Introduction To NATO: What Is NATO? What Does NATO Do? How Does NATO Work?

What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Introduction to NATO
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Submitted by
Shashwat
Sonia
Shashikanth
Siddharth Verma
Siddharth Sahu
Nishant Avi
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
WHAT IS NATO ?
A political and military organization
Member countries
Sharing common values
The principle of collective defence
Comprehensive vision of security
Maintaining the transatlantic link
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

A political and military
organization
Member countries
A political organization
A military organization
Sharing common
values
The principle of
collective defence
A comprehensive
vision of security
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
NATOs fundamental role and enduring purpose is

to safeguard the freedom and security of its
member countries by political and military means.
What is NATO?
How does NATO work?
What does NATO do?

organization
Member countries
A political organization
reinforcing security by reducing the risk of conflict
Sharing common
values
DIPLOMACY
The principle of
collective defence
A comprehensive
vision of security
DIALOGUE /
CONSENSUS
COOPERATION
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
next
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

organization
Member countries
A military organization
when diplomatic efforts fail
Sharing common
values
COLLECTIVE DEFENCE
The principle of
collective defence
CRISIS MANAGEMENT
OPERATIONS
MAINTAINING
ADEQUATE MILITARY
CAPABILITIES
A comprehensive
vision of security
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
previous
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
28 Member countries
organization
1949
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg,

Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, United Kingdom, United States
1952
Greece, Turkey
1955
Germany
1982
Spain
1999
Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland
A comprehensive
vision of security
2004
Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania,

Slovakia, Slovenia
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
2009
Albania, Croatia
Member countries
Sharing common
values
The principle of
collective defence
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Sharing common values

organization
Member countries
Sharing common
values
Democracy
Freedom
Solidarity
Rule of law
Well-being
Individual liberty
Peace and
stability
Common heritage
The principle of
collective defence
A comprehensive
vision of security
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
The principle of collective defence

organization
Article 5 Washington Treaty
Member countries
An armed attack against one or more members considered as an
attack against all
Sharing common
values
The right to self-defence Article 51 UN Charter
The principle of
collective defence
A comprehensive
vision of security
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
Operate when and where necessary to fight

terrorism
No geographic limitation foreign ministers
at Reykjavik, May 2002
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
A comprehensive vision of security

organization
Member countries
Sharing common
values
The Alliances Strategic Concept (2010)
Collective defence
- Art. 5, the bedrock of the Alliance
Crisis Management
- address the full spectrum of crises before, during & after conflicts
Cooperative Security
- partnerships
- arms control, non-proliferation disarmament
- enlargement
The principle of
collective defence
A comprehensive
vision of security
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Maintaining the transatlantic link

organization
Linking North America and Europe
A unique security partnership

and forum for strategic security discussions
Member countries
Sharing common
values
The principle of
collective defence
A comprehensive
vision of security
Maintaining the
transatlantic link
10
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
WHAT DOES NATO DO?
Helps to create a stable environment
Welcomes new members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis management operations
Combats existing and emerging threats
Develops military capabilities
11
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Helps to create a stable environment

Helps to create a
stable environment
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
Combats existing and
emerging threats
Stimulates consultation
Promotes dialogue and cooperation
Prevents conflicts through diplomacy
Provides security to rebuild post conflict areas
Develops military
capabilities
12
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Helps to create a
stable environment
The Parties may, by unanimous agreement, invite any

other European State in a position to further the
principles of this Treaty and to contribute to the security
of the North Atlantic area to accede to this Treaty. []
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
NATOs open-door policy

An ongoing process

emerging threats
Develops military
capabilities
Article 10 Washington Treaty
Membership Action Plan
13
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Membership
Action Plan
Programme to help aspiring Partner countries

