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  • T23340010120154039T2334 9

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    Edwin Ramana
    12 Ansichten21 Seiten
    Computer science

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    T23340010120154039T2334-9

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    Computer science

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    12 Ansichten21 Seiten

    T23340010120154039T2334 9

    Hochgeladen von

    Edwin Ramana
    Computer science

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Als PPTX, PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    von 21

    Course

    : Web Database
    Effective Period : September 2015

    Web Database
    Web database implementation

    Web database implementation

    Acknowledgement
    These slides have been adapted from:
    Prigmore, Martyn. 2008. An Introduction to
    Databases with Web Application. Pearson
    Canada. ISBN:978-0-321-26359-9
    Chapter 4

    Outline
    Web database implementation using HTML
    Web database implementation using php

    Bina Nusantara University

    Web database implementation using HTML


    HTML forms are the obvious
    way to gather data from the
    end user and pass it to the
    web server for processing. An
    HTML form can have a
    number of controls. Figure 1
    shows a very simple HTML
    form, displayed in the Firefox
    web browser.

    Illustrating the use of HTML forms and the HTTP GET method.
    (a) A simple HTML form to gather data and submit it for
    5
    processing

    To begin with, a simple


    stub program is often
    written to allow the
    HTML form to
    be tested without the
    need to connect to the
    DBMS. This stub
    program accepts the
    data from the HTML
    form, then simply
    generates an
    appropriate message. Illustrating the use of HTML forms and the HTTP GET
    Figure 2 shows a typical
    method. (b) The response from the web server when
    the Submit Query button is clicked on
    stub program response.

    The SurnameSearch.html file.

    In XHTML1.1, all tags must be written with lower-case letters,


    so using the tags
    <HTML> ... </HTML> to delimit (that is, mark the start and
    end of) the html element is not valid XHTML1.1.
    Every html element contains two other elements. The
    head element starts in line 4 with the <head> start tag
    and ends in line 7 with the </head> end tag. The body
    element starts in line 8 with the <body> start tag and
    ends in line 27 with the
    </body> end tag.
    These three elements html, head and body define
    the basic structure of any HTML document.
    These three elements html, head and body define
    the basic structure of any HTML document.
    8

    In XHTML all elements must have an end tag. Strictly


    speaking, the correct form for the meta tag in line 5 is:
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
    content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> </meta>

    However, requiring web authors to type end tags for empty


    elements goes against human nature, so the W3C included
    the shortened form in the XHTML specification:
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
    content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

    Web database implementation using php

    The script begins with a


    section of PHP code,
    between the <?php in
    line 1 and the ?>in line
    19.

    First draft of a PHP


    script to accept data
    from the
    SurnameSearch.html
    form.

    10

    When a PHP script


    accepts data from an
    HTML form, there is no
    guarantee that the
    data entered is the sort
    of data the PHP script
    expects
    Two unfortunate web pages generated by
    SearchStub.php. (a) The web page generated
    when the user leaves the surname box blank

    A more serious problem occurs when the user deliberately sets


    out to hack a web application. Next Figure shows what
    happens when the user enters the text:
    <script>alert("Ha!");</script>

    Two unfortunate web pages generated by SearchStub.php. (b)


    The result of malicious data entered into an HTML form

    The statement shown in Figure Below is intended to


    highlight the structure of the PHP if ... else ... statement.
    Neither the condition, nor the statements in the two code
    blocks are valid PHP. It isnt possible just to write English
    sentences as the PHP application server will not understand
    them.

    The PHP if statement

    First comes the data type of the value returned by the


    function, then
    the functions name. The parameters are presented as a
    comma separated list enclosed in parentheses.

    PHP function description

    Figure Below shows the HTML form that gathers marks for an
    individual
    student. Notice that each assignment has a maximum mark.
    In the example
    shown, the assignment is marked out of 80 rather than 100.
    This means that the PHP script should convert the mark into
    a percentage before saving it in the database.

    The HTML form used to enter a students mark into the assessment system

    PHP provides a range of facilities to allow web database


    developers to retrieve data from a database and merge this
    dynamic content with static content on a web page
    Figure Below shows the architecture of a typical web database
    application.

    A three-tier web database application

    There are six steps to querying a database from a PHP script:


    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6.

    Open a connection to the DBMS


    Specify which database to use
    Pass a database query to the DBMS and capture the result set
    Fetch the rows from the result set for processing
    For each row, display the data retrieved
    Close the connection to the DBMS.

    The PHP foreach statement

    The web page generated by Version 1.0 of SurnameSearch.php

    Using a PHP while statement to loop through an SQL result


    set always follows this pattern:
    1 fetch the first row from the result set into a variable
    2 while this variable actually holds a row of data:
    (a) display the data
    (b) fetch the next row from the result set.

    The PHP while statement

    The keyword for is followed by three expressions, in parentheses.


    The first declares a loop counter, which is a variable that
    indicates the number of times the code block has been executed.
    \
    The second indicates when to stop typically, this states that
    the loop counter must be less than a fixed value.
    The third indicates how much to increase the loop counter by
    when the
    code block has been executed, which usually is 1.

    The PHP for statement

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