Khilji dynasty

KHILJI DYNASTY

. Jalaluddin Khilji established Khilji

dynasty. The founder of Turkish dynasty,
Jalaluddin Khilji was seventy when he
ascended the throne. He defeated the
descendants of Balban, being victorious
came to power. He was kind hearted,
mild and had faith in nature. Alauddinkhilji ascended the throne after killing
his uncle and father-in-law, jalaluddinkhilji. --Arabic calligraphy during khilji
dynasty. Alai Darwaza--

History

Khiliji dynasty,(12901320), the second ruling family of

the Muslim sultanate of Delhi. This dynasty, like the
previous Slave dynasty, was of Turkish origin, though the
Khalj tribe had long been settled in Afghanistan. Its three
kings were noted for their faithlessness, their ferocity, and
their penetration of the Hindu south.
The first Khalj sultan, Jall al-Dn Frz Khalj, was
established by a noble faction on the collapse of the last
feeble Slave king, Kay-Qubdh. Jall al-Dn was already
elderly, and for a time he was so unpopular, because his
tribe was thought to be Afghan, that he dared not enter
the capital. His nephew Jn Khan led an expedition into
the Hindu Deccan, captured Ellichpur and its treasure, and
returned to murder his uncle in 1296.

List of Khilji rulers of Delhi (12901320)

Name

Picture

Jalal ud din Firuz

Khilji
Sultan

Alauddin Khilji
Sultan

Qutb ud
din Mubarak Sh
ah

Reign started

Reign ended

1290

1296

1296

1316

1316

1320

Sultan

Khilji Sultans of Malwa (1436-1531)

Mahmud Khilji (14361469)
Ghiyas ud din Khilji (14691500)

Cultural achievements and religious propagation

The main court language of Khiljis became Persian followed

by Arabic and their own native Turkoman language and
some of north-Indian dialects.
Even if it was not related with their nature as original
nomads and had no ties with urbane cultures and
civilizations, the Khilji of Delhi promoted Persian language
to a high degree.
Such a co-existence of different languages gave birth to the
earliest and archaic version of Urdu.
According to Ibn Battuta, the Khiljis encouraged conversion
to Islam by making it a custom to have the convert
presented to the Sultan who would place a robe on the
convert and award him with bracelets of gold During
Ikhtiyar Uddin Bakhtiyar Khilji's control of the Bengal,
Muslim missionaries in India achieved their greatest
success, in terms of number of converts to Islam

Architecture & Arts

Islamic architecture in India was introduced by Qutb-ud-din Aibak

in 1191, the first Slave King from the Slave dynasty.
He was the most active patron of the building art and his
constructions were of the greatest significance in laying the
foundations of the style.
Later the tradition of the Islami
c architecture was followed and continued by the Khalji dynasty.
Architecture during Khalji dynasty was a lot contoured by Ala-uddin Khalji. He reconstructed the Qutb mosque erected by his
predecessors.
He extended its northern end and raised a colossal minar. The
proportion of the minar was double, compared to those of the
one set up by the Slave Kings a century before.
The main walls of the mosque are still visible; however, most of
its parts are present with its huge core of rubble.

Siri Fort

Siri Fort

The city of Siri was the second city of Delhi

built by Ala-ud-din Khilji in 1311 AD. The fort
had the Palace of Thousand Pillars, which is
now in ruins. Only the embattlements have left
of the entire fort. The story goes that Ala-uddin got the heads of the infidels whom he had
got killed dug in the foundation of the fort. The
fort thus got its name as the Siri Fort. But there
is no supporting evidence to believe this story.
Ala-ud-din built a vast water reservoir, Hauz-IShamsi in the present Hauz Khas area to have a
continuous supply of water in the city.

Kotla Firoz Shah or

Firuzabad

Kotla Firoz Shah or Firuzabad

Firoz Shah built a new capital city on the banks of the

River Yamuna in 1351 AD and called it Firuzabad. The
architecture of the fort was fairly simple and
straightforward. The city had three palaces and a citadel
known as Firoz Shah Kotla. The king's as well as his wive's
quarters were situated along the riverfront. The structures
within the enclosure walls of the fort were barracks,
armories, servant's rooms, halls for audience, an imposing
mosque as well as public and private baths and a stepped
well or baoli. An Ashokan pillar brought from Topara,
Ambala was mounted on top of a pyramidal three-tiered
construction.

The Red Fort or Lal

Qila

The Red Fort or Lal

Qila

The Red Fort or Lal Qila was the part of the city of
Shahjahanabad. The fort was started in 1638 AD and
completed in 1648 AD by Shahjahan. It is built of red
sandstone and has turrets and bastions. The fort is
surrounded by a moat in the northeast corner of the
city. The wall is two km long and varies in height from
18 m on the riverfront to 33 m in the city.
The fort contains all the important buildings of Mughal
government like the Halls of Public and Private
Audience Diwan-I-Aam and Diwan-I-Khas, marble
palaces, private apartments, a mosque and elaborately
designed gardens. It was attacked by the Persian
Emperor Nadir Shah in 1739 AD and by the British
soldiers during the war of independence in 1857.

A GRAND GATEWAY

A GRAND GATEWAY

The Alai Darwaza is a magnificent gateway

built by Ala-ud-din Khilji of the Delhi
Sultanate, having exquisite inlaid marble
decorations and latticed stone screens. It
highlights the remarkable artisanship of
Turkish and local artisans who worked on it.
The Alai Darwaza was an important part of
the project undertaken by Ala-ud-din Khilji
in his quest to decorate the Qutab complex.

ALAI DARWAZA

ALAI DARWAZA

The Alai Darwaza is a perfect specimen of architecture belonging to

the period of the Delhi Sultanate. It was built in 1311, by Ala-uddin-Khilji, of the Khilji dynasty (which ruled the Delhi Sultanate from
AD 1290 to AD 1316). The Alai Darwaza was a part of Ala-ud-dinKhilji's extension of the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque. It was one of the
four grand gateways; the other three could not be completed because
of the death of Ala-ud-din in AD 1316.
The main structure of the Alai Darwaza consists of a single hall 34
feet on the inside and 56feet on the outside. The domed ceiling rises
to a height of 47 feet. The three doorways on the east, west, and
south are lofty pointed arches, in the shape of a horseshoe, which rise
above the flanking side bays. The entrance to the north is of an
indigenous character, as its arch is semi-circular in shape. The overall
outlook and proportions of the Alai Darwaza is pleasing to the eye.
The recessed corner arches of the attractive horseshoe forms,
supporting a simple spherical dome on top of the square chamber, are

PRESENTATION BY:CLASS :-

F.Y. B.T.T.M
NAME & ROLLNO :MEGHA JAIN-13