- meet NATO standards
- prepare for possible future membership
Currently:
- the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia *
- Montenegro
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
(pending progress on key defence reform)
*Turkey recognizes the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name.
14
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Helps to create a
stable environment
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
emerging threats
Develops military
capabilities
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
Partnership for Peace programme
NATO-Russia relations
NATO-Ukraine relations
NATO-Georgia relations
Mediterranean Dialogue
Istanbul Cooperation Initiative
Working with other international organizations
Partners across the globe
15
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
Multilateral forum for security dialogue and cooperation

50 members: 28 NATO Allies + 22 Partners
Political framework for:
Partnership for Peace

NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
- multilateral cooperation with non-members in the Euro-Atlantic area - bilateral relations with individual Partners under Partnership for Peace
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Istanbul Cooperation
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Work Plan

Regional security issues, arms control and non-proliferation, terrorism
and new security challenges, crisis management, defence reform,
defence planning, disaster-preparedness and response, science and
environment, etc.
Partners across the

globe
16
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
Established in 1994 - currently 22 partners
Cooperation programmes

NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Partners across the
globe
17
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
22 Partners

NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Armenia
Georgia
Montenegro
Ukraine
Austria
Ireland
Russia
Uzbekistan
Azerbaijan
Kazakhstan
Serbia
Belarus
Kyrghyz
Republic
Sweden
the former
Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia*
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Finland
Malta
Republic of
Moldova
Switzerland
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Other international
organizations
*Turkey recognizes the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name.
Partners across the

globe
previous
18
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
Key areas of practical cooperation
Individual Partnership Programmes
NATO-Ukraine
Individual Partnership Action Plans
NATO-Georgia
Planning and Review Process
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism
Partnership for Peace Trust Funds
Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building
Education and Training for Defence Reform

NATO-Russia
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Partners across the
globe
previous
19
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Partnership for Peace:
Practical cooperation
Individual Partnership
Programmes
Key areas of practical cooperation
Action Plans
Defence reform and modernization of armed forces
Planning and Review

Process
Partnership Action Plan

Against Terrorism
Capabilities for multinational crisis-management

operations

Trust Funds
Terrorism and new security challenges

on Defence Institution
Building
Disaster-preparedness and response
Education and Training

for Defence Reform
Scientific and environmental cooperation
20
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Activities drawn from wide range of areas identified in

Euro-Atlantic Partnership Work Plan
Programmes
Action Plans
Defence policy and planning

Civil-military relations
Planning and Review

Process
Education and training

Air defence

Against Terrorism

Trust Funds
Communications and information systems

Crisis management

Building

for Defence Reform
Civil emergency planning

Civil science
Two-year programmes
21
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Programmes
Action Plans
Planning and Review

Process

Against Terrorism

Trust Funds

Building

for Defence Reform
Opportunity for deeper cooperation with NATO

Specific advice on defence and security
Assistance with domestic reforms
Consultations on sensitive issues
Two-year plans
Currently: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and

Herzegovina, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Montenegro
Republic of Moldova
22
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Programmes
Action Plans
Planning and Review

Process

Against Terrorism

Trust Funds

Building

for Defence Reform
Open to all Partners on a voluntary basis
Identifies and evaluates forces and capabilities for NATOled training, exercises and operations
Guides and measures defence and military progress in

participating Partner countries
Provides a planning mechanism for Partner countries

that are also European Union (EU) members
Countries that wish to join NATO must participate in

PARP
23
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Programmes
Action Plans
Planning and Review

Process

Against Terrorism

Trust Funds

Building

for Defence Reform
Framework for NATO-Partner cooperation on

terrorism
Improved intelligence-sharing
Cooperation in border security
Training and exercises
Development of capabilities
Supports destruction of surplus munitions and small arms
and light weapons
Defines partnership roles and instruments to fight

terrorism
24
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Programmes
Action Plans
Planning and Review

