2 - Imsn Master Cso Vso Compressed

International Maritime
Security Network, LLC.

MTSA/ISPS Code
CSO/VSO
Course
International Maritime Security Network, LLC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Introduction
Section 1
Please remember to:

Put cell phones on vibrate
If you need to leave, please do so
quietly
If you are tired please feel free to
stand
Help yourself to coffee and snacks
at any time.
Bathrooms and fire exits are:
Welcome
Please tell us a little about yourself
Where are you from?
What part of the Maritime industry do
you work in?
How long have you been working in
this industry?
What do you hope to get out of this

course?
Course Overview
Provide Knowledge required for both CSO
(Company Security Officer) & VSO (Vessel
Security Officer) to perform their duties in
accordance with;
Amendment to the Annex to the International
Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
(SOLAS), 1974 as amended and;
IMOs (International Maritime Organization)
ISPS Code parts A & B
Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA)
and 33 CFR, Subchapter HMaritime Security
Competencies to be achieved
See Handout (1)
Company Security Officer
Vessel Security Officer
Historical Prospective
Terrorism and the
Maritime Domain
Why are we here?

TERRORISM
The FBI defines terrorism as

The unlawful use of force or
violence against persons or
property to intimidate or coerce a
government, the civilian population,
or any segment thereof, in
furtherance of political or social
objectives.
Maritime Terrorism
Any person or group, acting outside
the jurisdiction of a sovereign state,
for a political motive, who (i)
executes or plots to execute an
attack against a ship, port facility or
offshore facility or (ii) attempts to
further their political motives by
utilizing elements in the maritime
environment to execute an act of
terrorism.
The differences between guerrilla

warfare and terrorism
Defining Terrorism
Guerrilla Warfare
Purposeful targeting of
Military personnel and
installations in order to
achieve a political goal
Revolutionaries
Anarchists
Freedom Fighters
Terrorism
Purposeful targeting of
Civilians in order to achieve a
political goal
USS Cole on 12-Oct-00 was

attacked by 2 suicide bombers.
17 Sailors where killed
39 Sailors where injured
By Al Qaeda
The Seaborne
Spirit
5 Nov - 05
Palestine Liberation Front (PLF)

Muhammad Abu Abbas, Oct 7th, 1985 four
PLF militants seized the Achille-lauro.
These terrorist killed Leon Klinghoffer, an
elderly, wheelchair bound, Jewish man,
and threatened to blow up the ship. All of
this was in effort to negotiate the release
of 50 Palestine prisoners.
The Tamil Tigers

The most powerful Tamil group in Sri Lanka, founded in 1976.
Uses overt and illegal methods to raise funds, acquire weapons,
and publicize its cause of establishing an independent Tamil
state. Began its armed conflict with the Sri Lankan Government
in 1983 and relies on a guerrilla strategy that includes the use of
terrorist tactics.
The Tamil Tigers

The world's largest unregistered navy with approximately 10,000
armed combatants in Sri Lanka; about 3,000 to 6,000 form a
trained cadre of fighters. The LTTE also has a significant overseas
support structure for fundraising, weapons procurement, and
propaganda activities.
Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)

Smallest and most radical of the Islamic separatist groups
operating in the southern Philippines. Split from the Moro National
Liberation Front in 1991 under the leadership of Abdurajik
Abubakar Janjalani, who was killed in a clash with Philippine
police on 18 December 1998.
Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)

Activities: Uses bombs, assassinations, kidnappings, and
extortion payments to promote an independent Islamic state in
western Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago, areas in the
southern Philippines.
The attack of the Limburg

Happened 2002 in Yemen
Attack was done by Al Qaeda
Same type of attack as the Cole
F.A.R.C.
Established in 1964 as a ruralbased, pro-Soviet guerrilla army.
Has been anti-United States since
its inception.
Located in Columba
Attacks of 9-11
Current security
threats & patterns
Whats going on today
Potential maritime targets

LNG tankers
Nuclear waste carriers
Oil Tankers
Cargo ships
OSC Platforms
Maritime Transportation Threats
Piracy and armed attacks

