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A Brief history..
In the 1960s, three tankers in three different parts
of the world exploded causing a major disaster and
loss of life.
The common link was that all the three ships were
performing tank cleaning operations.
Tanks were being washed down with jets of water on an
oily surface in an Hydrocarbon and Oxygen rich
atmosphere.
In short.. the atmosphere was
NOT INERT, BUT EXPLOSIVE.
Keeping tanks inerted means cutting one side of the fire triangle and
hence avoiding any chances or Fire or Explosion.
An Oil Tanker carries petrolieum cargo, which give out flammable vapors .
In the absence of Inert gas, any source of ignition will cause the atmosphere
within a tank on the tanker to explode.
Cargo
BOMB
Loss Of Life
Loss of Ship
Pollution
Air (Oxygen)
Heat (External Spark)
Fuel (Cargo)
In absence of any
one side of the
original Fire
Triangle, the risk of
a fire is nonexistent.
Ine
rt G
as
NO FIRE
Safe Ship
8%
Inerted Condition
2.
1.
2.
3.
The Exhaust gases of the boiler are very hot and dirty and
requires treatment prior they are sent to the cargo tanks.
2.
Releases
excessive
pressure in
the cargo
tanks.
To cargo tanks
Boiler,
the flu gas
generator
Scrubber,
Is where the
IG is cleaned
and cooled
Deck seal a
positive means of
sealing gases from
E/ Rm
A Marine Boiler
Boiler Furnace
It is the place where the fuel is burnt to generate steam. The hot
exhaust gases from the furnace is sucked by the IG blower through the
scrubber.
Scrubber
Demister helps draning the carried water from the inert gas
Seawater is sprayed
through nozzles
Sprayed water
2.
Fresh water
washing line
of the
blower
Suction from
the boiler
through the
scrubber
IG Blower drain, This
drain to be left open
during periods when Fan
is not operating to avoid
accumulation of water in
the blower casing
The blower sucks the Flu gases from the scrubber and sends it to
the cargo tanks through the deck seal
E/room side
E/room side
A Water
seal is
formed
When IG is in operation
Demister helps draning the carried water from the Inert Gas
This gives a positive means of Gas Seal between Cargo tanks and Engine
Room
Deck Seal
IG Pipe to Deck
IG pipe from
Engine room
Deck Seal
Glass fitted on the
body of the deck
seal to check the
water level
Non Return
Valve
IG Line going
on deck
Deck Seal
IG Line
IG Line
IG Line
IG Line
Filled with
antifreeze
mixture
Main IG Line
Gauge glass to see water
level in the PV breaker
PV Breaker
Main IG line
Gas Outlet
line
G
I
o
ted t
c
e
n
n
Co
Mast Riser
Valve
PV Breaker
IG Line
The Mast riser is opened to vent out gases from the cargo tank to
atmosphere during loading. The Height (6 mtrs or more) of the mast riser
helps dispersing the toxic vapor to the atmosphere
In case of malfunction in the valve of the mast riser the PV breaker will release the
Pressure Or Vaccum from the cargo tanks
Mast Riser in
Operation
The Mast Riser is placed as forward as possible on a tanker for the Toxic gases
to be dispersed well away from the Accommodation
Pressure side
Vaccum Side
the
mai
n I
Gl
ine
As seen in the Photo the valve is shut and if the vessel continuous to load / discharge in
this condition. It will cause the cargo tank to damage due to under / over pressurization
The PV valve will come in operation much earlier and avoid the damage
The Key to this lock is only kept with the Chief Officer of the ship
2.
Pressure side
Vaccum side
This equipment is fitted on some of our vessels in the fleet and is used to
fill up small quantities of Inert gas to TOP Up the tanks during the loaded
passage, when the ullage spaces of the cargo tanks are small .
The Equipment is easier to start than firing the Main Boiler and saves a lot of
fuel and money
Thank you