Control Statement

Control Statements

if else statement
the switch - case statement
the while do loop
the do while loop
the for loop

If else condition
Syntax:
if (<expression>)
{
<statement>;
}
else
{
<statement>;
}

if (x>10)
{
x=0;
else
{
x=x+1;

}
}

if (b == 100)
{
program statements
}
else
{
program statements
}

If condition
The
can be used without the else part.
Whatif-else
aboutstatement
this?
if (x!=0)
{
if (y>0 || x>0)
printf(x not zero);
{
}

printf(x or y is more than zero);

}
The printf statement will only be executed if x is not
zero.
if (y>0 && x>0)
{
printf(x and y are more than zero);
}

Example 1
Write a program to determine whether a person is eligible
to vote.
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int age;
printf("\n Enter the age: ");
scanf("%d", "&age");
if(age >= 18)
{
printf("\n You are eligible to vote");
return 0;
}

Example 2
Write a program to find whether the given number is even
or odd.
.
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int num;
printf("\n Enter any number: ");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(num%2 == 0)
{
printf("\n %d is an even number", num);
else
{
printf("\n %d is an odd number", num);
return 0;
}

}
}

Example 3
Write a program to print Congratulation if a student pass
the exam.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
int score;
printf("Insert the amount of score :\n");
scanf("%d", &score);
if (score >= 50)
//test on ==, !=
{
printf ("Congratulations!\n");
}
printf ("Your score is %d\n", score);
return (0);
}

Example 4
Write a program to print Congratulation and the grade if
a student pass the exam.
#include<stdio.h>
void main(void)
{ int score;
char grade = 'F';
printf("Insert the amount of score :\n");
scanf("%d", &score);

//test on (score >= 50 && score <= 100)

if (score >= 50)
{
grade = 'p';
printf ("Congratulations! \n");
}
printf ("Your score is %d\n", score);
printf ("your grade is %c\n", grade);

Example 5
/*Name: Er Teck Khiang*/
/*Title: Lecture 4: Programme 9*/
/*Date: 29/04/05*/
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
int score;
printf("Insert the amount of score :\n");
scanf("%d", &score);
if (score >= 50)
{
if (score >= 85)
{
printf ("Congratulations! \n");
else
{
printf ("You got a pass.\n");
}
printf ("Your score is %d\n", score);
return (0);
}

}
}

Common Mistake
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf(input an interger);
scanf(%d, j);
if (j>0);
{
printf(\nA positive number was entered!);
}
return 0;
}

Have a rest! See you next class

if if else - else:
An option else can be added
if (mark > 80)
{
printf(Congratulation!\n);
}
else if (mark > 50)
{
printf(you pass this subject\n);
}
else
{
printf(You fail.\n);
}

Example 6
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
else if (score
{
{
int score;
grade =
char grade;
}
printf("Insert the score :\n");
else if (score
scanf("%d", &score);
{
grade =
if (score >= 85)
}
{
else
grade = 'A';
{
}
grade =
else if (score >= 80)
}
{
grade = 'B';
printf (Score
}
printf (Grade
else if (score >= 70)
return (0);
{
}
grade = 'C';
}

>= 60)
'D';
>= 50)
'E';

'F';
is %d\n", score);
is %c\n", grade);

if if - else:
An option else can be added
if (mark > 80)
{
printf(Congratulation!\n);
}
if (mark > 50)
{
printf(you pass this subject\n);
}
else
{
printf(You fail.\n);
}

Example 7
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
if (score >= 60 && score < 70)
{
{
int score;
grade = 'D';
char grade;
}
printf("Insert the score :\n");
if (score >= 50 && score < 60)
scanf("%d", &score);
{
grade = 'E';
if (score >= 85 && score <=100)
}
{
If (score >= 0 && score < 50)
grade = 'A';
{
}
grade = 'F';
if (score >= 80 && score < 85)
}
{
grade = 'B';
printf (Score is %d\n", score);
}
printf (Grade is %c\n", grade);
if (score >= 70 && score < 80)
return (0);
{
}
grade = 'C';
}

Example 8

#include<stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
int x, y, z, min;

printf("Input three integers:");

scanf("%d%d%d", &x, &y, &z);
if (x<y)
{
min = x;
else
{
min = y;
if (z < min)
{
min = z;

}
}
}

printf("The minimum value is %d\n", min);

return (0);
}

Sleepy mode???
Lets have some practical

Question 1
Produce if statement to determine whether variable
int y is greater than 10 and less than 15 and print out
the message within the range.
solution:
if (y > 10 && y < 15)
{
printf(%c,y);
}

Question 2
Write a program to test whether a number
entered is positive, negative or equal to zero.

Nested if
#include<stdio.h>
int main( )
{
int number;
printf(Enter a number between 1 and 99);
scanf(%d,&number);
if (number > 0 && number < 100)
{
printf(Number within the range\n);
if (number < 10)
{
printf(one digit); }
else
{
printf(two digit); }
}
else
{ printf(number not within range); }
return 0;
}

Question 3
use the if statement to check that an input
integer p is between 1 and 9, but not 5.
When the above condition is met, your program
should print out the character p with the
message p is between 1 and 9 and is not a 5 but
is - followed by the value of p.

a solution..
main()
{
scanf(%d,&p);
if (p > 0 && p !=5 && p<10)
{
printf(p is between 1 and 9 and not 5);
printf(p is %d,p);
}
... rest of program
}

Tutorial 1

Write a nested if else complete C program

that will assign a character grade to the marks
as shown in the table below. The user should
be able to enter a mark and the output should
be the corresponding grade.
A 80 100
B 60 79
C 50 59
D 40 49
F 0 39

Tutorial 2

Read an integer value. Assume it is the

number of a month of the year; print out
the name of that month.

Tutorial 3

Write a program which reads two integer

values. If the first is less than the
second, print the message up. If the
second is less than the first, print the
message down. If the numbers are
equal, print the message equal If there is
an error reading the data, print a
message containing the word Error and
perform exit( 0 );