Third Review

Project by

Supervised by

R.Monica Immaculate (210111121012)

E.Priyanka(210111121014)
M.Ramya(210111121015)

Ms.Debashree Ghosh
Assistant Professor

Dept. of Biomedical Engineering

August 1, 2016

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the recording of the electrical

activity of the heart. Received ECG signal can be analysed
and results are used to diagnose the cardiac risk factors.

Hence the ECG is the basic element to diagnose the cardiac

abnormality.

When there is any abnormality in the heart, there will be a

variation in the normal ECG waveform depending on the
variation in the PQRST wave of the ECG the cardiac risk can
be detected.

August 1, 2016

In our project ECG waveform is obtained at the fingers using

ring electrodes. A glove is to be designed to hold the
electrodes and worn on the hand.

The ECG signal thus obtained is analyzed to detect the

cardiac risk factors like ventricular fibrillation, atrial
fibrillation, tachycardia and bradycardia.

The obtained signal is transmitted to the hospital in

emergency cases using GSM module. The received ECG
signal is displayed on the PC.

August 1, 2016

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the record of variation of the

bio potential signal of the human heartbeats.

Electrodes are placed on the users finger to detect the

bioelectric potentials given off by the heart that reach the
skins surface.

The ECG detection which shows the information of the heart

and cardiovascular condition is essential to enhance the
patient living quality and appropriate treatment. It is valuable
and an important tool in diagnosing the condition of the heart
diseases.

August 1, 2016

Ventricular Tachycardia

Ventricular Bradycardia

Ventricular fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation

August 1, 2016

Ventricular tachycardia is a
type of tachycardia, or a rapid
heart beat that arises from
improper electrical activity of
the heart presenting as a rapid
heart rhythm, that starts in the
bottom chambers of the heart,
called the ventricles

August 1, 2016

Ventricular bradycardia,
is known as ventricular
escape rhythm.

Heart rate is less than

50 bpm. This is a safety
mechanism when there
is lack of electrical
impulse or stimuli from
the atrium.
August 1, 2016

Ventricular fibrillation is the

uncoordinated contraction of
the heart muscle

The contraction of the

ventricular muscle is also
irregular and is ineffective at
pumping blood. The lack of
blood circulation leads to
loss of consciousness and
death within minutes
August 1, 2016

Atrial fibrillation is the

common

abnormal

hear rhythm leads to

irregular conduction of
ventricular
that

impulses

generate

the

heartbeat.

Formation

of

blood

clot due to less cardiac

output.
August 1, 2016

BATTERY

ELECTRODE

GSM

INST
AMP

NOTC
H
FILTER

MICROCONTROLL
ER

LOW
PASS
FILTE
R
PEAK
DETECTO
R

PC

August 1, 2016

10

ELECTRODE

Ring electrodes are used to pick up the ECG signal from the patient.

MATERIAL AgCl

BATTERY5V

INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER

GAIN1200

An instrumentation amplifier is a type of differential amplifier

August 1, 2016

11

It is outfitted with input buffer amplifiers, which eliminate

the need for input impedance matching

NOTCH FILTER

CUT OFF FREQUENCY50HZ

A notch filter is a band-stop filter with a narrow stop band

August 1, 2016

12

LOW PASS FILTER

Cut off frequency120Hz

A low pass filter is a filter that passes signals with a frequency

lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuates signals
with frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency.

PEAK DETECTOR

It is used to determine different peaks in the ecg waveform

MICROCONTROLLER

PIC microcontroller

August 1, 2016

13

It is low cost controller with power savings and with external

memory interface

GSM

It is used to send the message to the hospital

PC

It is used to display the abnormal ECG wave with the help of

RS232 cable.

August 1, 2016

14

Sl. Author
N Name
o.

year

Title of the Paper

Methods

Sensitivity and
Disadvantages

2012

Features Extraction
of ECG signal for
Detection of
Cardiac
Arrhythmias

Detection of
cardiac
arrhythmias
using wavelet
transform
technique

The accuracy is less.

ECG classification
and abnormality
detection using
cascade forward
neural network

This paper
The accuracy is 92%
describes the use
of MATLAB
based artificial
neural network
tools for ECG
analysis for
finding out
whether the
ECG is normal
or abnormal and
if it is abnormal

P.D.Kha
ndait
4
N.G.
Bawane
S.S.Lim
aye

Shahana 2011
z Ayub,
J.P.
Saini

August 1, 2016

15

August 1, 2016

16

August 1, 2016

17

The output of the instrumentation amplifier is obtained.

The output of the low pass filter amplifier is obtained.

The output of the notch amplifier is obtained.

ECG waveform is obtained from the designed blocks

August 1, 2016

18

Thus the ECG wave is obtained from patient and the obtained
wave is analyzed to find the abnormality.

The abnormal wave is displayed on the pc.

A message is sent to the hospital in emergency cases.

August 1, 2016

19

Thank you

August 1, 2016

20