BLACK BOX

REPRESENTED BY:
ARKA MUKHERJEE

CONTENT

INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
CONSTRUCTION
INSIDE THE BLACK BOX
TECHNOLOGY USED
WORKING OF BLACK BOX
ADVANTAGES
REFERNCE
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION
It is an electronics device used to

record any instructions and specific

aircraft performance parameters.
It record's specific aircraft

performance parameters and

conversations in the cockpit.
A black box consist of FDR &

CVR .

HISTORY
The first prototype FDR

was made in 1956 By

DAVID WARREN in
aeronautical research
laboratories of Melbourne
, Australia .

CONSTRUCTION
The Exterior of the FDR is coated with heat-resistant Bright

Red paint.

CONSTRUCTION
[POSITION]

The unit is usually mounted in the aircrafts empennage (tail

section).

BUILT TO SURVIVE
[ CONSTRUCTION]
In airline accidents, the

only devices that survive

are the Crash-survivable
memory units (CSMUs) of
the flight data recorders
and cockpit voice recorders.
Typically, the rest of the
recorders' chassis and inner
components are mangled
Three layers of materials in CSMU:
Aluminum housing
High-temperature insulation
Stainless-steel shell

INSIDE THE BLACK BOX

Flight Data Recorder (FDR)

Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR)

FLIGHT DATA RECORDER

It is an electronics device

used to record any

instructions and the
operating data from the
plane's systems.
It records various
performance parameters
on an aircraft .

PARAMETERS RECORDED BY MOST

FDRS

Time
Pressure attitude
Air speed
Vertical acceleration
Magnetic heading
Fuel flow
Horizontal stabilizer
Control column position
Control wheel position
Rudder pedal position

 A FDR is shown below which is recovered after a crash

COCKPIT VOICE
RECORDER
It records the audio environment in the flight deck of an

aircraft for the purpose of accident & incidents .

This is typically achieved by recording the signals of the
microphones & earphones of the pilots headsets & of an
area microphone in the roof of the cockpit .
According to FAA after 2005 the recording duration is
minimum of 30 minutes .
But according to NTSB it should be of 2 hours.

THE POSITIONS OF THE FOUR

MICROPHONES

Pilot's headset

Co-pilot's headset

Headset of a third crew member (if there is a third crew

member)

Near the center of the cockpit, where it can pick up audio

alerts and other sounds

COCKPIT VOICE
RECORDER

TECHNOLOGY USED
MAGNETIC TAPES

SOLID STATE

TECHNOLOGY

MAGNETIC TAPES
This technology was introduced in late

`1960s & made magnetic tapes a

recording medium up to the
introduction of solid state technology .
CVR & FDR records over the oldest
data with the newest data in an endless
loop recording pattern .
Then DFDRS were introduced which
can record at 64 12-bit data per seconds.
But it was limited to flights having
digital avionics like Boeing 767 &
airbus a320 .
In this technology it can record up to 30
min of data.

SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY

The introduction of this technology expanded recording capacity , enhanced

crash\fire survivability ,& improved recording reliability .

It can record up to 64 12 bit data words per seconds or four times the capacity of

magnetic tapes in DFDRs

It can records up to 25 hours of flight data .

 These recording devices cost between $10,000 to $15,000

each.
Both Black Boxes are powered by one of two power
generators that draw their power from the plane's engines.
The Memory boards have enough digital storage space to
accommodate 2 hours of Audio data for CVRs and 25
hours of Flight data for FDRs.

WORKING OF BLACK BOX

Underwater
Locator Beacon
(ULB)

Submergence sensor on

the side of the beacon.

Pulses at 37.5 kilohertz
(kHz).
sound as deep as 14,000
feet (4,267 m).
Once the beacon begins
"pinging," it pings once per
second for 30 days.

WORKING OF BLACK BOX

Retrieving Information
This portable interface can
allow investigators quick
access to the data on a black
box..
Retrieval of FDR
Retrieval of CVR
Once the beacon begins
"pinging," it pings once per
second for 30 days.

ADVANTAGES
Retrieval comes first.
It is very useful for accident investigations .
The mistakes or error can be avoided in other aircrafts .

This black box alone was left to tell

the story of the crash of Egypt Air
Flight 990.

The cockpit voice recorder from the

downed Alaska Airlines Flight 261

CONCLUSION
From the study of Black Box we derived a information
that how the information about aircraft mishap is analyzed
& unanswered question is answered.
In this study we discuss about various technology various
aspects involved in black box.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
WIKIPEDIA

GOOGLE

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC

THANK YOU

ANY QUERIES