Terrorism
Contraband smuggling
Stowaways and refugees
Cargo theft
Collateral damage
Piracy
Could it be terrorism?
Piracy defined:
Shipping robbery on the high seas,
especially the stealing of a ships
cargo
Air the hijacking of an aircraft or
another form of transportation
transport robbery committed on
board any form of transportation,
especially an aircraft.
Murder on the high seas
Piracy is worldwide
One of the worlds hot spots
Straits of Malacca
Piracy
The Straits of Gibraltar
Morocco & Tangiers
Reporting Piracy
The Regional Piracy Centre
Receives and distributes information
Collates and analyzes information and
issues consolidated reporting to relevant
bodies.
Gives guidance on what ship owners and
ships operators can do to
prevent/suppress acts of piracy
Assists owners and crews of ships that
have been attacked
Locates vessels that have been seized by
pirates and recovers stolen cargoes
Check out www.iccwbo.org
The Goals of a Terrorists
Invoke fear and panic

Gain attention both politically and spiritually
Change the world to their religious beliefs
Rid the world of opposing beliefs.
To gain recognition for their cause
Terrorist Patterns
Use military type of development
and deployment:
Terrorist will pick a target to attack that
they feel has a good chance of
success
Reconnaissance of the planned target.
Funding and recruiting.
Planning and testing.
Execution and hopeful success.
Current Security Threats and

Patterns
Example: Osama Bin Laden & AlQaeda used U.S. training, U.S.
people, U.S. equipment & fuel to kill
thousands of people from all over he
world. And as you can see, it
worked well.
Ship & Port operations

and conditions
The Intermodal System
Intermodal; Door to Door
Intermodal; Door to Door
Most everything in your home came

to your doorstep by way of ship.
Intermodal scenario
Container is loaded in
Taiwan
It has your cargo and the
cargo of 10 others inside
of it.
It is placed on a truck
and sent to a port facility
It is loaded into a ship
Ship crosses ocean and
lands in Long Beach,
California, U.S.A.
It is off loaded and placed
in a holding area
It is then either loaded

onto a railcar or truck
The truck takes the
container to St. Louis
MO. to a distribution
center.
It is opened and your
cargo is placed onto
another smaller truck or
van.
Smaller truck brings it
right to your door.
So many hands and still
so EZ to slip something
through the system
Ship and facility operations

Discussion about various
operations
Your specific operation and the
inherent vulnerabilities
No one knows your operation better
than youuse this knowledge to
carefully evaluate threats and
corrective actions to mitigate them
Maritime Security
Policy
Section 2
International conventions, codes,

and recommendations
United Nations (UN)
Located in New York
International Maritime Organization

(IMO)
Branch of the U.N.
Located in London
Giving oversight to SOLAS
Controlling safety and security of the
high seas
International conventions, codes,

and recommendations
Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)
amendments
Chapter V
Reg. 19
Chapter XI
Regs. 3&5
Chapter XI-2
Regs. 1-13
Regulations & Codes

The ISPS Code
Part A
Sec 1 - 19
Part B
Guidance given for Part A
Example of how sections are laid out in both

parts A & B
Part A
1 > 1.2 > 1.2.5
Key words to remember:

Should & Shall are mandatory
May remains may, not absolute
MTSA Regulations
33 CFRNavigation and Navigable
Waters
Parts 101-106 Maritime Security
Part 101General
Part 103--Area Maritime Security
Part104Vessels
Part 105Facilities
Part 106Outer Continental Shelf
(OCS) Facilities
Definitions
SOLAS Chapter XI-2, Reg. 1
ISPS Code A/2 and B/2
33 CFR 101.105
Legal Implications
Action/non-action by security
personnel
33 CFR 101.400-420
ISPS Code A/4, 6
SOLAS Chapter XI-2
Entering foreign jurisdictions

Clear grounds
Legal Implications
Law Enforcement
Vessel, Facility & OCS owners and operators
must permit law enforcement personal, in the
performance of official duties, who show
proper ID to enter/board without delay or
obstruction.
Upon boarding or entering, will as soon as
possible explain their mission to the master,
operator, owner or designated agent.
This is found in 33 CFR 101.515(c)
Handling sensitiverelated information &

communications
SSI
Sensitive Security Information

Definition49 CFR 1520
ISPS CodeRecords
Documents / Communications
Handling SSI outside U.S.

