NAME :- MUSSAWER-UL-HASNAIN

CLASS :- BS - 2 (GEOPHYSICS)
TOPIC :- BOUGER ANOMALY & BOUGER
CORRECTION

BOUGUER
ANOMALY
The remaining value of gravitational
attraction after accounting for thetheoretical
gravitational attraction at the point of
measurement, latitude, elevation, the
Bouguer correctionand thefree-air correction
(which compensates for height above sea
level assuming there is only air between the
measurement station and sea level).

BOUGER ANOMALY
IN SIMPLE TERMS, THE BOUGER ANAMOLY
IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHAT
GRAVITY IS AT A PARTICULAR LOCATION, &
WHAT IS OUGHT TO BE AT THE SAME
LOCATION & AT THE THEOTRICAL MODEL
OF EARTH ( REFERENCE ELLIPSOID) THAT
PREDICT GRAVITY BY NEAR SEA LEVEL
BASED ON THE LATITUDINAL POSITION.

Originator
THISANOMALYIS NAMED FOR PIERRE BOUGUER, A FRENCH
MATHEMATICIAN (1698 TO 1758) .
COMPARED THE BRIGHTEST OF CELSETIAL OBJECT S TO THAT
OF CANDLE
FLAME.
PRESENTED DETERMINATION FOR THE EXACT SHAPE OF THE
EARTH.
MEASURED THE HORIZONTAN PULL OF MOUNTAINS
MEASURED GRAVITY BY A PENDULUM AT DISTINCT
ALTITUDES.
HE WORKED MAJORLY ON INTENSITY OF LIGHT FOR THAT HE
IS KNOWN AS FATHER OF PHOTOMETRRY.
BOUGER WORKED ON NAVAL MANOEVERS, SHIP DESIGN
MEASURE OF SHIP STABILITY.

Bouguer Anomaly
THE DIFFERENCE CORRECTION IS CALLED
THE RELATIVE BOUGER ANOMALY.
CAN BE INTERPRETED AS REPRESENTING DENSITY
FLUCTUATIONS FROM THE SURFACE.
BOUGER GIVES A GOOD IMPRESSION OF
SUBSURFACE DENSITY.
LOW (NEGA --) VALUES INDICATE LOWER DENSITY
BENEATH THE POINT
HIGH (POSI +) VALUES INDICATE HIGHER DENSITY
BENEATH THE MEASURMENT POINT.

FORMULAS FOR
CALCULATING BOUGER
ANOMALY

1. gb = g obs gn + 0.3086 h
-0.04193 r + TC (mgal)
Where r is the average density of the
rock.
2. gb = g obs d gL + dg FA d gb +
d gt
Where g obs =station reading, d gL=
latitude correction, dg FA = free air

BOUGER ANOMALY
ACCORDING TO LAFEHR (1991) THE
STANDARD BOUGUER DENSITY IS
2.67 G/CM BUT IT IS APPROPRIATE
TO SELECT A LOWER DENSITY IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE ROCKS OF
THE SURVEY AREA.

FACTORS TAKEN IN ACCOUNT TO

CHECK BOUGER ANAMOLY : LATTITUDE & LONGITUDE
ALTITUDE OR ELEVATION OF THE ROCK
ROTATION OF THE EARTH & THEIR ACTUAL VALUE
MASS B/W THE LOCATION & THE ARBITRARY
REFERENCE
POINT.
TERRAIN AROUND THE LOCATION
CURVATURE OF THE EARTH ( FOR A LARGE AREA)
DEVIATION FROM A SIMPLE CONCENTRICALLY
CONFIGUARATION OF THE EARTH.

STEPS FOR CALCULATING THE BOUGUER

ANOMALY (PRESUMING THE OBSERVED
ABSOLUTE VALUE ARE:

Calculate the theoretical value for a

station, based on its latitudinal position
(formula derived from the mathematical
expression for the reference ellipsoid).

Modify the theoretical value, as if it had

been obtained with the same elevation,
mass distribution, and terrain
conditions as are present at the
measured station.

TYPES OF BOUGER ANAMOLY

THERE ARE TWO TYPES : SIMPLE BOUGER ANAMOLY : IN WHICH VARIOUS FACTORS HAVE BEEN
CORRECTED, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF
TERRAIN EFFECTS.

COMPLETE BOUGER ANAMOLY : FOR WHICH TERRAIN EFFECTS HAVE ALSO

BEEN REMOVED

BOUGER
CORRECTION:Above the reference plane, the effect of
mass is to increase gravity, so the mass
factor also called BOUGER CORRECTION.
The Bouger Correction accounts for
attraction of material between the station
and the DATUM LINE.
g corr =g obs + 3.080 h0.4191 x 10 - hp +
Tp g.u.

BOUGER
CORRECTION:The
adjustment to a measurement of
gravitational acceleration to account
for elevation and the density ofrock
between the measurement station and
a reference level. It can be expressed
mathematically as the product of the
density of the rock, the height relative
to sea level or another reference, and a
constant, in units of mGal : 0.4185 ph
p = density of rock in kg / m
h = height difference between two
locations
Strictly interpreted, the Bouguer
correction is added to the known value

BOUGER CORRECTION :
TAKES INTO ACCOUNT ATTRACTION DUE TO AN
INFINITE HORIZONTAL SLAB.
CORRECTION = 2 PGRH
THE BOUGER CORRECTION INCREASES GRAVITY.
REPRESENTS GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION TO
ACCOUNT ELEVATION & DENSITY OF ROCK B/W
STATION & REFERENCE LEVEL.
MATHEMATICALLY, EXPRESSED AS THE PRODUCT
OF DENSITY OF ROCK & HEIGHT RELATIVE TO SEA
LEVEL .

BOUGER
CORRECTION : REPRESENTS A CORRECTION TO GRAVITY DATA
DUE OF THE ATTRACTION OF THE ROCK B/W THE
STAION & ELEVATION OF DATUM (SEA LEVEL)
BOUGER CORRECTION IS +0.01276 RHMGAL IN FEET.
CORRECTION VALUE VARY FROM SOURCE TO
SOURCE FROM 0.4185 TO 4193.
REMOVES THE EFFECT OF ANY TOPOGRAPHIC
MASS ( SUCH AS MOUNTAINS ) LYING ABOVE OR
BELOW THE ELLIPSOID.
THE MASS ASSOCIATED WITH THE NEARBY
MOUNTAINS IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE CORRECTION.

:ANOMALY CAN BE INTERPRETED AS

REPRESENTING A DENSITY
FLUCTUATIONS BELOW THE
SURFACE.
THE EXISTENCE OF LOCALLY DENSE
OR LIGHT REGIONS OF THE EARTH ,
WHERE A LARGE METEORITE OR AN
OIL FIELD MIGHT BE BURIED