Process

Against Terrorism

Trust Funds
Support defence reform projects

Building
Some 25 projects since establishment in 2000

for Defence Reform
Projects led by NATO and Partner country funded

by voluntary contributions
Assist in safe destruction of

Stock-piled anti-personnel mines
Other stock-piled munitions
25
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Programmes
Action Plans
Planning and Review

Process

Against Terrorism

Trust Funds

Building
Help reform and restructure defence institutions to

meet domestic and international needs
Define common objectives
Exchange information
Help tailor bilateral defence assistance programmes
Objectives include
Democratic control of defence activities
Civilian participation in developing security policy
Transparency and accountability

for Defence Reform
26
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Programmes
Action Plans
Planning and Review

Process

Against Terrorism

Trust Funds

Building

for Defence Reform
Aims to help interested Partner countries

implement the Partnership Action Plan for Defence
Institution Building
A network of educational institutions developed in

NATO and Partner countries to support this effort
27
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
NATO-Russia Council
- Established by Rome Declaration (2002)
NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
- Builds on Founding Act on Mutual Relations, Cooperation

and Security between NATO and the Russian Federation
(1997)
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Partners across the
globe
28
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
NATO-Russia relations:
Rome Declaration
Founding Act
Rome Declaration (2002) on NATO-Russia

relations: a new quality
New impetus and substance to relations
Establishes the NATO-Russia Council (NRC)

- 29 NRC members : equal partners
- NRC replaces previous NATO-Russia Permanent Joint
Council
29
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Rome Declaration
Founding Act
The Founding Act on Mutual Relations,

Cooperation and Security between NATO and the
Russian Federation (1997)
NATO and Russia do not consider each other as
adversaries
Wide agenda of topics for cooperation
Establishes the NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council
(replaced by NATO-Russia Council 2002)
30
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Rome Declaration
Founding Act
Cooperation on
Terrorism and new threats and challenges
Crisis management
Afghan counter-narcotics training
Non-proliferation
Arms control and confidence-building measures
Theatre missile defence
Military-to-military cooperation and defence reform
Civil emergencies
31
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
NATO-Ukraine Commission (NUC)
NATO-Ukraine Charter on a Distinctive Partnership between the

North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Ukraine (1997)
Practical cooperation in a wide range of areas under Annual

National Programme
Key priorities:
NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Other international
organizations
- defence and security reform

- support for NATO-led crisis management operations
Partners across the

globe
32
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
NATO-Georgia relations:
NUC
Charter
Discusses security issues of common interest
Directs practical cooperation
Adopts Annual National Programme (ANP)
Established by the NATO-Ukraine Charter (1997)
33
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
NATO-Georgia relations:
NUC
Charter
NATO-Ukraine Charter on a Distinctive Partnership

between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and
Ukraine (1997)
Reaffirms NATO support for Ukrainian

sovereignty
independence
territorial integrity
democratic development
economic prosperity
status as a non-nuclear weapons state
34
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
NATO-Georgia Commission

NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Partners across the
globe
- Serves as forum for political consultations

- Directs practical cooperation under Annual
National Programme
- Underpins Georgias reform efforts to help
country achieve its aspirations for
membership in NATO
- Established in September 2008
35
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
Initiated in 1994 currently 7 participants

Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia
NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean Cooperation Group
Annual work programmes
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Partners across the
globe
36
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council
Initiated in 2004 currently 4 participants

Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates
NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Group
Annual work programmes
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Partners across the
globe
37
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
partnership council
United Nations
European Union
Organization for Security and Co-operation in

Europe
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Council of Europe
Initiative
African Union
Other international
organizations
Non-governmental organizations

NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Partners across the

globe
38
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Other international
organizations:
Active cooperation on maintaining international peace

and security since early 1990s
NATO-UN Declaration (September 2008)
NATO-UN Relations
framework for expanded consultation and cooperation between the

two organizations
Consultation and cooperation in wide range of areas

crisis management, civil-military cooperation, mine action, civil
emergency planning, arms control and non-proliferation, terrorism and
new security challenges, combating human trafficking and promoting
the role of women in peace and security
39
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Other international
organizations:
NATO-EU relations
1994: European Security and Defence Identity
1994: Combined Joint Task Force concept
2001: Beginning institutionalized relations
2003: Berlin Plus Package

