Multimedia Systems Design

Contents
Introduction
Multimedia

elements
Multimedia applications
Multimedia systems architecture

Definitions and terminologies

Introduction

Multimedia:
It is an ideal language for communication

It is any integrated combination of text, art/images, sound,

animation and video delivered by computer or other electronic or
digitally manipulated means.

A Multimedia system is characterized by computer controlled,

integrated production, manipulation, presentation, storage and
communication of independent information, which is encoded at least
through a continuous and a discrete medium.

Definitions and terminologies

Introduction

If the user has control over the multimedia presentation then it

becomes a non-linear and Interactive Multimedia presentation.
Applications that involve more than conventional data types
Multimedia is a computer-based interactive communication
process that incorporates text, graphics, sound, animation, and video
Hypertext:
Text which contains links to other texts/web pages or other
media.
It allows a nonlinear way of navigation through the content.

Definitions and terminologies

Introduction

Hypermedia:
Media having links to other media.
All the web based applications and web sites are hypermedia
based.

Introduction

Applications

CBT and WBT

Digital video editing and
production systems
Electronic
Newspapers/Magazines

Multimedia courseware

Video/Audio
conferencing

Video-on-demand

Virtual reality

Games

Digital Libraries

Home shopping

Games

Interactive TV

Multimedia authoring

Advantages

Introduction

Increase in Retention rate

Reduced production costs

Ease of use and development

Better way of communication

Increase in cognition levels

Can be used by a wide section of target users

Utilizes the power of E-delivery platforms

Convergence of computers, telecom, and TV

Collaboration, virtual environments, and web casting

Challenges and complexity

Introduction

For example video conferencing requires a combination of

technologies, including communications, high-resolution display
systems, and storage and rapid dissemination of multidimensional
objects consisting of text, image, voice, audio, and full-motion
video components.

The system will have to understand and know how to interpret and
combine data elements of various types and be able to present it to
the user in the desired mode set by the user.

Groupware systems( to allow a number of office workers to work

together on the same information)

High bandwidth requirements.

Some more.

Introduction

Multimedia meant a combination of text with document images

New application areas include

Medical applications
Real-estate on-line video clips with property descriptions
multimedia help and training material
security systems for employee identification

Elements

Fascimile

Document images

Photographic images

Geographic information systems maps

Voice commands and voice synthesis

Audio messages

Video messages

Full-motion stored and live video

Holographic images

fractals

Multimedia elements

Document
Multimedia applications
imaging
The fundamental concepts of storage, compression, and
decompression and display technologies used for multimedia
systems were developed for document image management.

Document imaging makes it possible to store, retrieve, and

manipulate very large volumes of drawings, documents and other
graphical representations of data.

A compression efficiency of over 20:1 is considered highly

desirable for document images for most office systems.

For high-resolution images, processing of the order of 10 pixels/ns

is considered adequate for monochrome still images.

Image processing
and Image recognition

Multimedia applications

Image processing involves image recognition, image enhancement,

image synthesis, and image reconstruction.

Image enhancement includes image calibration, real-time

alignment, gray-scale normalization, RGB hue intensity
adjustment, Color separation, Frame averaging.

Image animation scanned images can be displayed sequentially

at controlled display speeds

Image annotation as a text file stored along with the image. The
annotation is overlaid over the original image for display purposes.

OCR is used for data entry by scanning typed or printed words in a

form.

Image processing
and Image recognition

Multimedia applications

Handwriting recognition ability to recognize writer-independent

continuous cursive handwriting accurately in real time. Two
factors are important; strokes or shapes being entered and the
velocity of input or the vectoring that is taking place.

The strokes are parsed and processed by a shape recognizer that

tries to determine the geometry and topology of the strokes. It
attempts to compare it to existing shapes, such as predefined
characters. Then the word may be checked against a dictionary.

Non-textual image recognition: uses facial expressions, posture,

and gestures which represent important input.