The provisions in the plan relating to
ISPC Code, section 9.4 sub. sec. .
2, .4, .5, .7, .15, .17 and .18 of this
Part of the Code are considered as
confidential information, and cannot
be subject to inspection unless
otherwise agreed by the Contracting
Governments concerned.
Please turn in your ISPS Code to
9.4 and 9.8.1
Security
Responsibilities
Section 3
Security Responsibilities
Contracting Governments
Recognized Security Organizations
The Company
The Ship
The Facility
Facility Security Officer
Vessel and Facility personnel with specific
security duties
All other personnel
Contracting Governments
Specific Responsibilities
ISPS Code A/4, B/1.6-1.8, B/4
SOLAS , Chapter XI-2, Reg. 3
33 CFR, Part 101, 102
U.S. Coast Guard
Captain of the Port (COTP)
Federal Maritime Security Coordinator
(FMSC)
Area Maritime Security (AMS)
Recognized Security
Organizations
Specific Responsibilities
ISPS Code B/4.3-4.6
USCG is the RSO in U.S.No

other entities or companies
designated at this time.
The Company
The Company shall ensure that the
VSP contains a clear statement
emphasizing the masters authority
The Company shall designate a
CSO and a VSO and ensure they
are given the necessary support to
fulfill their duties and responsibilities
33 CFR 104.200-205
The Vessel
The Vessel shall comply with the
requirements of the VSP as per the
security level setISPS Part A/7.1
Compliance documentation
33 CFR 104.120
The Facility
The facility shall comply with the
relevant requirements of Chapter
XI-2 of SOLAS and the ISPS Code
ISPS Code Part A/14.1
Compliance documentation
33 CFR 105.105-150
Security Requirements
33 CFR 105.200
Security Personnel

Facility Security Officer
Vessel personnel with specific
security duties
Facility personnel with specific
security duties
All other personnel
Vessel Security
Assessment
Section 4
Vessel Security Assessment

A written document that is based on the
collection of background information and
the completion and analysis of an onscene surveysee 33 CFR
104.305a,b, and c
Essential & integral part of developing
the Vessel Security Plan
Must be carried out by person(s) with
appropriate skills/knowledge as identified
in 33 CFR 104.300d
On-Scene Survey
Vessel owner/operator must ensure
that an on-scene survey is
conducted for each vessel
Verify and collect background
information
Examines and evaluates existing
vessel protective measures,
procedures, and operations
On-scene Survey
On Scene Survey
Supervising the handling of cargo and the
delivery of ships stores; and
Ensuring that vessel security
communication, information, and
equipment are readily available.
Using the ships GAs to do the OSS
should be done to make sure that parts of
the vessel have not been changed and
door ways turned into bulk heads.
Analysis and recommendations

Analyzing background information,
the on-scene survey, and other
requirements of this part to provide
recommendations for the security
measures the vessel should include
in the VSPsee 33 CFR
104.305c
Threat analysis (documentation)
Threat Assessment Methodology

Reference NVIC 10-02 (hand-out)
Select a scenario
Use the information that you have
compiled in the 1st phase of your
assessment
Things to consider:
Your type of vessel
Your cargo
Your crew
Your route
Threat Assessment Methodology

The evolution of Assessment process
Table 1 scenario selections
Score consequence as it relates

to your vessel
Note the fact that the consequence
score will not change.
You need to look at the big picture
and understand where your
consequence truly scores.
Explanation:
Impact of 9-11
Lose of life
Ecological damage
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Computing the scores

