
2 x
1
6 x 6 x 5 ln 6 x 5
y'
y
2 x 6 x 5
6 x 6 x 5 ln 6 x 5
y but y
2 x 6 x 5
y'
6 x 6 x 5 ln 6 x 5
y'
2 x 6 x 5
6x 5
6 x 6 x 5 ln 6 x 5
y'
6 x 5
2 x
x
1
2
6x5
4. y 4 3 x
x 1
ln y ln 4 3 x
x 1
ln y x 1 ln 4 3 x
1
1
3 ln 4 3 x 1
y' x 1
y
4 3x
2 x 1
1
3 x 1 ln 4 3 x
y'
y
4 3x
2 x 1
1
6 x 1 4 3 x ln 4 3 x
y'
y
2 4 3 x x 1
6 x 1 4 3 x ln 4 3 x
y'
y but y 4 3 x
2 4 3 x x 1
6 x 1 4 3 x ln 4 3 x
y'
4 3x
2 4 3 x x 1
6 x 1 4 3 x ln 4 3 x
4 3x
2 x 1
y'
x 1
x 1 1
x 1