Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
for
Preventing
Structure of COLREG 72
38 Rules divided into 5 parts
Part A General (rule 1-3)
Part B - Steering and Sailing Rules (4-19)
Section I - Conduct of vessels in any condition of visibility(4-10)
Section II - Conduct of vessels when in sight of one another(1118)
Section III - Conduct of vessels in Restricted Visibility(19)
Annexes of COLREG 72
Four Annexes. Namely:
Annex 1 - Positioning and technical details of lights
and shapes
Annex 2 - Additional signals for FV fishing in close
proximity
Annex 3 - Technical details of sound signaling
appliances
Annex 4 - Distress Signals
COLREGS 72 Rules
Part A - General
Rule 1 - Application
Rule 2 - Responsibility
Rule 3 - Definitions
(a) These rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and
in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.
(c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rule made by
the government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights, shapes or
whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to
additional station or signal lights or shapes for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a
fleet. These additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals shall, so far as
possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light, shape, or signal authorised
elsewhere under these Rules.
Note:
Special rule can be made by the government of
any State for specific lights or signal.
e.g. Special signal requirement in the Straits of
Singapore
(e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of any
special construction or purpose cannot comply with the provisions of any of these Rules
with respect to the number, position, range, or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well
as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, such vessel shall
comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of
visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of soundsignalling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest
possible compliance with these Rules in respect of that vessel.
Rule 2 - Responsibility
(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner,
master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to
comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which
may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the
special circumstances of the case.
Rule 2 - Responsibility
(b) In construing and complying with these rules due regard shall
be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any
special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels
involved, which may make a departure from these rules
necessary to avoid immediate danger.
(m) The term "Wing-In-Ground (WIG) craft" means a multimodal craft which,
in its main operational mode, flies in close proximity to the surface by utilising
surface-effect action.
Part B General
Section I (Conduct of vessel in any condition of
visibility)
Rule 4 Application
Rule 5 Lookout
Rule 6 Safe Speed
Rule 7 Risk of Collision
Rule 8 Action to Avoid Collision
Rule 9 Narrow Channels
Rule 10 Traffic Separation Schemes
Rule 5 Lookout
Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out
by sight and hearing as well as by all available means
appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and
conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation
and of the risk of collision.
Intention
1. for a proper appraisal of the situation, and
2. risk of collision
Cross reference
Rule 5 Lookout
Rule 34 Manoeuvring and warning signals
Rule 35 Sound signals in restricted visibility
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
5 Lookout
6 Safe Speed
7 Risk of Collision
18 Responsibilities between vessels
34 Manoeuvring and warning signals
35 Sound signals in restricted visibility
Rule 5 Lookout
Rule 6 Safe Speed
Rule 7 Risk of Collision
Rules in Part B Section II (Navigation in sight of one another)
Rule 34 Manoeuvring and warning signals
Rule 35 Sound signals in restricted visibility
News coverage
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-24670515
http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/oct/25/skipper-fine
d-cowes-week-collision
Rules 1, 2, 5, 9
August 2014 Volts Shipping Navigation S.A. sues United States of America
Citing violation of Rules 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 14, 15, and 16, of the International Regulations
for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972 (COLREGS) and their otherwise negligent
navigation and manning of the vessel
08 August 2014 in New York http://dockets.justia.com/docket/new-york/nysdce/1:2014cv06333/431052
11 August 2014 in Virgina http://dockets.justia.com/docket/virginia/vaedce/2:2014cv00401/307898
Part B - General
Section II (Conduct of vessels in sight of one another)
Rule 11 Application
Rule 12 Sailing Vessels
Rule 13 Overtaking
Rule 14 Head-On Situation
Rule 15 Crossing
Rule 16 Action by Give Way Vessel
Rule 17 Action by Stand On Vessel
Rule 18 Responsibilities
Rule 11 Application
Rules in this section apply to vessels in sight of one another.
Comment
Rule 3(k) states that vessels shall be deemed to be in sight
of on another only when one can be observed visually from
the other in this section apply to vessels in sight of one
another.
Not applicable when other vessel is detected by radar and
risk of collision also exists.
when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the
port side shall keep out of the way of the other;
when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall
keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward;
if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot
determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the
starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other.
b) For the purpose of this Rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the
side opposite to that on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a
square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest foreand-aft sail is carried.