Go to table 5 work sheet
First, plug in the Consequence score
Then, add both of the Accessibility
scores together
Take the Consequence score and the
total Accessibility score and run them
through the Threat Matrix.
Find out what vulnerabilities you have to
Mitigate, Consider, or Document.
Table 5
Mitigation definitions
Mitigate:
Mitigation strategies, such as security
protective measures and/or procedures,
may be developed to reduce risk for that
scenario. An appendix to the VSP may
contain the scenario(s) evaluated, the
results of the evaluation, a description of
the mitigation measures evaluated, and
the reason mitigation measures were or
were not chosen.
Consider:
The scenario should be considered
and mitigation strategies should be
developed on a case-by-case basis.
The VSP may contain the
scenario(s) evaluated, the results of
the evaluation, and the reason
mitigation measures were or were
not chosen.
Document:
The scenario may not need a mitigation
measure at this time and therefore needs
only to be documented. However,
mitigation measures having little cost
may still merit consideration. The
security plan may contain the scenario
evaluated and the results. This will be
beneficial in further revisions of the VSP,
to know if the underlying assumptions
have changed since the last edition of
the security assessment.
Security Assessment
Documentation
Use of Assessment checklists
NVIC 10-02
VSA Reportsee 33 CFR
104.305(d)
Security Equipment
Section 5
Security Equipment
Personal Identification (ID Badges)
Laminated or secured against tampering
Contain:
Individuals full 1st name and last names with
middle initial
An accurate passport type photo that is
current
Bear the name of the issuing authority
A government authority or organization
The persons employer, union or trade
association must also be on the card
Watermark
Security Equipment
ID scanners
Security Equipment
Key pad entries
Security Equipment
Screening equipment
Hand Held
Scanners
Body
Scanner
Shoe scanner
Letter scanner
Security Equipment
Use of dogs not only works, but is a good deterrent
to the would-be attackers that might be doing
reconnaissance
Security Equipment
Adequate lighting
is one of the best
ways to put up the
air of security.
Remember that
bad guys dont like
light
Also a very good
counter swimmer
device.
Security Equipment
Good fencing and gates
Security Equipment
Waterside Perimeter
security
Security Equipment
Testing, Calibration,
and Maintenance
It is the duty of the VSO to ensure that the
security equipment is properly working,
operated, tested, maintained, and calibrated
Records of all maintenance, calibration and
testing of security equipment
See 33 CFR 104.235(b)(5)
This record must be protected from
unauthorized access or disclosure
These records must be keep for a minimum of 2
years and must be made available to the USCG
upon request
Vessel Security Plan

VSP
Section 6
Purpose of the VSP

Address each vulnerability identified
in the VSA (VSAR)
Describe security measures for
each MARSEC Level
Each vessel must have a VSP
approved by the USCG (MSC)
See 33 CFR 104.400
Contents of the VSP

General Sections of VSP are listed
in 33 CFR 104.405
Specific details of content that must
be included in all Sections, is listed
in 33 CFR 104, Subpart B,
104.200-104.297, as applicable
SSAS plan for SOLAS vessels
Confidentiality Issues
The VSP must be protected from
unauthorized access or disclosure!
The VSP shall be considered Sensitive
Security Information (SSI) and must
conform to the handling requirements
identified in NVIC 10-04
Contents of VSP are generally not
subject to inspection by Port State
Control (SOLAS vesselsISPS A/9.8.1)
Development of the VSP

The CSO is responsible for
ensuring that the VSP is prepared
and submitted for approval
Security measured identified in the
VSP must be in place by the time
the plan is audited by the USCG
(local COTP)
Development of the VSP

Discussion and Review
Of VSP Development
33 CFR 104.405(b)
33 CFR 104.200-104.297
Approval of the VSP

The VSP must be written in English and
submitted to MSC for approval
3 Stages of Approval:
General compliance of all main
Sections
Compliance with detailed requirements
of all Sections
Congruent with area Port Security
Plan and practical for nature of vessel
See 33 CFR 104.410
Implementation of the VSP

Ensure ALL personnel receive
appropriate training and regular drills and
exercises
Ensure coordination of security issues
takes place between facilities and vessels
Ensure security communications are
readily available and that security
systems and equipment are installed and
maintained
See 33 CFR 104.200additional
issues
Maintenance and Amendment of

the VSP
Amendments to the VSP

Records and Documentation
Annual Audit reviews
See 33 CFR 104.415
Threat Identification,
Recognition, and
Response
Section 7
Recognition and detection of

weapons, dangerous
substances and devices
Weapon Identification
Beretta 9mm
9mm, Semi, Magazine Fed, Recoil
Operated
Colt 1911
.45 Cal, Semi, Magazine Fed,
Recoil Operated
MP 5
9 MM, Semi & Auto, Gas operated,
Mag Fed,
M 4 Carbine
5.56 MM, Mag Fed, Gas Operated,
AK 47
7.62 MM, Semi and Auto, Mag Fed,
Gas Operated
AK 47
P 90
5.56 MM,
Uzi
PM
PM
Russian AK design, assassin's

