The Digestive System

Science Grade 8

An Overview of Food Digestion

Carried out by the organs and substances
of the digestive system
Food is broken down into smaller parts
Food are made up of nutrients
Nutrients are absorbed by the cells
through the blood stream

Digestive System
Most animals have a
digestive system
Composed of the digestive
tract or gastrointestinal
tract and accessory organs
Food enters the mouth
moved through series of
tubes and exits the anus
as feces

Digestion
Mechanical Digestion
Chewing of food and
breaking it down into
smaller pieces
Facilitates easier
digestion

Chemical Digestion
When enzymes are
mixed with food
Amylase found in saliva
(breaks down
carbohydrates)
Protease found in
stomach (breaks down
proteins)
Lipase found in small
intestines (breaks down
fats)

Process of Digestion

LARGE INTESTINES
waste products of digestion
water is reabsorbed

MOUTH
(mechanical
digestion)

SMALL
INTESTINES
lipase released
end of digestion
nutrients are
absorbed & filtered

BOLUS
(chemical
digestion)

ESOPHAGUS
(gullet)

STOMACH
protease,
gastric juices,
and acids

RECTUM
temporary
storage

ANUS
excretion

GROUP ACTIVITY
MECHANICS
There should be 10 members per group
You will be given 30 seconds to complete
the task
Arrange the strips according to the correct
sequence that takes place during
digestion
The first group to finish the sequencing
correctly wins the game! GOODLUCK!

Nice to Know
Digestion works
similarly in some
organisms.
But there are structures
found in some species
that perform special
digestive functions

HOMEWORK
The digestive systems of animals and the organs
that make them up vary across species.
Some structures like rumen, crop, and gizzard
are found only in goats, cows, and carabaos.
What do you think is the function of this
structure?
The crop and gizzard are found in birds and
some species of invertebrates like
grasshoppers and earthworms. What
functions do you think these structures
perform in digestion?

POST TEST
IDENTIFICATION
_______1. It is where wastes from
the large intestine are
temporarily stored and water is
reabsorbed
_______ 2. The process of
chewing food into smaller
pieces
_______ 3. Also known as the
gullet
________4. An enzyme found in
the stomach that breaks down
proteins
_________ 5. A part of the
digestive tract where digestion
ends and nutrients are
absorbed thus entering the
circulatory system

________ 6. A process wherein the food

is broken down into smaller parts thus
making it available for the cells to
absorb
_________ 7. The term used to denote
the opening of the mouth down to the
anus
_________ 8. The term used when the
food is chewed and mixed with the
enzyme amylase
_________ 9. A part of the digestive tract
where the waste products of digestion
is being excreted
__________10. Molecules that speed up
chemical reactions and can be found in
the saliva, stomach and the small
intestines

Thank you!