HITECTURE

D EPARTMENT OF ARC

FRANK LLYOD
WRIGHT
MODERNIST ARCHITECT 1867-1959
sUbMiTtEd By PrAtEeK &
MaNiShA
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"The thing
always
happens
that you
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believe in,
and the
belief in a
thing
makes it
happen."

The Man Who Needs No

Introduction
FRANK
LLOYDarchitect
WRIGHT,
An American
interior designer , writer ,
educator during his 70year
The career.
development of modern
architecture has been strongly
influenced
by
the
accomplishment of frank Llyod
Wright

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ABOUT THE ARCHITECT

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Mr. Wright,
in pursuing
functionalis
m,
identified
FORM and
FUNCTION
as
ONE
and
the
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He related the meaning of his work to

the order of nature; his buildings and
designs were metaphors for
technology, nature and democracy.
His architecture went through several
phases and focused on such themes
as nature organicism, the Midwestern
Prairie, modernism .
He discovered the vital difference
between sculpture and architecture,
between volumes on the landscape and
architectural space.
Frank Lloyd Wright designed 1,141
buildings, including homes, offices,
churches,
schools,
libraries,
bridges,
and
museums.
Five
hundred and thirty-two of these
designs were completed, and 409
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still stand.

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"The thing
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 Date Of Birth : June 8,

1867
Parents
:
William Cary
Wright And Anna Lloyd-Jones

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He was originally named as

Frank Lincoln Wright, which he
later changed after his parents
1885
- he enrolled as a special student
divorced.
at the University of Wisconsin at Madison
and worked as a draughtsman in the
"The thing
practice of Allen D. Conover, Dean of thealways
happens
School of Engineering of Madison,
that you
really
Wisconsin
believe in,

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LIFE EVENTs & time line

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university studies and moved to Chicago

.
1887 - he designed his first
independent
project,
Unitarian
1887
- he joined
the the
prestigious
Adler &
Chapel in
Sioux City .
Sullivan
practice.

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1893 - after the discovery of

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1887 - Frank Lloyd Wright gave up his

'clandestine' work parallel to his job for

Adler & Sullivan, he fell out with Louis
Sullivan -. after returning to the United
1911
1893 -he
opened
his Taliesin
own practice
.
States,
founded
(literally
1905 - -brow')
journey
.
1914
at Taliesin,
a servant
murdered Mamah
'shining
. to Japan
Cheney, her two children and four employees of
the practice afterwards starting a fire which
totally destroyed the building .

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"The thing
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Architecture, a collection of conference

cycles held in 1930 at Princeton
University1932
- he exhibited
at theof
1938 - he published
his collection
Museum
of Modern Art
in Modern
New York
writings Architecture
and
Life

1939 - he was awarded the Royal

Institute of British Architects gold medal
1949 - he was awarded the American
Institute of Architects gold medal
1954 - he published The Natural House,
in which he described Usonian houses
1957 - he published A Testament, his
autobiography
1958 - he published The Living City

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1931 - he published Modern

1959, 9th April - he died in

Phoenix History of Architecture VI

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earliest works was to some

extent a derivation of the
work
of
the
leading
architects of the 1880,s
including h.h. Richardson
,bruce price,and mckim,
mead and white, whose
work was widely published
in contemporary magazines
.

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Architectural Phases Of
Frank
Lloyd
Wright
FIRST PHASE: his
SECOND PHASE: in
the 1890,s is classical in
nature furthermore ,the
decoration Wright used
in
these
years
is
evidence
of
the
influence
of
Louis
THIRD
Sullivan PHASE:
, for whom
sometimes
calledfor
Wright
Wright worked
five
s
first golden age
years.
began in 1901 and
extended into 1910,

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In third phase Wright created a distinctly

American house type the prairie housecharacterized by a strong horizontally , use of
natural materials , and a close attention to the
FOURTH PHASE: from the
links between the building the building and its
1910,s the decorative use of
site
Mayan inspired cast concrete
dominated and culminated in
wrights fourth phase, the textile
FIFTH
PHASE: Wrights fifth
block houses in the los Angeles
and
productive
period
area most
of California.00
featured the usonian house , a
lower cost house type than the
SIXTH house00000
PHASE :The s.c johnson wax company
prairie
head quarters (1936), the solomon r,.
Guggenheim museum (1956), and the marine
county civic centre (1957)- are not only
landmarks in modern American architecture but
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are also publicly
accessible.