Weapon
Note easy way it breaks down
Can you tell the real one?
Real
Air Soft
Real
Air Soft
Air Soft
Real
Real
Air Soft
Air Soft
Real
The right answer is that they are

ALL real in the dark!
Ammunitions
Chemical Bomb
Chemical bomb
IEDs
Mail bombs
Suspicious Mail
Hard or ridged
Oily marks on the
outside
The feel of wires
Lots of postage
Directed to a
specific person
Methods of physical
searches and nonintrusive inspections
Practical Exercise
Methods of Physical
Screening and Inspections
Methods of Physical
Screening and Inspections
Implementing and
coordinating searches
Implementation and
Coordinating Searches
Planning and practicing searches
Check-card system
Necessary equipment
flashlights and batteries;

screwdrivers, wrenches and crowbars;
mirrors and probes;
gloves, hard hats, overalls and non-slip footwear;
plastic bags and envelopes for collection of evidence;
forms on which to record activities and discoveries
Implementation and
Systematic search procedures
Search teams
Dividing rooms/spaces into sections
Focused attention and clearing areas
Crew members and facility personnel

should not be allowed to search their own
areas in recognition of the possibility that
they may have concealed packages or
devices in their own work or personal
areas
Known areas for concealment
(See Handout)
Implementation and
Room searching
There is a system: from the center up 90 degrees
and then up another 90 degrees
2 man teams ALWAYS

At HQ keep track of clear areas
Recognition of persons
posing potential
security risks
Non-discriminatory basis
Characteristics and behavioral

patterns
The Secret Service believes that inquiry
should focus on an individuals behaviors
and communications to determine if the
individual appears to be planning or
preparing for an attack. Behavior, bodylanguage and communication are more
effective indicators to measure an
aggressors escalation.

patterns
The U.S. Secret Service reports that the
use of profiles, particularly racial or
ethnic profiles, is not effective either for
identifying individuals who may pose a
risk for targeted violence or once an
individual has been identified for
assessing the risk that a particular
individual may pose for targeted
violence.

patterns
Profiling:
Ethnic back ground
Religion
Dress
Actions
Accents
Beliefs
Political following

patterns
Profiling: the facts
You cannot tell by any means who might be a
terrorist
In the Maritime Security field any person coming
onto your vessel could posse a threat
Visitors
Check IDs for fakes
Venders
Dont assume they have not been approached
Persons taking pictures of vessel or facility
Note that the U.S. 33-CFR doesnt refer to nondiscriminatory bases

patterns
Security personnel should understand
and react to persons exhibiting unsafe
appearance or behavior. Cues to unsafe
appearance:
Inappropriate clothing for weather
Conscious and unconscious re-adjusting of
clothing
Suspicious bulges in clothing
Unconscious checking for weapon
Suspicious persons/activities
(hand-out)
Techniques used to
circumvent security
measures
Techniques Used to Circumvent

Security Measures
In 2005, Al-Qaida trained over

200 divers. These are 2 that
where caught in the Philippines
Techniques Used to Circumvent

Security Measures
Disabling alarm systems

Lock picking equipment
Glass cutting equipment
Wire / Bolt cutters
Fake ID badges / uniforms
CCTV disabling spray
Computer hacking
Crowd Management & Control

VSOs, FSOs and CSOs may find
themselves conducting crowd control in
very difficult situations. They may discover
that some groups will not accept them.
They may have to impose order in their
area of jurisdiction to protect employees,
passengers and the general public.
Moreover, they will be under intense
media and political scrutiny. Enlightened
command and control techniques help to
make decision-making more effective in
an emergent crowd control situation.

