Normal Distribution

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Areas under the

Normal Curve

Application of
Normal
Distribution

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Properties of a Normal Distribution

1.The normal distribution is bell-shaped
2.The mean, median, and mode are equal and
are located at the center of the distribution
3.The normal distribution is unimodal
4.The normal distribution curve is symmetric
about the mean (the shape are same on both
sides)
5.The normal distribution is continuous
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Properties of a Normal Distribution

6.The normal curve is asymptotic (it never
touches the x-axis)
7.The total area under the part of a normal
distribution curve is 1.00 or 100%
8.The area under the part of a normal curve
that lies within 1 standard deviation of the
mean is 68%; within 2 standard deviations,
about 95%; and within 3 standard deviations,
about 99.7%
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Abraham de
Moivre (1667-1754)
developed the
normal curve
mathematically as
an approximation to
the binomial
distribution
His paper was not
discovered until
1924 by Karl Pearson

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Abraham_de_moivre.jpg

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Pierre-Simon
Laplace (1749-1827)
used the normal
curve to analyze
astronomical data in
1809

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Pierre-Simon-Laplace_(17491827).jpg

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Standard Normal Distribution

X
Z

where Z = Z value
X = the value of any particular observation or
measurement
= population mean
= population standard deviation

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Steps for Finding a Probability for X

1.Draw a normal curve
2.Translate the problem into one of the
following: P(0 < Z < b), P(a < Z < 0), P(X <
a), P(X > b), or P(a < X < b). Shade in the
area on the normal curve
X into

3.Transform a (and/or
b)
a Z-value, using
Z

the Z-formula:
4.Look up the transformed Z-value on the Ztable (see the preceding section) and find its
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probability

Example 1 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve between Z = 0 and
Z = 1.85.

Example 2 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve between Z = 0 and
Z = 1.15.

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Example 3 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve to the right of Z =
1.15.

Example 4 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve to the left of Z =
1.85.

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Example 5 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve between Z = 0.75
and Z = 1.85.

Example 6 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve between Z = 0.75
and Z = 1.85.

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Example 7 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve between Z = 1.15
and Z = 1.85.

Example 8 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve to the left of Z =
1.15.

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Example 9 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve to the right of Z =
1.15.

Example 10 Find the area under the standard

normal distribution curve to the right of Z =
1.15 and to the left of Z = 1.85.

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Example 11 Find the Z value such that the

area under the standard normal distribution
curve between 0 and Z value is 0.3962.

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Example 1 The average Pag-ibig salary loan

for RFS Pharmacy Inc. employees is 23,000.
If the debt is normally distributed with a
standard deviation of 2,500, find the
probability that the employee owes less than
18,500.

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Example 2 The average age of bank

managers is 40 years. Assume the variable is
normally distributed. If the standard deviation
is 5 years, find the probability that the age of
a randomly selected bank manager will be in
the range between 35 and 46 years old.

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Example 3 To qualify for a Masters degree

program in Business Administration at a
certain university, candidate must score in the
top 20% on a mental ability test. The test has
a mean of 180 and a standard deviation of 25.
Find the lowest possible score to qualify.
Assume that the test scores are normally
distributed.

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Exercises
1.Find the area under the standard normal
distribution curve
a.between Z = 0 and Z = 2.02.
b.to the right of Z = 1.38.
2.Find P(2.37 < Z < 0.37) using the
standard normal distribution.

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Exercises
3.A machine produces bolts with an average
diameter of 0.51 inch and a standard
deviation of 0.01 inch. What percentage of
the total production would possess bolt
diameters from 0.48 to 0.54 inch?
4.The daily income of bank auditors in SSS
Commercial Bank is normally distributed with
a mean of 675 and a standard deviation of
50. What is the Z value for the income X of a
bank auditor who earns 550 daily?
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