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Location:

Pennsylvania
1936 - 1939
Built:

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Fallingwater House For

E. Kaufmann
Mill Run,

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Organic Architecture
Architecturalstyle(s):
One of the worlds most
famous houses is the weekend
retreat called Falling water.
Begun in 1936 and completed
the following year, Wright
designed
the
house
for
Pittsburgh department store
owner Edgar J. Kaufmann,
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of Architecture
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son, Edgar Jr.,VI
was a

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Falling waters floors and roofs are

dramatically cantilevered over the waterfall
R
of Bear Run, a creek in western
Falling water celebrates
Pennsylvania.
an idea: the technology
,imagination and nature
when brought together in
service of man can result
in great art . it is a place
which
was was
created
romance
the for
creative
force
restoration
nature
and embodied
expressed by in
each
individual
in
the form notion
of architecture
romantic
In falling water Wright captured the perfect
essence of own desire to live with the nature
democracy the national ideal which Wright
defined as the gospel of individuality

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"The thing
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Construction
materials used were:sandstone, reinforced
concrete, glass, and
The intrinsic quality of
steel.
each manner in which it
was treated , for e.g. :the
pale color of concrete
suggests
the
earthen
The stone floors are
nature which nature of the material.
waxed, while the hearth
meant not just
is left plain, giving the
living things but
impression of dry rocks
was the essence
of materials plans protruding from a
stream00
and feelings
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Materials used

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D EPARTMENT OF ARC

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HITECTURE

the nature of
Influenced by
materials. Wood
music
Windows are

The
next
should look like
framed by steel
most
sashes instead
wood, showing its
of using large
important
grain and natural
sheets of
material
is
color, with the
glass , Wright
stone.
choose to
same applying to
Executed in
emphasize
He proposed
stone and
reinforced
both
on the
brick,
Stone walls
originally to
concrete,
plaster.
physical
serve to space
cover the
presence
of
the houses
Each material
building
concrete slabs
glass
and in
its gold
floating
should show its
leaf which would
functions.
the proper
planes echo
natural texture
mimic the color
the streams
distance apart,
of dying plants
cascading
and prevent
and thereby
the colors
be
flow. of buildings should
them from
the
derived from nature andconnect
should be
adapted to harmonize with
the to the
house
twisting. a
building materials
change of
vertical
seasons and the
membrane of
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passage of
time.
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Nearly half of falling water is

terrace or the exterior space . each
of the floor bed rooms has its own
Space
terrace and there are two terraces
Was
The
Wrights design makes the
of the living room
Invisible
interior space of the house
Fountain
continuous with the
The
strong
,From
outdoors, fusing the house
Which
All
with its site.horizontal
and vertical Rhythm
Flows
To
lines are a
Which
distinctive
They Must
Pass.
feature of

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LIVING SPACES

Fallingwater
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PLAN
S

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S
E
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I
O
N
S
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D EPARTMENT OF ARC

mon R.

m
a
s
t
Guggenheim Museum
c
Established- 1071 Fifth 193 e R
h
7
Ave.,

HITECTURE

At the
Location- Upper East Side,
New York City,
beginn
Type- Art
United
States
museum
i
ing it
Areawas
0.9acres (0.36 ha)
t
called
Built- 1959
e
the
Wright, Frank Lloyd; Cohen, Geo
Architect:
c
Museu
Architecturalstyle(s
"The thing
Modern):Movement
t
m of
always
happens
NonIt was completed
in 1959, six months after Wrights
deat
that you
really
Objecti
believe in,
and the
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ve
belief in a

faade stone
glass
titanium
building structure steel

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Design
Features
The seven-storey
: building

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Construction
materials used:-

has a spiral form around an

open well, with a huge
skylight as a roof
The unique feature of this design
is that while looking at any one
painting, all other paintings are
always visible, since the whole
exhibition can be seen at any
point on the ramp.