Scenarios that may require Crowd
Control
Sporting/Social Events
Demonstrations
Humanitarian/Environmental
Protests
Loading/Unloading of passengers
Civil War/Unrest

Contributing Factors
Alcohol
Drug Abuse
Fear
Hooliganism
Poor Administration/Management
Employee/Union Disputes

Important questions are as follows:
Who are they? What is the overarching identity of the
crowd?
What are their goals?
What is the composition of the crowd and are there
any known factions?
What are they capable of doing?
What are their traditional behaviors or cultural
repertoires?
When and where will they assemble?
Where will they go?
What are the possible targets of violence?
What is the worst case scenario?
When and where will they disperse?
Are there plans for subsequent gatherings?

For vessels and facilities, planning
must include:
Organizing emergency procedures
Optimizing the use of resources
Controlling the response to emergencies by
identifying, prioritizing and controlling the
most critical threats.
Controlling crew, passengers and other
personnel during emergency situations
Establishing and maintaining effective
communications

Training programs should be designed by
to train crewmembers and security
personnel in:
Vessel layout and familiarization

Location of safety and emergency equipment
Location of emergency exits
Use of personal lifesaving appliances
Compliance of the ships safety and
emergency procedures
Crowd management and communications
during an emergency situation

Control and Management
Inner, Intermediate, and outer
cordons
Enforcing cordons
Access Control measures

Manned Checkpoints
Natural/Physical barriers
Tapes funneling persons
Monitoring/Communication
Equipment
Signage
Ship Security Actions

Section 8
Security levelsrequired actions

The Commandant of the USCG will
set the MARSEC level consistent
with the Homeland Security
Advisory System (HSAS)
Homeland Security
Advisory System
Maritime Security Level
LOW
GUARDED
MARSEC LEVEL 1
ELEVATED
HIGH
MARSEC LEVEL 2
SEVERE
MARSEC LEVEL 3

MARSEC Level 1
The level for which
minimum Appropriate
protective security
measures shall be
maintained at all times
MARSEC Level 2
Means the level for
which appropriate
additional protective
security measures
shall be maintained for
a period of time as
result of heightened
risk of a transportation
security
MARSEC Level 3
Means the level for
which further specific
protective security
measures shall be
maintained for a
limited period of time
when a transportation
security incident is
probable or imminent,
although it may not be
possible to identify the
specific target.

If a higher MARSEC Level is set for the COTP
zone in which the vessel is located or are about
to enter, they will comply, without undue delay,
with all measures specified in the VSP for
compliance with that higher MARSEC Level;
The COTP is notified as required by 33 CFR
101.300(c) when compliance with the higher
MARSEC Level has been implemented; and
For vessels in port that compliance with the
higher MARSEC Level has taken place within
12 Hours of notification; and

For MARSEC Levels 2 and 3, the VSO will
implement additional security measures and notify
all personnel of the change in Security Level,
identified threats, and emphasize reporting
procedures and stress the need for increased
vigilance;
For MARSEC Level 3, the VSO will implement
further additional security measures as directed in
this Vessel Security Plan (pursuant to 33 CFR part
6, 160, or 165) or as directed by the COPT, such
as arrangements to ensure that the vessel can be
towed or moved if deemed necessary by the
Coast Guard;
Non-compliance issues must be reported
immediately.
Security levelsadditional issues

Unless otherwise directed each port,
vessel, and facility shall operate at
MARSEC Level 1;
The COTP may temporarily raise the
MARSEC Level for the port, a specific
marine operation within the port or a
specific industry within the port when
necessary to address exigent
circumstances
Maintaining Security of the

Vessel/Facility Interface
Definition of Interface (33 CFR
101.105)
Security Measures during interfaces
effected by MARSEC Levels
Coordination of duties between
CSO, VSO, and FSO
Review of VSP and FSP
Declaration of Security (DoS)

Definition of Declaration of Security (33
CFR 101.105)
Contracting governments determine
when a DoS shall be completed
Determined by type of vessel and current
MARSEC Level
Continuing DoSs
COTP request at any time
Master, VSO, or designated

representative must complete it
Declaration of Security (DoS)

May be requested by vessel
when:
Vessel is at higher MARSEC Level;
Agreements between Contracting
Governments for certain vessels or
voyages;
Security threat or incident
Interfacing facility is not required to
have an approved FSP
Interfacing vessel is not required to
have an approved VSP
Implementation of Security
Measures
Security Measures to be taken at
all three MARSEC Levels
Performance of all vessel security duties