Basis for practical cooperation in crisis management
40
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic
partnership council
NATO-Russia
NATO-Ukraine
NATO-Georgia
Mediterranean
Dialogue
Initiative
Other international
organizations
Bilateral relations with partners across the globe that

are not part of formal partnership structures
Different degrees of cooperation:

- Sharing common values and strategic concerns, deepening relations
with NATO and cooperating in areas of common concern
(e.g. Australia, Japan, New Zealand and the Republic of Korea)
- Developing consultation and cooperation in specific areas
(e.g. Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq)
- Developing a dialogue with NATO and being informed of it's agenda
(eg. China and India)
Partners across the

globe
41
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Helps to create a
stable environment
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
emerging threats
Crisis management operations and missions
Afghanistan
Kosovo
Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
Support to African Union
Previous Balkan operations
Civil emergency planning
Refugee crises, forest fires, floods, earthquakes (Pakistan 2005)
Develops military
capabilities
42
What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management
operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan
NATO in Kosovo
NATO in Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
NATO and Africa
Previous Balkan
operations
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Leads crisis management and operations
International Security Assistance Force

ISAF NATO-led since Aug. 2003
Establish secure environment in Kabul and
provinces under UN mandate
Provincial Reconstruction Teams

PRTs
Help reconstruction work in provinces provide
security for aid workers
Transition phase
Afghans to take lead for their own security

Estimated time-line 2011-2014
43
What is NATO?
Xtra
NATO in Afghanistan
NATO in Kosovo
NATO in Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
NATO and Africa
Previous Balkan
operations
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
NATO-led multinational peacekeeping force

KFOR June 1999
NATO adjusts force posture to a deterrent presence 2009
UN Security Council Resolution 1244

June 1999
NATO air campaign against Serb forces

Operation Allied Force
24 March 10 June 1999
44
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

NATO in Afghanistan
NATO in Kosovo
NATO in Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
NATO and Africa
Previous Balkan
operations
NATO Training Mission Iraq (NTM-I) - 2004
Trains personnel from Iraqi security forces
Coordinates offers of equipment and training from

individual NATO and Partner countries
Niche training options developed
45
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

NATO in Afghanistan
NATO in Kosovo
NATO in Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
NATO and Africa
Previous Balkan
operations
Operation Active Endeavour
Article 5 operation launched October 2001 in

Mediterranean to help detect, deter and protect
against terrorist activity
Since March 2004, extended to whole of

Mediterranean
January 2010: shift from a platform-based to a

network-based operation
46
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

NATO in Afghanistan
NATO in Kosovo
NATO in Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
NATO and Africa
Previous Balkan
operations
Counter-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden and

off the horn of Africa
Support humanitarian efforts
Protect vital sea lines of communication and

economic interests
47
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

NATO in Afghanistan
NATO in Kosovo
NATO in Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
NATO and Africa
Previous Balkan
operations
Logistical & planning support provided to AU

Mission in Somalia
NATO support to African Standby Force (ASF)

brigades September 2007
Logistical support provided to African Union

Mission in Sudan June 2005 to December 2007
Assistance offered to follow-on UN-AU hybrid mission in
Sudan
48
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

NATO in Afghanistan
NATO in Kosovo
NATO in Iraq
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden
NATO and Africa
Previous Balkan
operations
Bosnia and Herzegovina

NATO-led implementation force
IFOR (1995) UNSCR 1031
NATO-led stabilisation force
SFOR (1996 2004) UNSCR 1088
Succeeded by EU-led Operation Althea
December 2004
3 short-term military operations in the former

Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia* (2001-2003)
* Turkey recognizes the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name
49
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Helps to create a
stable environment
Types of crisis management operations
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
emerging threats
Develops military
capabilities
Article 5
Operation Active Endeavour
Non-Article 5
NATO operations in Afghanistan
Assistance to Partners
e.g., the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia *
* Turkey recognizes the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name
previous
50
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Helps to create a
stable environment
Civil Emergency Planning
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
1. Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Center

NATO HQ
2. Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Unit
A deployable unit

emerging threats
Develops military
capabilities
previous
51
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Euro-Atlantic Disaster
Response Coordination
Centre
Role
Coordinate responses to disasters, in consultation with
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Focal point for information sharing
Response Unit
Maintain liaison with UN-OCHA, EU and other

organizations
Origins
Established in 1998 on initiative of Russia
52
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Response Coordination
Centre
Response Unit
Non-standing, multinational mix of national civil

and military elements volunteered by members and
partners
Deployed for major natural or technological

disaster
Size and composition determined by each

particular disaster
previous
53
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Helps to create a
stable environment
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
Missile defence
Terrorism
Spread of weapons of mass destruction
Cyber defence
Energy security

emerging threats
Develops military
capabilities
54
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

emerging threats
Missile defence
Terrorism
Weapons of Mass
Destruction Initiative
(1999)
Cyber defence
Alliance Theatre Missile Defence (TMD) system to

protect troops
Missile defence for protection of NATO territory &

populations in Europe
Missile defence cooperation with Russia
55
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

emerging threats
Missile defence
Terrorism
Weapons of Mass
(1999)
Cyber defence
Operation Active Endeavour (2001)
International Security Assistance Force (2003)
Terrorist threat Intelligence Unit (2005)
AWACS Surveillance missions
Increased cooperation with Partners, international

organizations and global partners
Adapted military capabilities (e.g. Programme of Work for

Defence Against Terrorism)
Science for Peace and Security Programme
56
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

emerging threats
Missile defence
Terrorism
Weapons of Mass
(1999)
Cyber defence
Weapons of Mass Destruction Initiative (1999) aims to
Increase debate and understanding of WMD issues

Improve intelligence and information sharing
Increase awareness of proliferation issues
Enhance military readiness to counter WMD threats
Exchange information on national programmes for bilateral WMD
destruction and assistance
Enhance possibilities for Allies to assist one another in the
protection of civil populations
Leads to creation of WMD Centre, 2000
57
What is NATO?
Xtra
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

emerging threats
Missile defence
Terrorism
Weapons of Mass
(1999)
Cyber defence
2008 Cyber defence policy

-
coordinating & advising on cyber defence
Principal activities:
-
assisting individual Allies

research & training: Centre of Excellence, Tallinn, Estonia
cooperation with partners
58
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Helps to create a
stable environment
Welcomes new
members
Forges partnerships
Leads crisis
management
operations
Smaller, more flexible and mobile forces

Lisbon Capabilities Package (2010)
NATO Response Force (NRF)
Reforming the military command structure
Reforming the defence planning process
Alliance Ground Surveillance planning process
Missile defence

emerging threats
Develops military
capabilities
59
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Lisbon Capabilities
Package 2010
Lisbon Capabilities Package (2010)
NATO Response Force

(NRF)
Military command
structure
Reform of the defence
planning process
Alliance Ground
Surveillance (AGS)
Meet current priority shortfalls for operations
Deal with evolving & emerging threats
Critical long-term enabling capabilities for

operations (counter-IEDs, strategic airlift, )
Missile defence
60
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Lisbon Capabilities
Package (2010)
Multinational joint force held at high readiness
Deployable after five days notice and sustainable for 30

days and more if re-supplied
Article 5 and non-article 5 missions
NATO Response
NATO
ResponseForce
Force
(NRF)
(NRF)
Military command
structure
planning process
Alliance Ground
Surveillance (AGS)
Missile defence
61
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Lisbon Capabilities
Package 2010
NATO Response Force