Full motion digital video

applications

Multimedia applications

E-mail
Training and
manuals

On-Line
reference

Video
conferencing

Business
applications

CD-ROM
presentations
interactive
training
demos
Video karaoke
Pay-per-view
CD-ROM
newspapers
Interactive TV
interactive games
Games and Entertainment

Full motion digital video

applications

Multimedia applications

Full-motion video clips should be sharable but should have only

one sharable copy

It should be possible to attach full-motion video clips to other

documents such as memos, chapter text, presentations, and so on.

Users should be able to take sections of a video clip and combine

the sections with sections from other video clips to form their own
new video clip

All the normal features of a VCR metaphor, such as, rewind,

FF,play and search etc should be available.

Users should be able to search to the beginning of a specific scene,

that is , the full-motion video clip should be indexed.

Full motion digital video

applications

Multimedia applications

Users should be able to place their own indexing marks to locate

segments in the video clip.

It should be possible to view the same clip on a variety of display

terminal types with varying resolution capabilities without the
need for storing multiple copies in different formats.

It should be possible for users to move and resize the window

displaying the video clip.

The users should be able to adjust the contrast and brightness of

the video clip and also adjust the volume of the associated sound.

Users should be able to suppress sound or mix sound from other

sources.

When video clips are spliced, then sound components are also
spliced automatically.

Electronic messaging

Multimedia applications

Message store and forward facility

Message transfer agents to route messages to their final

destinations across various nodes in a multilevel network.

Message repositories (servers) where users may store them just as

they would store documents in a filing cabinet

Repositories for dense multimedia components such as images,

video frames, audio messages and full-motion video clips.

Ability for multiple electronic hypermedia messages to share the

same multimedia components residing in various repositories on
the enterprise network.

Dynamic access and transaction managers to allow multiple users

to access, edit, and print these multimedia messages.

Electronic messaging

Multimedia applications

Local and global directories to locate users and servers across an

enterprise network

Automatic database sync of dynamic electronic messaging

databases.

Automatic protocol conversions and data format conversions

Administrative tools to manage enterprise wide networks.

A universal multimedia
application

Multimedia applications

An application that manipulates data types that can be combined in

a document, displayed on a screen, or printed with no special
manipulations that the user needs to perform

Full motion video messages

Viewer interactive live video

Audio and video indexing

Multimedia systems
architecture
APPLICATIONS
Graphical user
Interface

Multimedia extensions

Operating system Software drivers Multimedia driver

support
System-Hardware
(Multimedia-Enabled)

Add-On multimedia
devices and peripherals

Multimedia systems
architecture
High resolution graphics display
VGA mixing
VGA mixing with scaling
Dual-buffered VGA mixing/scaling
The IMA architectural framework
It is based on defining interfaces to a multimedia interface bus. The
multimedia interface bus would be the interface between systems and
multimedia sources and would provide streaming I/O services,
including filters and translators.

Network architecture for

multimedia systems

Multimedia systems
architecture

The network congestion can be attributed to a combination of the following causes

Increased computing power of the desktop systems, workstations, and

PCs and their ability to run multiple applications concurrently.

Business needs for more complex networks for a larger variety of data
transmissions including voice, data, and video messages

Increased traffic loads on existing backbone networks.

Use of client server architectures for a wide range of applications

Graphics-intensive applications

Voice and video based multimedia applications that require large volumes
of data storage.

Number of users accessing the network

Network architecture for

multimedia systems

Multimedia systems
architecture

Task based multilevel networking Higher class of service require

more expensive components in the workstations as well as in the
servers supporting the workstation applications. If we adjust the class
of service to the specific requirements of the user it is task based
multi-level networking
High speed server to server links duplication and replication
Networking standards
ATM, FDDI

A Course-on-Demand System
On-line facilitator
Courseware
developer

Multimedia
Database

Network
Database server
user

Server

DB Application

User
Interface

Network

Java Client

Authoring
Tool

Integration Software

A Course-on-Demand System
Metadata
DB

Media
Server

THANK YOU