Access Control
Restricted Areas
Handling Cargo
Delivering vessel stores and bunkers
Monitoring and Communication
Additional measures for cruise ships,
passenger vessels, and ferries
Implementation of Security
Measures
Putting it all into actionan
ongoing process
Defined security duties and
responsibilities
Training, Drills, and Exercises
Security Challenges
Regular communication of security
procedures, threats, and concerns
Emergency
Preparedness, Drills &
Exercises
Section 9
Contingency Planning
Contingency plans are based on any
security incident the vessel may
encounter and are guidelines for the
VSO to follow. Each security incident
will merit its own evaluation, and the
procedures and measures used will be
based on several factors that only the
VSO can decide at the time of the
security incident. Any such actions
taken shall always consider the safety
of the crew, passengers, and vessel as
priority.
Action to take in the event of a
security incident
All vessel personnel are familiar with the
various types of security incidents through
security training provided by the company, to
include the appropriate communication lines of
reporting;
Any personnel having knowledge of or
witnessing a security incident, of any degree,
will immediately notify the VSO or Master with
particulars;
The VSO will notify, without delay, the CSO,
National Response Center (NRC) and the local
COTP, and take instructions as are available for
responding to a given security incident;
Action to take in the event of a
security incident (cont.)
The VSO will ensure communication lines are
maintained with the above entities and any other
agencies involved in responding to a security incident;
Pilot House will immediately be secured;
The VSO will convene a meeting and brief personnel;
The VSO will sound alarms as appropriate, to include
the SSAS, depending on the immediacy and severity
of the incident.
Implement measures for various contingency plans,
as appropriate;
Prepare to evacuate all personnel and visitors from
the vessel.
Emergency Contact Information for
the following incidents:
Notification of suspicious activities,
persons, or packages;
Notification of breaches of security;
Notification of transportation security
incident (TSI)
(See enclosed contact information)
Hijacking
Bomb Threat
Unidentified objects / explosives on
vessel, in baggage, stores, or persons
Damage to / destruction of port facility
Piracy and other hostile boarding
Stowaways
Searching vessel
Security Drills and Exercises

Must test proficiency of vessel personal
in assigned security duties at all
MARSEC Levels.
Implementation of security measures due
to a raise in MARSEC Level can be listed
as a drill if the report is sent to the COTP.
Will enable the VSO to Identify any
related security deficiencies that need to
be addressed.

Drills
Must be conducted every 3 months, except
when the vessel is out of service due to
repairs.
Must be repeated when crew change is 25%
or greater (within one week).
Must test individual elements of the VSP
Each drill must be recorded.
These reports will be reviewed by the USCG
upon inspections, and must have the date,
description of drill, participants, lessons
learned which may improve the VSP.

Example of Drills
Screening (reactive or preventative) of the
vessel, persons, baggage and vehicles
Unauthorized entry to restricted areas
Response to alarms
Communications
Notification to law enforcement authorities

Exercises
Conducted at least once each calendar year, with no
more than 18 months between exercises
Full scale or live;
Tabletop simulation or seminar format;
Combined with other appropriate exercises; or
Combined with elements of the above mentioned
exercises.
Vessel-specific or may be part of a cooperative
exercise
Tests communication and notification procedures, and
elements of coordination, resource availability, and
response.

Exercises are a full test of the security program
and include the substantial and active
participation of relevant company and ship
security personnel, and include facility security
personnel and government authorities depending
on the scope and the nature of the exercises.
A vessel while along side or moored at a facility it
may participate in the Facilitys scheduled drill.
Assessment of
Assessments of drills and exercises
helps to identify areas of proficiency
as well as areas of weakness.
Review lessons learned with
personnel participating.
Documentation
Third-Party Due Diligence

VSP reviews and
audits
Hard Security
testing
Crew Trainings
Coordinating Drill / Exercises

