Management

Information System
(MIS)
By: sabqat us sahar
Email id:sabqatsahar@gmail.com

Topics
An Introduction to MIS
Meaning of Management Information
System
Characteristics of Good Information
Elements of MIS
Role of MIS
Benefits of MIS
Aim of MIS

INTRODUCTION OF MIS

Management information system subject is

combination of three words

Management - An Art..!

To make the things done with proper

resource at correct cost, place and schedule

To direct resources (human or material) in

order to achieve certain goals

Management - An Art..!
Word management identifies a special
group of people whose job is to direct the
effort and activities of other people toward
common objective.
Management is the process of coordinating
work activities so that they are completed
efficiently and effectively with and through
other people.

Elements of Management
Planning

What is information?

Data are facts, events, and transactions which have been

recorded. They are basically the raw inputs which further get
processed to become information.

When facts are filtered through one or more processes (human

or system), and are ready to give certain kind of details they
are the information.

Processed data when presented in some useful and meaningful

form, it is actually the information we are looking at.

Characteristic of
Information

Information is data that has been manipulated to

be useful to someone.

Information must have value.

Information tells people something they dont

already know or confirms something that they
think

Why do we require information?

To ensure effective & efficient decision

making leading to prosperity of the
organization.

Classification of
Information

By Source

By Nature

By Level

By Time

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Information Quality
Timeline (information about resources time
like days years etc)
Location
Validity
From

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Upward
Downward
Horizontal
Inward/

VERTICAL
INFORMATION

Information an organizational
perspective

HORIZONTAL
INFORMATION

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What is System?

System is a functional unit, which involves

set of procedures/functions to produce
certain outputs by processing
data/information given as input.

Input

Process

Output

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System /Technology
A system is a group of interrelated components
working together toward a common goal by
accepting inputs and producing output in an
organized transformation process.
Characteristics of a useful system:
Components of a system interrelate
Systems are goal seeking.
Systems have input/output.
System must be controlled.
System forms a hierarchy.
Systems demonstrate differentiation.

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What is Management
Information

Useful information for management decisions

Comprises processed data (information),

necessary for making management decisions and
generally gives output in the form of tables,
matrix, reports, dashboards, graphs, trends, etc
for logical and analytical comparisons.

Market trend reports, sales report, IT application

usage reports, Management dashboards, business
information reports, research reports, etc.

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What is MIS ?
TECHNOLOG/

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MIS
Management information system MIS :
Deals with the planning for development,
management ,and use of information
technology to help people to perform all
tasks related to information processing and
management.

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MIS
Management Information System

MIS is basically a software tool which gives a holistic report of

processed information based on which management can take certain
critical decision on which strategy and plans could be figured out

MIS provides information that is needed to manage organizations

efficiently and effectively

MIS is any organized approach for obtaining relevant and timely

information on which managerial decisions are based

MIS facilitates the decision making process and enable the

organizational planning, control, and operational functions to be carried
out effectively

MIS is a study of how individuals, groups, and organizations evaluate,

design, implement, manage, and utilize systems to generate
information to improve efficiency and effectiveness of decision making.
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MIS
Technology
People
Data/Information

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Contd

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Contd

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Difference between MIS and IS

MIS

MIS must not only indicate how things

are going, but why they are not going
as well as planned where that is the
case
while MIS is applicable for managerial
decision-making.
MIS can be used in any form - even
manual reports, which aid decisionmaking
MIS is used to analyze other
information systems applied in
operational activities in the
organization.
MIS summarize and report on the
companys basic operations. The basic
transaction data from TPS are
compressed and reported

IS

IS may include systems that

are not intended for decision
making
IS can be applied to any area
of business
IS means use of hardware and
software for any business.
Information system applied
to management context is
called MIS

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Components Of MIS

1. Resources of people: (end users and IS

specialists, system analyst, programmers, data
administrators etc.).

2. Hardware: (Physical computer equipments and

associate device, machines and media).

3. Software: (programs and procedures).

4. Data: (data and knowledge bases)

5. Networks: (communications media and network

support).

