VERNACULAR

ARCHITECTURE.
AISHWARYA SHARMA
S.Y.ARCH
GUIDED BY- KULDEEP .K.BHATIA

INDEX:
1. DEFINITION.
2. ABOUT VERNACULAR
ARCHITECTURE.
3. ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS.
4. MATERIALS.
5. ENVIORNMENT AND MATERIALS.
6. INFLUENCE IN ARCHITECTURE.
7. CULTURE.
8. WHY THEY ARE VERNACULAR?
9. REGIONAL VARIATIONS.
10. INDIAN VERNACULAR
ARCHITECTURE.
11. CONCLUSION.

CHOKOSSI SILO,
WEST AFRICA

DEFINETION:
Vernacular architectureis
a category
ofarchitecture,based on
localized needs and
construction material, and
TYPICAL HUTS ,JAISALMER
reflecting
traditions. All forms of
TODAlocal
HUT
vernacular
architecture are built
to meet specific
needs,
accommodating the
values, economies
and ways of life of the
cultures that

FORT ENTRANCE

Vernacular
architecture
tends toevolve over
time to reflect the
environmental,
cultural,technology,
andhistoricalcontext
in which it exists.

ZULU HUTS,SOUTHAFRICA

STONE HOUSE,SCOTLAND

Vernacular
architecture is
the simplest
form for
addressing
human needs

THATCHED HUT,AFRICA

HOUSE IN SIKKIM,INDIA

ABOUT VENACULAR
ARCHITECTURE

simpler than what the technology of

the time is capable of maintaining
characterized by inexpensive
materials and straightforwardly
utilitarian design
makes use of common regional
forms and materials at a particular
Random rubble, and mud construction,Talur Bellary
place
and time
ARBIL HAWREL, KUDRISTAN

tends to be commonplace
and to reflect the everyday
life and experience of people
within a culture or region.
often called "ordinary" or
"traditional" built

Architectural
Elements:Climate-

One of the most significant influences

on vernacular architecture is the macro
climate of the area in which the building
is constructed.
Climatic influences on vernacular
architecture are substantial and can be
extremely complex.

The man-made elements interact with the

natural microclimate to determine the
factors affecting comfort in the built
environment: light, heat, wind, and
humidity.

Vernacular architecture
provides shelter and
comfort with the
evolution of craft
passed down through
generations
ISLE OF LEWIS,ENGLAND
HUTS IN MADAGASCAR

All forms of vernacular

architecture are built to
meet specific needs,
accommodating the values,
economies and ways of life
of the cultures that
produce them.

MATERIALS

The type of structure

and materials used
for a dwelling vary
depending on how
permanent it is.

ILFUGAO HOUSE, PHILIPINE

HUT - KENYA,AFRICA

Permanent dwellings
often offer a greater
degree of protection and
shelter from the elements.
Over time, dwellings'
architecture may come to
reflect a very specific
geographical locale.

TYPICAL SOUTH INDIAN TEMPLE,TAMIL

NADU

To this must be added the

TEMPLE IN NEPAL
building materials, surface
textures and colors of exposed surfaces of the
buildings, and the design of open spaces, such
as streets, courtyards, gardens, and squares.

Environment and
materials:-

The local
environment and
the construction
materials it can
provide governs
many aspect of
vernacular
architecture.

IGLOO, ANTARTICA

Areas rich in trees will

develop a wooden
vernacular, while areas
without much wood may
use mud or
stone.

LOG HUT, VALLEY FORGE

 Despite these variations, every building is subject to the same laws

of physics, and hence will demonstrate significant similarities
instructural forms.

HAVELI ART,RAJASTHAN

COLONIAL ERA ARTWORK

Vernacular, almost
by definition, is
sustainable, and will
not exhaust the local
resources.
TYPICAL THATCHED ROOF,
STONED WALL SHED

DESERT DWELLING

ARSHA,GEORGIA

GOEREME, TURKEY.
LONDON CHRUCH

IGLOO,ANTARCTICA

INNEDRAL TOWER, OMSDAL,

NORWAY

AMAZON,MALOCA

From igloos to bamboo houses,

from stone cottages with
thatched roofs to terraced,
white concrete roof decks,
people create shelter and
comfort in unique structures in
response to their location on
the globe.

IGLOO,GREENLAND

vernacular architecture
as comprising buildings
related to their
environmental contexts
and available resources,
utilizing traditional
technologies
TURKISH HOUSE

MEROE PYRAMIDS,SUDAN

Influences on the vernacular

Vernacular architecture is
influenced by a great range of
different aspects of human
behavior and environment,
leading to differing building
forms for almost every
different context; even
neighboring villages may
have subtly different
approaches to the
construction and use of their
dwellings, even if they at
first appear the same
MARDIN,TURKEY

Culture

The way of life

of building
occupants, and
the way they
use their
shelters, is of
great influence
on building
forms.

VILLAGE HUT, SCOTLAND

The size of family units, who shares which

spaces, how food is prepared and eaten, how
people interact and many other cultural
considerations will affect the layout and size of
dwellings.

SANCHI STUPA

JAMI MASJID

Culture also has a great

influence on the
appearance of
vernacular buildings, as
occupants often
decorate buildings
in accordance with local
customs and beliefs.

MADURAI TEMPLE

Why they are

Vernacular??

Each example is Vernacular because they came

from a tradition of some kind.
For example- The log hut was built a certain way
because of a tradition.

Clay and Stone House

Location: Nepal

Regional variation

Building material depends on location.

In hilly areas rocky rubble,ashlar,mud mortar
to form walls.
Houses on hills usually have two stories, with
the livestock living on the ground floor.
The roof is pitched to deal with the monsoon
season and the house may sit on raised plinths
or bamboo poles to cope with floods.
Flat Lands:
On flat lands, the houses are generally made of
mud or sun-baked bricks and then plastered
inside out.
Bamboo is used for the construction of all parts
of the home as it is flexible and resilient

Indian vernacular architecture

Indian vernacular architectureis the informal,
functional architecture of structures, often in rural
areas of India, built of local materials and designed
to meet the needs of the local people
Indian vernacular architecture has evolved
organically over time through the skillful
craftsmanship of the local people.
TEMPLE- KARNATAKA

KAILASH TEMPLE,ELLORA

Kachcha

Akachchais a building made of natural

materials such
asmud,grass,bamboo,thatchor sticks and is
therefore a short-lived structure.
The advantage of akachchais that
construction materials are cheap and easily
available and relatively little labor is required.

Pakka

Apakkais a structure made from materials

resistant to wear, such as forms of stone or
brick, clay tiles, metal or other durable
materials,
such structures are expensive to construct as

Semi-pukka

HOUSE IN JAPAN

A combination of
thekachchaandpukkastyle, the
semi-pukka, has evolved as villagers
have acquired the resources to add
elements constructed of the durable
materials characteristic of apukka.
NDEBELE HOUSE,SOUTHERN AFRICA

ORIGINAL TRULLO HOUSE,ITALY

CONCLUSION
Tends to evolve over time to reflect the
Environmental, Cultural and Historical context
in which it exists.
Provides desired comfort.
Being energy efficient.
Withstand the climate.
Transported by local traditions.

REFRENCES
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernacular_architectu
re
2. http://www.vernaculararchitecture.com/
3. http://www.archdaily.com/155224/vernaculararchitecture

THANK
YOU