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Embedded Systems
Microcontroller (MCU)
(MPU)
Memory
I/O
(Input/Output) ports
Microcontrollers
Support Devices
Timers
A/D converter
Serial I/O
System Bus
Block Diagram
Microprocessor (MPU)
MPU (CPU)
Read instructions
Process binary data
Memory
Storage Device
Addresses
Registers
Major Categories
D7
Read/Write Memory
(R/W)
Read-only-Memory
(ROM)
D0
330_01
Input/Output (I/O)
Input Devices
Output devices
330_01
Microprocessor-Based Systems
330_01
Microprocessor Architecture
MPU communicates with Memory and I/O
using the System Bus
Address bus
Unidirectional
Memory
Data bus
Bidirectional
Transfers
Control lines
Read
Microprocessor-Based System
330_01
330_01
10
Software
Machine Language
Binary Instructions
Difficult to decipher and write
Error-prone
Description
Processor
10000000
80
ADD B
Intel 8085
00101000
28
Intel 8051
00011011
1B
ABA
Motorola 6811
11
Software
Assembly Language
330_01
12
Software
High-Level Languages
330_01
13
to Bit0
330_01
14
2's Complement
Bit7
is sign bit
330_01
15
330_01
16
330_01
17
MPU-Based Systems
System hardware
Discrete components
Microprocessor,
System software
330_01
18
MPU-Based System
330_01
19
MCU-Based Systems
Microprocessor, memory, I/O ports, and
support devices on a single chip
Buses generally not available to a system
designer
I/O ports generally multiplexed and can be
programmed to perform different functions
330_01
20
MCU-Based System
330_01
21
Computer Architectures
Princeton versus Harvard Architecture
CISC versus RISC processors
Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
330_01
22