With Response Agencies
Local COTP
Bomb Squad
Contracted security and local law
enforcement
Emergency medical
Port facility
Mock Drill and Evaluation
(Screening and Searching)
Security Challenges
Access to the vessel
Access within the vessel to
Restricted Areas
3rd party due diligence
Helps minimize or eliminate fines or
penalties for non-compliance
Security Administration
Section 10
Documentation and Records

The VSO must retain all necessary
security records for at least two years
and make them available to the Coast
Guard upon request. These records may
be kept in electronic format, and if so
must be protected against unauthorized
deletion, destruction, or amendment.
Security-related records will also be kept
and protected by the VSO from
unauthorized access or disclosure.
Documentation and Records

Security Records see handout
International Ship Security
Certificate (ISSC) Held onboard
and valid for 5 years
Continuous Synopsis Record
SOLAS Chapter XI-1, Regulation 5
Reporting Security Incidents

Notification of suspicious activities,
persons, or packages
Notification of breaches of security
Notification of transportation security
incident (TSI)
NOTE: Callers to the NRC should be prepared to provide
the following information:
Their own name and contact information;
The name and contact information of the suspicious or
responsible party;
The location of the incident as specifically as possible;
and
The description of the incident or activity involved.
Monitoring and Control

Proper administration of the VSP by
the VSO and CSO
Security Inspections and audits
Records and documentation
Amendments to plan
Security Audits and

Inspections
The CSO or VSO must ensure an
audit of the VSP is performed
annually, beginning no later than
one year from the initial date of
approval, and attach a letter to the
VSP certifying that the VSP meets
the applicable requirements.
Security Audits and

Inspections
Unless impracticable due to the size
and nature of the company or vessel,
personnel conducting internal audits of
the security measures specified in the
VSP or evaluating its implementation
must:
Have knowledge of methods for
conducting audits and inspections, and
security, control, and monitoring
techniques;
Not have regularly assigned security
duties;
Be independent of any security measures
being implemented.
Reporting Nonconformities
Change in the companys or vessels
ownership or operator
Modifications to the vessel, including
but not limited to physical structure,
emergency response procedures,
security measures, or operations
Require amendments of either the
VSA or VSP must be submitted to the
MSC for review and approval no later
than 30 days after completion of the
audit and a letter certifying that the
amended VSP meets the applicable
requirements.
Security Training
Section 11
Training Requirements

Personnel with Security Duties
All Other Personnel
(33 CFR 104.210, 215, 220, 225)
Instructional Techniques
Instructional
The CSO & VSO must train persons
with and with out security duties.
The method of teaching must take
into account social / cultural
background of trainees
It is important to explain, show, and
review every topic that you teach to
ensure the student fully understands
Lecture / Slide Shows
Handouts / Quizs
Group Discussions
Instructional Techniques
Practical / Hands-on
Scenario-based training and case
studies
Build scenarios with your students.
This will help keep them always
thinking about security
Screening and Searching
Vessels, Persons, Baggage and stores
Buildings, rooms
Other unique areas

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Please remember to:

What do you hope to get out of this

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Why are we here?

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The FBI defines terrorism as

The differences between guerrilla

USS Cole on 12-Oct-00 was

Palestine Liberation Front (PLF)

The Tamil Tigers

The Tamil Tigers

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)

The attack of the Limburg

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Potential maritime targets

Nuclear waste carriers

Maritime Transportation Threats

Piracy and armed attacks

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One of the worlds hot spots

The Straits of Gibraltar

Morocco & Tangiers

The Goals of a Terrorists

Invoke fear and panic

Current Security Threats and

Ship & Port operations

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Intermodal; Door to Door

Intermodal; Door to Door

Most everything in your home came

It is then either loaded

Ship and facility operations

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International conventions, codes,

International Maritime Organization

International conventions, codes,

Regulations & Codes

Example of how sections are laid out in both

Key words to remember:

Entering foreign jurisdictions

Handling sensitiverelated information &

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Sensitive Security Information

Handling SSI outside U.S.

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USCG is the RSO in U.S.No

Vessel Security Officer

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Vessel Security Assessment

Analysis and recommendations

Threat Assessment Methodology

Threat Assessment Methodology

Table 1 scenario selections

Score consequence as it relates

Computing the scores

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Vessel Security Plan

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Purpose of the VSP