1.Resources of people

End users: (also called users or clients) are people who

use an information system or the information it produces.
They can be accountants, salespersons, engineers, clerks,
customers, or managers.

IS Specialists: people who actually develop and operate

information systems. They include systems analysts,
programmers, testers, computer operators, and other
managerial, technical, and clerical IS personnel.

2. Hardware Resources

Machines:
as computers and other equipment along with all data media,
objects on which data is recorded and saved.

Computer systems:
consist of variety of interconnected peripheral devices.
Examples are microcomputer systems, midrange computer
systems, and large computer systems.

3. Software Resources

Software Resources includes:

System software, such as an operating system

Application software, which are programs that direct
processing for a particular use of computers by end
users.

Contd

4.Data Resources
Data resources include data (which is raw material of
information systems) and database. Data can take many
forms, including traditional alphanumeric data, composed of
numbers and alphabetical and other characters

5.Network Resources
Telecommunications networks like the Internet, intranets, and
extranets have become essential to the successful operations
of all types of organizations and their computer-based
information systems.

MIS Applications
Airline
Banking
Hotel Information System
Budgeting Tools
eHRM
Applicant Tracking Systems

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Application of MIS
Hospital
Education
Shopping Malls
Online Shopping etc.

Role of MIS
Effective decision making based upon:
Quality analysis
Cost & budget analysis
Risk analysis
Market analysis
Inventory analysis
Stakeholder analysis
Feedback analysis
Behavior analysis

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Advantages Of MIS

Globalisation :
It has not only brought the world closer together ,but it has
allowed the worlds economy to become a single
interdependent system. This means that we can bring down
barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries .

Communication :
With the help of this , communication has become
cheaper , quicker and more efficient.

Cost effectiveness :
It has helped to computerize business processes thus
streamlining businesses to make them extremely cost
effective money making machines.

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Advantages of MIS

Companies are able to highlight their strengths and weaknesses

due to the presence of revenue reports, employees' performance record
etc. The identification of these aspects can help the company improve
their business processes and operations.

Giving an overall picture of

communication and planning tool.

Availability of the customer data and feedback can help the

company to align their business processes according to the needs of the
customers. The effective management of customer data can help the
company to perform direct marketing and promotion activities.

Information is considered to be an important asset for any

company in the modern competitive world. The consumer buying trends
and behaviors can be predicted by the analysis of sales and revenue
reports from each operating region of the company.

the

company

and

acting

as

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Disadvantages of MIS

Lack of Job Security:

Industry experts believe that the internet has made
job security a big issue as technology keeps on
changing with each day.

Dominant Culture:
While information technology may have made the
world a global village , it has also contributed to one
culture dominating another weaker one.

Privacy:
Though IT may have made communication quicker, easier
and more convenient , it has also brought along privacy
issues.

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MIS Functions
Data capturing
Processing of data
Storage
Retrieval

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MIS As A Career

MIS professionals are leaders who initiate ,design

and apply technology to transform business
functions and produce innovative products and
services.
MIS professionals have following career options:
Analyst
Consultant
Application Developer
Data Analyst
Project Leader

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Roles Of MIS Professionals

MIS as a SYSTEM ANALYST study business

problems and implement systems to solve them.
MIS as a CONSULTANT analyze problems and
change business processes.
MIS as a APPLICATION DEVELOPER develop
software to gather and store data
MIS as a DATA ANALYST extracts and analyzes
organizational data.
MIS as a PROJECT LEADER organizes a team of
analysts ,programmers and others to create an
innovative solution.

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Importance of MIS
Decision making (rational) managerial
function
Reliable, timely info essential
MIS a logical, well-structured method of
info collection, processing, and propagating
to decision-makers
Era of liberalization and globalization
Era of computers and IT
MIS nerve centre

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Purpose of MIS degree/course

People pursuing MIS degrees must possess

following qualities:
Good problem solving skills
Excellent communication skills
Ability to effectively manage time and
resources
Ability to think strategically about technology.

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Thanks

..!
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