Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Ethernet dan IEEE 802.3 LAN Standard

-Aurelio Rahmadian

Pemodelan Lapisan
Jaringan

Physical Layer

Physical Layer
Media

is the actual physical environment

through which data travels as it moves from
one component to another, and it connects
network devices. The most common types of
net-work media are twisted-pair cable, coaxial
cable, fiber-optic cable, and wireless. Each
media type has specific capabilities and
serves specific purposes.
Understanding the types of connections that
can be used within a network provides a
better understanding of how networks function
in transmitting data from one point to another.

Physical Layer

Jenis-jenis Media

Jenis-jenis Media

Jenis-jenis Media

Jenis-jenis Media

Type

Max
Segment
Length

Speed

UTP

100 m

STP

100 m

Coaxi
al

500
10-100
meters
Mbps
(Thicknet
)
185
meters

Cost

Advantages

Disadvantages

10 Mbps Least
100
expensiv
Mbps
e

Easy to
install,
widely
available,
widely used

Susceptible
to
interference;
can cover
only a
limited
distance

10-100
Mbps

More
expensiv
e than
UTP

Reduced
crosstalk,
less
susceptible
to EMI than
UTP or
Thinnet

Difficult to
work with;
can cover
only a
limited
distance

Relativel
y
inexpensi
ve but
more
costly
than UTP

Less
susceptible
to EMI than
other types
of copper
media

Difficult to
work with
(Thicknet);
limited
bandwidth;
limited
application

Type

Max
Segment
Length

Speed

Cost

Advantages

Disadvanta
ges

FO

3 km and
further
(singlemo
de)

10-1000
Mbps
(singlemode
)

Expensi
ve

Difficult to
terminate

2 km and
further
(multimod
e)

100 Mbps9.92 Gbps

(multimode)

Cannot be
tapped
easily;
great
distances;
not
susceptibl
e to EMI;
higher
data rate

Expensi
ve

Does not
require
installatio
n of media

Susceptibl
e to
atmospher
ic
conditions

Wireles 50 km s
global

1-54 Mbps

Ethernet

Logical Link Control (LLC)

Makes

the connection with the

upper layers.
Frames the Network layer packet.
Identifies the Network layer
protocol.
Remains relatively independent
of the physical equipment.
Uses IEEE 802.2 standard.

Media Access Control

(MAC)
Data

Encapsulation: Includes frame

assembly before transmission, frame
parsing upon reception of a frame, data
link layer MAC addressing, and error
detection.
Media Access Control: Because
Ethernet is a shared media and all
devices can transmit at any time,
media access is controlled by a method
called Carrier Sense Multiple Access
with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD).

Alasan Penggunaan
Ethernet
Simplicity

and ease of
maintenance
Ability to incorporate new
technologies
Reliability
Low cost of installation and
upgrade

Sejarah Ethernet
Coaxial
-10BASE5 (Thicknet)
-10BASE2 (Thinnet)

Sejarah Ethernet

UTP
-10BASE-T

-Half-duplex communicatio

Sejarah Ethernet

UTP

-100BASE-TX
-Full-duplex communication

Struktur Frame Ethernet

Struktur Frame Ethernet

Header

Preamble
Start of Frame Delimiter
Address
Length

Data

(Packet)
Trailer

Struktur Frame Ethernet

Preamble

7 octet of 10101010
Start

of Frame Delimiter

1 octet of 10101011
Address

Source MAC Address

Destination MAC Address
Length/Ethertype
Data

(Packet-Segment-Data)
Frame Check Sequence
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
Interframe

Gap

12 octet of idle-line state

MAC Address

MAC Address