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
5 Lookout
6 Safe Speed
7 Risk of collision
8 Action to avoid collision
13 Overtaking
34 Manoeuvring and warning signals
Rule 13 Overtaking
a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of part B, sections I and II,
any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being
overtaken.
b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another
vessel from a direction more than 22.58 abaft her beam, that is, in such a
position with reference to the vessel she is overtaking, that at night she would
be able to see only the sternlight of that vessel but neither of her sidelights.
c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she
shall assume that this is the case and act accordingly.
d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not
make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these
Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear of the overtaken vessel until
she is finally past and clear.
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
5 Lookout
6 Safe Speed
7 Risk of collision
8 Action to avoid collision
17 Action by stand-on vessel
34 Manoeuvring and warning signals
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
5 Lookout
6 Safe Speed
7 Risk of collision
8 Action to avoid collision
16 Action by give way vessel
34 Manoeuvring and warning signals
Video of damage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bkSa6qRLU0
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
5 Lookout
7 Risk of collision
8 Action to avoid collision
16 Action by give way vessel
17 Action by stand-on vessel
34 Maneuvering and warning signals
http://www.britanniapandi.com/en/news_and_publications/risk-wat
ch/risk-watch-archive/risk-watch-2012/vol-19-no-1-feb-2012/inde
x.cfm#a
http://www.beamer-france.org/BanqueDocument/pdf_172.pdf
http://www.aukevisser.nl/supertankers/part-4/id668.htm
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
5 Lookout
7 Risk of collision
8 Action to avoid collision
9 Narrow Channel
10 Traffic Separation Schemes
15 Crossing Situation
17 Action by stand-on vessel
18 Responsibilities between vessels
34 Maneuvering and warning signals
keep her
(ii) The latter vessel may, however, take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre
alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of
the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules.
(b)When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself
so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone,
she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision.
(c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with
subparagraph (a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel
shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on
her own port side.
(d)This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way.
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
2 Responsibility
5 Lookout
7 Risk of collision
8 Action to avoid collision
15 Crossing Situation
18 Responsibilities between vessels
34 Maneuvering and warning signals
Case Law
If no such distinction were made the vessel with the greater ability to take
effective avoiding action would be more likely to wait for the other to keep out of
the way.
Part B - General
Section III (Conduct of vessels in restricted
visibility)
Rule 19 Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
Rule
3 Definitions
5 Lookout
6 Safe Speed
7 Risk of collision
8 Action to avoid collision
9 Narrow channels
10 Traffic separation schemes
35 Sound signals in restricted visibility
20
21
22
23
24
25
Application
Definitions
Visibility of Lights
Power driven vessels underway
Towing and pushing
Sailing vessel underway and vessel under oars
32
33
34
35
36
37
Definitions
Equipment for sound signals
Manoeuvring and warning signals
Sound signals in restricted visibility
Signals to attract attention
Distress signals
Part E - Exemptions
Rule 38 Exemptions
4 years exemption permitted from the date of entry into force
of these Regulations for certain matters
9 years exemption permitted from the date of entry into force
of these Regulations for certain matters
One particular issue allowed permanent exemption
Ships with such exemptions rare today due to age and
regulatory compliance issues with other matters. e.g. SOLAS
and MARPOL requirements.
Annexes
ANNEX I Positioning and technical details of lights and
shapes
ANNEX II Additional signals for fishing vessels fishing
in close proximity
ANNEX III Technical details of sound signal appliances
ANNEX IV Distress signals
Latest amendment in this part.
Amendment to Regulations
Amendments
Maritime Safety Committee in IMO
Passed as IMO Assembly Resolutions
Latest Amendment
IMO Resolution A. 1004 (25)
Adopted on 29 November 2007
Entry into force on 1 December 2009
Caveat consules!
The Koningin Juliana [1974] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 353
Cairns LJ states Theregulationsare made for seamen to follow and should be
interpreted by the Courts in the same way as seamen would interpret them.
Questions ?
Further Information
International Maritime Organization
www.IMO.org > About IMO > List of Conventions > COLREG
IMO Publication - E904E COLREG (ISBN 92-801-4167-8)
Thank You