Form
And
Functio
n Were
One,
Unified
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Special importance
to lighting IS GIVEN.
By using both
daylight
and
The circular,
artificial
inverted,light,
and a
three
dimensional
truncated
conical
effect
was created.
main space
is lit by
The circular form
a dome and a
of the spiral
ground floor is left
adds to the
as an open circular
sense of
court.
space was the invisible
fountain ,from
movement.
which all rhythm flows to which they must
pass

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D EPARTMENT OF ARC

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History of Architecture VI

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"The thing
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The
main
construction material
is concrete in a variety
of forms such as
reinforced
and
sprayed concrete, as
the spiral ramp design
depends
on
the
The materials
character
of used
the
in its construction
material.

were basically
precast concrete
the colors
blocks.

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MATERIALS

of buildings
should be
derived
from
nature and
should be
adapted to
harmonize
with the
building
materials

supportin
g,
reinforced
the nature
concrete
of
spiral
materials.
beam
Wood
forms the should look
structural like wood,
showing its
system.
grain and
The flat
natural
beam
color, with
acts like a the same
continuou applying to
brick,
s ramp.
This ramp stone and
plaster.
used on the
is The
the white paint
internal wallsEach
makes the
architectu
works of art material
stand out.
ral space
should

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show its

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Wright directs visitors

via a ramp to the top
of the building, and
The tour begins at the
down a gentle
helicoidally ramp so
entrance and slowly
that almost without
leads visitors to a path
realizing it, the work
where the artworks are
set out at different
exposed along a spiral
levels is
ramp lit by a large
interconnected,VI
yet
skylight at itsHistory
zenith of Architecture
distinct from one
divided in the shape of a

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The Museum
Guggenheim exhibits a
great difference to the
buildings in the vicinity
because of its spiral
shape, marked by the
merging of triangles,
ovals, arcs, circles and
squares, which
correspond to the concept
of organic architecture
used

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PLAN
AND
GROU
ND
FLOO
R
SECTIONAL
VIEW
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"The thing
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belief in a

D EPARTMENT OF ARC

HITECTURE

ROBEIS HOUSE

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5757 South
Location:
Woodlawn
Avenue,
Chicago,
Cook
Built:
1909 County,
Illinois
USA Lloyd
Architect: ,Frank
Wright
Architectura Prairie style
lstyle(s):
DesignatedSeptember
:
15, 1971

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e of the best example of prairie style of architectu

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DESIGN FEATURES :

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HITECTURE

STRUCTURE
The projecting cantilevered roof
From a
eaves, continuous bands of artdistance, this
glass windows, and the use of
complex and
Roman brick emphasize
the
To emphasize
expensive
the nature of
horizontal`
the horizontal tuck pointing
materials.
of the bricks, creates an
Wood should
the horizontal impression of
look like wood,
continuous
joints were
showing its
lines of
filled with a
grain and
cream-colored horizontal color
natural color,
and minimizes
mortar and
with the same
the appearance
the small
applying to
joints of individual
brick, stoneHistory
and vertical
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VI
bricks.
were filled
plaster. Each

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structure also
eliminates the
The steel beams in
need
for
the ceilings and floors
internal
carrying most of the
structural
building's weight to
columns
and
piers at the east and
walls,
west ends. As a result,
accenting the
the
exterior
walls
open
plan
have little structural
Wright favored
The function,
design and thus are
The
house
filled art
with doors and
of
the
contains 174 art
containing
glass windows
glass window and
art glass
windows
is an panels.
door panels in 29
abstract
different designs.
pattern
of
Wright
colored and
occasionally
clear
glass
designed
art
using structure,
30 and
glass
A using
largely steel
accounts for the
60-degree
stylized minimal
formsdeflection
of the eaves.
angles.
from nature, the
designs of the
Robie House art

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# Frank Lloyd Wright

# Organic
was an architect who
architecture was a
was a pioneer in
philosophy created
modern style, and he
by Wright. It means
is considered one of
that a building
the greatest figures
should be developed # With
# The
particular
in architecture
in the
out of its natural
the
open
function of the
20th-century
surroundings.
planning
building, its
#
One
of
the
Originality was
of one
environment, and
many
fundamental
shown in his designs room
the type of
contributions
was
for public and privateflowing
materials
the
use
of
building
"The thing
structures.
into
employed
in
the
always
materials for their
another
structure should happens
natural colors s
that you
his
be
the
things
that
really
well as structural
believe in,
interiors
ultimately
characteristics
.
Historyemphasiz
of Architecture
VIthe and the
determined
belief in a

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CONCLUSION

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