Ch.9, Sec.

2 Challenges
to the New Government
Securing the Northwest Territory
- as president, Washington tried to
maintain peace, but was forced to
use military action to maintain
order in the area between the
Appalachian Mountains & the
Mississippi River
- Native Americans, American
settlers, and the British (violating
the Treaty of Paris) were fighting
over the Northwest Territory

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government
Battle of Fallen Timbers
- Washington sent troops to the Ohio Valley to protect
American settlers living near hostile Native Americans
- in August of 1794, Native
Americans gathered at the
British post, Fort Miami
- 2,000 Natives were defeated
by American troops in the
Battle of Fallen Timbers

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government
- the loss at Fallen Timbers crushed the Native Americans
hopes of keeping their land in the Northwest Territory

- 12 tribes signed the

Treaty of Greenville
in 1795, effectively
turning over Ohio &
Indiana to the U.S.
government

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government
The Whiskey Rebellion
- not long after the Battle of Fallen Timbers, farmers in
western Pennsylvania staged a rebellion to fight the
governments taxes on whiskey, found in Hamiltons financial
plan
- the farmers tarred & feathered
a tax collector, forcing
Washington to send 13,000
troops into Western
Pennsylvania in what came to
be known as the Whiskey
Rebellion

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government
The French Revolution
- in 1789, a financial crisis led the French people to rebel
against their government
- using the American Revolution as an example, the French
people demanded liberty and equality
- Americans supported the French Revolution, but it had
become very violent by 1792 and King Louis XVI was
guillotined in 1793
- France soon declared war on England, Spain, & Holland
placing the U.S. & Washington into a tough situation

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government
- in April of 1793, Washington decided to remain neutral and
not side with either France or England
- Secretary of State,
Thomas Jefferson, sided
with the French, but
Secretary of the Treasury,
Alexander Hamilton, sided
with the English because
they were a valuable
trading partner

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government
Remaining Neutral
- England made it difficult for the U.S. to remain neutral, so
Washington sent Chief Justice John Jay to negotiate
- after the Battle of Fallen Timbers, England agreed to leave
the Ohio Valley by 1796 in Jays Treaty
- the treaty required England to pay for damages to U.S.
vessels they had seized, but did not open up trade for America
in the West Indies
- therefore, the treaty was not very popular with the American
people

Ch.9, Sec.2 Challenges

to the New Government
- like John Jay, Thomas Pinckney helped the U.S. reduce
tensions along the frontier
- in 1795, Pinckneys Treaty with Spain gave Americans the
right to travel freely on the Mississippi River and store goods
in New Orleans without paying customs taxes
- Spain also accepted
the 31st parallel as the
northern boundary of
Florida and the southern
border of the U.S.
Thomas Pinckney