(NRF)
Military command
structure Reform
planning process
Alliance Ground
Surveillance (AGS)
Three tiers command

Strategic level:
change from geographical to functional division of
responsibilities
Operational level:
from 7 to 5 HQs + further reductions
Tactical or component level:
from 13 to 6 HQs + further reductions
Missile defence
62
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Lisbon Capabilities
Package 2010
Defence planning process:

an instrument to ensure that members generate the
necessary capabilities to fulfil NATO missions
Aim:
- to be more flexible, responsive and coordinated
NATO Response Force

(NRF)
Military command
structure Reform
planning process
Alliance Ground
Surveillance (AGS)
- to seek greater harmonization and integration or

national defence planning activities
Missile defence
63
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Lisbon Capabilities
Package 2010
NATO Response Force

(NRF)
Military command
structure Reform
Airborne, stand-off ground surveillance system
Detect and track vehicles moving on or near the

ground
Multinational cooperative effort 15 participating

countries
Alliance Ground Surveillance Agency - 2009

planning process
Alliance Ground
Surveillance (AGS)
Missile defence
64
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Lisbon Capabilities
Package 2010
NATO Response Force

(NRF)
Alliance Theatre Missile Defence (TMD) system to

protect troops
Missile defence for protection of NATO territory &

populations in Europe
Missile defence cooperation with Russia
Military command
structure Reform
planning process
Alliance Ground
Surveillance (AGS)
Missile defence
65
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
How does NATO work?
1.
Consensus decision-making
2.
Civil and military structure
3.
Delegations
4.
Main bodies
5.
NATO Secretary General
6.
International Staff
7.
International Military Staff
8.
Military command structure
9.
Agencies
10. Paying for NATO
66
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Consensus decision-making
Consensus decisionmaking
Delegations
Main bodies
An inter-governmental
organization where
decisions are taken jointly
by each member country
International Staff
Principle of consensus
applied at every
committee level
Agencies
Paying for NATO
67
What is NATO?
How does NATO work?
What does NATO do?

National Authorities
Permanent Representatives
(Ambassadors to NATO)
Military Representatives
to NATO
Delegations
Main bodies
North Atlantic
Council (NAC)
Nuclear Planning
Group (NPG)
Military Committee
(MC)

International Staff
Agencies
Committees
subordinate to the
Council and NPG

Secretary General
Strategic Commands
International Staff
Allied Command
Operations
Allied Command
Transformation
Paying for NATO
68
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Delegations
A national delegation per member country at

NATO HQ, Brussels
Status of an Embassy
Headed by an Ambassador or
Permanent Representative
Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Agencies
Paying for NATO
69
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Main bodies
North Atlantic Council
Nuclear Planning Group
Military Committee
Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Agencies
Paying for NATO
70
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Main bodies

Nuclear Planning
Group
Military Committee
Key political decision-making body
Forum to discuss policy and operational questions
Chaired by Secretary General
Meets at different levels
Established by Article 9 of Washington Treaty
Authority to set up subsidiary bodies
71
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Main bodies

Nuclear Planning
Group
Ultimate authority with regard to nuclear policy

issues
Reviews the Alliances nuclear policy in the light of

changing security environment
All members except for France
Chaired by NATO Secretary General
Military Committee
72
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Main bodies
North Atlantic Counci

Nuclear Planning
Council
Military Committee
Senior military advisory authority
Under authority of NAC and NPG
Provides guidance to two strategic commanders
Chairman selected by Chiefs of Staff for

three-year term
73
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Chairman of NATOs senior committees and

decision facilitator
Spokesperson
Head of International Staff
Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Agencies
Paying for NATO
74
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
International Staff
Advisory and administrative body
Supports work of Delegations
Divided into divisions
Staffed by nationals from member countries
Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Agencies
Paying for NATO
75
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
International Staff
Senior Resource
Board
Civil and Military

