LIGHT WAVE PACKET

NETWORK
BY
C.AKSHAY-12L103
R.B KAARTHIC-12L119
AJAY ANAND-13L401
R.HARISELVAN-13L403
1

WHAT IS LIGHT WAVE

PACKET NETWORK??

PulsesofLight aretransmitted over fiber

that will enable computer networks to
communicate over greater distances.

Communication takes place at higher

rates of speed.

WHY PACKET WAVE

NETWORKS??

Light Wave Packet Networks offer complete

immunity to electricalInterferenceof any
type.

Light Wave Packet Networks also offer high

speed and reliability at a lower cost than can
electrical, copper-based networks, with either
coaxialCableorTwisted Pair wiring.
3

MEDIUM USED BY LIGHT WAVE

PACKET NETWORKS

The medium used to transmit light wave

packets is made possible by Fiber optic
technology.

Based

on

the

fact

that

pulses

of

light

transmitted over fiber will enable computer

networks

to

communicate

over

greater

distances at higher rates of speed

4

TYPE OF TRANSMISSION

Modern fiber-optic communication systems

include an optical transmitter to convert an
electrical signal into an optical signal

The information transmitted is

typicallydigital informationgenerated by
computers,telephone systems, andcable
televisioncompanies.
5

DATA RATE OF LIGHT WAVE

PACKET NETWORKS

Researchers atBell Labshave reached internet

speeds

of

over

100petabitkilometer

per

second using fiber-optic communication.

The first-generation optic fiber system operated

at a bit rate of 45Mbpswith repeater spacing of
up to 10km.

The

second

generation

optic

fiber

were

operating at bit rates of up to 1.7Gb/s with

repeater spacing up to 50km

Contd

The

third-generation

systems

operate

commercially at 2.5 Gbit/s with repeater

spacing in excess of 100km

The

fourth

communication
amplificationto
repeaters

generation

of

systems
reduce

the

fiber-optic
usedoptical
need

for

andwavelength-division

multiplexingto increasedata capacity.

7

Transmitters

The most commonly used optical transmitters

are semiconductor devices such aslight-emitting
diodes(LEDs) andlaser diodes.

The emitted light is incoherent with a relatively

wide spectral width of 30-60nm

Communications LEDs are most commonly made

fromIndium

gallium

arsenide

phosphide(InGaAsP) orgallium arsenide (GaAs).

8

Receivers

The main component of an optical receiver is

aphoto detector, which converts light into electricity
using thephotoelectric effect.

The primary photo detectors for telecommunications

are made fromIndium gallium arsenide

Optical-electrical converters are typically coupled

with atrans impedance amplifier and alimiting
amplifierto produce a digital signal in the electrical
domain from the incoming optical signal.
9

ARCHITECTURE

10

Contd

11

Contd

12

PROTOCOLS USED
Optical networking uses various standard
protocols. These include:

Synchronous

Optical

Networking

(SONET)
and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

Gigabit Ethernet
13

SERVICES SUPPORTED
Various Services Suported by Lightwave Network
are

High Bandwidth applications like Video

Conferencing

Multimedia applications like Video Streaming

High Definition Telepresence

Telemedicine and Remote Surgery

Video Instant Messaging and Video Presence

High-Definition Television
14

DISADVANTAGES
Disadvantages of Optical Network include

Higher Bandwidth

Network design complexities

Attenuation in fibre

Non-linearities in Fibre

Impedance Matching when using couplers

15

CURRENT RESEARCH

Switch Design used in architecture of

Optical Network
SPI Integrated Circuit
Chip Design-Processors
Packet Buffer design
Lifi

16