STAGES OF

TEACHER'S
DEVELOPMENT
Presented by,
Adilah Safwanah & Intan Liana

Five
Developm
ent of
Five stages of
development are:
Teachers
(Trotter,19
The novice level
86)
(beginner teachers)

The advanced novice

level / Competent level
The effectivelevel
The expert level
The master level

Novice Level
Advanced Novice Level
Effective Level
Expert Level
Master Level

Trotter (1986) argues that teachers need

many years of experience and shift to the
skilled and only a handful of them will
achieve progress at the expert level.
Pre-service teachers in Teaching degree
program may be moved from the novice
to the advanced novice and start heading
to the efficient level when they become
teachers in school.

1
NOVIC
E
LEVEL

NOVICE
When does this stage begin?
TEACHER
This stage begins when you are registered as a
student teacher education (teacher education
students) in Teaching degree program.

The novices learn the specific facts

objectively and master the basic concepts
and principles in action.
They began to acquire some basic skills,
master the terminology related to his
profession and gather initial ideas about
teaching duties.

NOVICE
Novice
teachers do not have the skills that are required
TEACHER
to handle teaching in a classroom.
able to form a cognitive map of the
general duties of a professional teacher
through courses offered.
Teaching degree program as an
introduction to psychology and child
development, educational philosophy
and history of education.

ADVANCE
2
NOVICE
LEVEL/
COMPETENT
LEVEL

When
does
this
stage
begin?

ADVANCE NOVICE LEVEL/ COMPETENT LEVEL

The exposure to the actual situation

of the school
School Based Experience
Practicum
in which this experienced / efficient
teachers help teachers gain experience
in performing daily tasks.

Experience and exposure to the realities of

school can help further deepen
understanding of novice teachers about
the needs and demands of the teaching
profession.

VIDEO
BREAK

effective /
competent
level

Effective/
Competent
Level
Teacher

The third stage :The teacher

achieved the skills in their
respective fields.
The teacher had a certificate
or a degree in teaching to
meet the eligibility
requirement.
Efficiency (competence)
actually is a minimum for a
function as a qualified
educator.

When does this competent stage

begin?
Begins when you accept an offer of
appointment as a teacher.
Teachers require between two and five
years of teaching experience and at
the same time being open to new
learning or ready to receive additional
training in service.
If they leave the teaching profession
before the five years of service, chances
are they did not even reach the level of

COMPETENT LEVEL
Teachers begin to recognize more and more
the principles and concepts out of context
and elements with respect to specific
situations.
Teachers begin to have the ability to solve T
& L problems they face.
Competent teacher can investigate their own
practice through reflection that may sound, "I
have tried this, but the result is not what I
want. What should I do now?

the expert
level/
proficient

the
expert
level

Only
a
Only a
small
small
percentag percentag
e of
e of
professional professional
educators
educators
ever reach ever reach
this stage.
this stage.

Expert teacher can

easily identify the
key elements in a
task.

CHARACTERI
STICS OF AN
EXPERT
TEACHER

Expert teachers have

high cognitive ability to
analyze and digest the
learning environment in
a creative and
distinctive ways.

CHARACTERI
STICS OF AN
EXPERT
TEACHER

They have a smooth style

that allows them to
implement decisions
based on intuitive
understandingsunderstandings that come
out of their experiences.

CHARACTERI
STICS OF AN
EXPERT
TEACHER

Teachers have
the ability to
guide and mentor
novice teachers.

CHARACTERI
STICS OF AN
EXPERT
TEACHER

They can share ideas,

experiences and skills
through forums, inservice training courses,
seminars, research,
intellectual discussion
and so on.

CHARACTERI
STICS OF AN
EXPERT
TEACHER

VIDEO
BREAK

the
MASTER
LEVEL

the
maste
r level

The individual is operating in an

experienced-based similar to that
achieved at the proficient stage,
but in a more holistic manner.

This means that they are

not focusing on simply
one or two elements, but
are able to comprehend
and work with a variety
of patterns.

People who are operating

at the stage of expertise
can handle a large
quantity of
information and give a
very smooth, natural
performance.

CHARACTE
RISTICS OF
A MASTERLEVEL
TEACHER

Individuals in the
stage of proficient still
make mistakes; those
in expertise provide
almost perfect
performance.

CHARACTE
RISTICS OF
A MASTERLEVEL
TEACHER

Individuals in the
stage of proficient still
make mistakes; those
in expertise provide
almost perfect
performance.

CHARACTE
RISTICS OF
A MASTERLEVEL
TEACHER

SUMMARY
NOVICE

New to the field

Know little to nothing

ADVANCED Can perform to basic standard

NOVICE/
COMPETEN
T
EFFECTIVE Experienced
Can vary performance based on
unique situation
EXPERT

Can invent new or better way to

do job, can teach others

MASTER

Provide almost perfect

performance