NOISE

Engr. Lauro C. Canceran

OSHC - Environment Control Division

NOISE
Definition: Unwanted Sound
Types:

Continuous/Steady Noise
Intermittent Noise
Impact/Impulsive Noise

Nature of Sound
Definition of a Wave
Webster's dictionary defines a wave
as "a disturbance or variation that
transfers energy progressively from
point to point in a medium and that
may take the form of an elastic
deformation or of a variation of
pressure, electric or magnetic
intensity, electric potential, or
temperature."

Nature of Sound
Sound Pressure
Medium for its Propagation
Sound Velocity

Frequency (Pitch)
Audible Frequency for Human

Infrasound

Ultrasound

Sound Spectrum of an Air-Compressor

FACTORS AFFECTING THE

DEGREE AND EXTENT OF
HEARING LOSS
Intensity of noise
Type of noise
Period of exposure each day
Total work duration
Individual susceptibility

FACTORS AFFECTING THE

DEGREE AND EXTENT OF
HEARING LOSS
Age of worker
Co-existing hearing loss and ear disease
Character of the surroundings in which
the noise is produced
Distance from the source
Position of the ear with respect to
sound waves

SOUND MEASURING
INSTRUMENTS

SOUND LEVEL METER

A device that measures the intensity of sound
Decibel (dB)-unit of measurement for sound level
meter

DOSIMETER

FREQUENCY ANALYZER -1/3 octave band filter

Sound Level Meter

Microphone
Windscreen
Preamplifier
Mounting Ring
Level Range Selector

Function Selector
Digital Display
Analog Meter
Control Section

SOUND SURVEYS
Estimate roughly the noise
level
Pinpoint the noisy
machineries and processes
Determine the workarea and
worker affected

WHERE & WHEN TO MEASURE

A position near the workers ear
(1.2 - 1.5 meter above the
ground/floor)
Fixed operational position of
worker
Under ordinary noise conditions in
the work area
In a time zone deemed to have the
highest noise level

Permissible Noise Exposure Level

Duration per day, hours

Sound Level, dBA

8
6
4
3
2
1-1/2
1

90
92
95
97
100
102
105
110
115

Ceiling value : No exposure in excess of 115 dBA is allowed

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF NOISE

CONTROL
Controlling or attenuating
at its source
Controlling or attenuating
along its path from source
listener
Controlling or attenuating
at the receiver (listener)

noise
noise
to
noise

METHODOLOGY FOR REDUCING NOISE

Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls
Temporary Measures

ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Substitution of machines
Substitution of processes
Maintenance
Reduction of the driving force
of vibrating surfaces
Reduction of the sound radiation
from vibrating surfaces

ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Reduction of the sound transmission
through solids
Reduction of the sound produced by
gas flow
Reduction of noise by reducing its
transmission through air
Isolation of the operator by means
of soundproof booth

Modular Acoustic
Screens

Engine Box

Baffle Hanging
Arrangement

Sound Absorbing
Materials

Providing Vibration Isolators

Lining with vibration dampening materials

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL

Job rotation
Selecting machine operating
times
Purchase agreements

TEMPORARY MEASURES

Classes
Enclosures
Aural inserts (earplugs)
Superaural protectors (Canal
caps)
Circumaural protectors (earmuffs)

Temporary Protective Equipment

THANK
YOU!