Satellite Communication

Advantages:
Easy to install new circuits
b. Circuit costs independent of distance
c. Broadcast possibilities
d. Temporary applications (restoration)
e. Mobile applications
f.
Terrestrial network "by-pass
g. User has control over own network
h. 1-for-N multipoint standby possibilities
When to use satellites:
i.
When the unique features of satellite communications make
it attractive
j.
When the costs are lower than terrestrial routing
k. When it is the only solution
a.

Typical Satellite Link

Geo-Synchronous Satellite

Ageosynchronous satelliteisasatelliteingeosynchronousorbit,
withanorbitalperiodthesameastheEarth'srotationperiod.

ThesatelliteplacedinGEO-STATIONARYandplacedatanaltitude
of22300milesor35900kmabovethegroundlevel.

Therotationofsatelliteissynchronizedwithearthrotationasa
resultsatelliteappearstobestationaryintheskyw.r.ttheearth
stationisconstant.Thereare3satellitesareplacedatangle120
inGEO-STATIONARYorbit,theyprovide100%coveragefromone
earthstationtoanywhereontheearth,thisconceptisshownbelow

Frequency Band :

L-Band(1-2GHz)
a. UsedinMarinSatellite
b. LowBWavailable
c. Easytoimplement

C-Band(4-8GHz)
a. Transmitat6Ghzandreceiveat4Ghz
b. Usedinlargeship
c. AlsousedinterrestrialMicrowavelink

Ku-Band(GHz)
a.
b.
c.
d.

a.

SatelliteTV
MoreBWavailable
Lessexpensive
The main disadvantage of Ku-Band is rain fade. The wavelength of rain
drops coincides with the wavelength of Ku-Band causing the signal to be
attenuated during rain showers. This can be overcome by transmitting
extra power but this of course comes with a cost as well.

Ka-Band (26.5-40 GHz

Use for high definition TV network.

VSAT Network Components

Hub Earth Station
Remote Earth Station
Satellite Transponder & Space Link
Network Control Centre
Interface Equipment

Antenna

VSAT Technology
TDMA
SCPC
DAMA Topology

TDMA (used for network that required low BW)

DAMA (Use for network that required Voice)
SCPC( Used for network that requires Heavy Data)
MF DTDMA-(Work between TDMA and DAMA)
Enterprise customer
All remotes gets at lease minimum Time slot.

Into iDirect
Hub Site
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.

HUB chassis
Line Card
Router / Switch
NMS / Protocol Processor
RF cable.
BUC / LNB
Antenna

Remote Site
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.

Compass / inclinometer
Remote antenna
BUC/ LNB
Satellite Modem
UTP cable / Console Cable
Option File
Tool Kit

Remote Site Modem

LED
Adaptor Voltage 24 V DC output
24 V DC supply to BUC from Modem
LAN Port
Console Port
TX out, RX in , RX out

iDirect Block Diagram

Required Equipment for Installation

a. Router
b. A

c.

in the field:

console cable with DB9 adapter. (Not required for Evolution X1 remote.)

A crossover LAN cable

d. A

digital (or analog) voltmeter plus adaptor from voltmeter to IFL F connector

e. A

hand-held GPS unit or a map that shows your current geographic location coordinates

f.

A laptop (or PC) with:

g.

Window 7, Windows XP or Windows 2000, Service Pack 3

h.

A minimum of 512 MB RAM

i.

A minimum processor speed of 1 GHz

j.

A minimum of 50 MB of free disk space

k.

The correct options file provided to you by your Service Provider

l.

The correct remote software and board support packages from the iDirect TAC Web page

iDirect Software/ File

iBuilder
iMonitor
iSite
Image File & Option File
IP Subnetting.
Console Port and LAN Port
HyperTerminal

Procedure
Identify the Default IP of Modem
Bring the Laptop to the modem Network
Upgrade the modem in required Version
Load the option file taken from HUB
Change the computer IP assigned in option
file
Connect the modem
Check the version and IP
Open the isite and Tune the antenna.