Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Levels of Reproduction
Organism : Sexual and
asexual
Cells : Cellular division
Genetic
: DNA replication
DNA
Replication
The appearance of
the hybrid band and
the disappearance of
the heavy band after
one generation
eliminates
conservative
replication
The subsequent
appearance of two
bands, one light and
The chemistry of
DNA synthesis
Question
How the DNA replication
proceeds in prokaryotes
and eukaryotes ?
DNA Repair
Correcting the spontaneous
changes in DNA.
Changes could be due to heat,
metabolic accidents, radiation,
exposure to substances in the
environment.
Fewer than one in 1000 accidental
base changes in DNA results in a
permanent mutation.
Xeroderma Pigmentum
DNA Repair
Most repair system require that a
damaged section of the DNA be
excised, that is, selectively
removed.
Consequently, if one or more
nucleotides is removed from one
strand, the complementary strand
can serve as a template for
reconstruction of the duplex.
Nucleotide Excision
Repair (NER)
Operates by a cut-and patch
mechanism that removes a variety
of bulky lesions, including
pyrimidines dimers and
nucleotides which various chemical
groups have become attached.
Nucleotide Excision
Repair (NER)
Two pathways distinguished in NER
- Transcription-coupled
pathway , repairs the
template)
- Global pathway, corrects DNA
strands in the
remainder of the genome)
Nucleotide excision
repair
(Global
Pathway)
Separation
(Pemisahan)
Incision
(Pemotongan)
Excision
(Pembuangan)
Filled by DNA
polymerase
Sealed (Penempelan)
by DNA
ligase
The End