Budget Committees
Secretary
General
International Board
of Auditors
Deputy Secretary
General
Delegations
Main bodies
Executive
Management
Division
NATO Office of
Security
International Staff
Office of Resources
Office of
the Financial
Controller

Agencies
Paying for NATO
Emerging
Security
Challenges
Division
Political Affairs
and
Security Policy
Division
Operations
Division
Defence Policy
and Planning
Division
Public
Diplomacy
Division
Defence
Investment
Division
previous
76
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Advisory and administrative body
Supports work of Military committee
Divided into divisions
Staffed by nationals from member countries
Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Agencies
Paying for NATO
77
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Financial Controller
Director (DIMS)
Delegations
Main bodies
Legal Officer
Public Information
Advisor
Executive
Coordinator
Personnel

Support Activities
International Staff
SITCEN

Agencies
Paying for NATO
Intelligence
Division
previous
Operations
Division
Plans
& Policy
Division
Cooperation
& Regional
Security
Division
Logistics
Armaments &
Resources
Division
NHQC3S*
* The NATO HQ Consultation, Command & Control (C3) Staff
78
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?

Allied Command Operations (ACO)

NATO operations
Delegations
Main bodies
Allied Command Transformation (ACT)

Alliance transformation
International Staff
Reform ongoing
Agencies
Paying for NATO
79
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Military Command Structure

Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Agencies
Paying for NATO
previous
80
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Military Command Structure

Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Agencies
Paying for NATO
previous
81
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Agencies
Production and logistics
Delegations
Standardization
Main bodies
Communications
Research
Other agencies and organizations
Project offices

International Staff
Agencies
Reform ongoing
Paying for NATO
82
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Paying for NATO

Indirect contributions
Direct contributions - principle of common funding
Delegations
Main bodies
International Staff
Civil budget
Military budget
NATOs Security Investment Programme

Agencies
Paying for NATO
83
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Paying for NATO
Civil budget
Military budget
Operating costs of the International Staff
NATOs Security
Investments
Programme
Civilian programmes
Running costs of HQ facilities

Conference services
Meetings of NATO committees
Security services
84
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Paying for NATO
Civil budget
Military budget
NATOs Security
Investments
Programme
Operating and maintenance costs of the

international military structure
Military Committee
Agencies
Two strategic commands and associated command,
control and information systems
Research and development agencies
NATO Airborne Early Warning and Control Force
Operating costs of NATO peacekeeping command
structures
85
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Paying for NATO
Civil budget
Military budget
NATOs Security
Investments
Programme
Major construction and system Investments that

exceed national defence requirements of individual
member countries
Communications and information systems
Radar
Military HQ
Airfields
Fuel pipelines and storage
Harbours
86
What is NATO?
What does NATO do?
How does NATO work?
Paying for NATO
87

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What is NATO?

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

A political and military organization

Sharing common values

The principle of collective defence

Comprehensive vision of security

Maintaining the transatlantic link

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

A political and military organization

NATOs fundamental role and enduring purpose is

How does NATO work?

What does NATO do?

A political and military organization

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

A political and military organization

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg,

Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland

Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania,

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

Sharing common values

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

The principle of collective defence

Article 5 Washington Treaty

The right to self-defence Article 51 UN Charter

Operate when and where necessary to fight

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

A comprehensive vision of security

The Alliances Strategic Concept (2010)

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

Maintaining the transatlantic link

Linking North America and Europe

A unique security partnership

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

WHAT DOES NATO DO?

Helps to create a stable environment

Welcomes new members

Leads crisis management operations

Combats existing and emerging threats

Develops military capabilities

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

Helps to create a stable environment

Promotes dialogue and cooperation

Prevents conflicts through diplomacy

Provides security to rebuild post conflict areas

What does NATO do?

How does NATO work?

Welcomes new members

The Parties may, by unanimous agreement, invite any

NATOs open-door policy

Combats existing and